Introduction: Silent myocardial infarction is a kind of infarction that could not be diagnose at onset except casually. Objective: The aim of this study was comparing the prevalence of opium addiction in silent with non-silent myocardial infarction.Materials and Methods: A consecutive series of 676 patients (male 495, female 181) with diagnosis of Q-wave myocardial infarction (MI) by resting ECG (with or without previous history of MI) in a cardiovascular private clinic in Rasht were selected.Results: Silent MI (SMI) was observed in 231 (34.2%) of patients. The prevalence of opium smoking in non-silent MI (NSMI) was higher than SMI (17.5% vs. 6.5%, P<0.001).The prevalence of opium users (smoking and oral) in NSMI was higher than SMI (20.4% vs. 10.8%, P<0.005). The prevalence of oral users in SMI (4.3%) was not significantly (NS) higher than NSMI (2.9%), P=NS. Mean age (P<0.0001), sex (female) (P<0.0001), Hypertension (just in males) (P<0.0001) diabetes mellitus (P<0.05), and stroke (Just in male)(P<0.005) were higher in SMI than NSMI.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that: 1-Opium addiction is not an associated factor with SMI. 2-the associated factors of SMI are: Older age, sex (female), Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, and stroke (in male patients).

Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is a rare clinical condition. In this report, we are presenting a 58 years old woman with chief complain of right global pain. All ophthalmic examinations were normal. In CT-scan of para nasal sinuses right maxillary sinus volume was decreased but she had no sinonasal symptoms.

Background: Cocaine poisoning is known for causing severe clinical effects such as tachycardia, hypertension, agitation and confusion. Absence of clinical manifestations in cocaine poisoning is unusual.Case report: A 26-year old man, known to be a cocaine addict, declared that he was forced by cocaine dealers to swallow many tablets of cocaine, six hours prior to admission to emergency department. Clinical examination, cardiac, hematological and biochemical checkups were unremarkable. The patient was clinically stable and left the hospital seven hours after admission by self-discharge. Blood and urine toxicological screening tests for benzodiazepines, barbiturates, tricyclic antidepressants and ethanol were negative. Patient’s blood sample was not sufficient for analysis of cocaine and its metabolites. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, urine and gastric lavage samples were positive for cocaine. Quantification of cocaine and its metabolites including benzoylecgonine (BZE) and ecgonine methyl ester (EME) in urine was done using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results revealed high levels of cocaine and its metabolites (cocaine: 360 mg/L, BZE: 1350 mg/L, EME: 780 mg/L).Discussion: Cocaine poisoning is generally accompanied by various clinical effects. In our case, despite the confirmed poisoning, no clinical sign was noticed. Fatal poisonings were reported with cocaine urinary concentrations of lower than that found in our patient.Conclusion: Asymptomatic cocaine poisoning with high cocaine levels in urine is of note.

Sufis weltanschauung is noticeably dialectical. This finds expression in mystical works, particularly the Masnavi, but in diverse symbolic and metaphorical molds. This article aims at a hermeneutical interpretation of The Fortress of Images, one of the most symbolic tales of the Masnavi, resting on this bedrock. If this interpretation proves to be what has been designated the "fusion of horizons" by Gadamer, the writer has achieved his goal.

Rupture of the free wall of the heart is one of the dangerous complications of myocardial infarction that usually results in death of the patient. Only a few limited number of cases have been reported to have survived for a long period after myocardial infarction, free cardiac wall rupture and the following pseudo aneurysm.In this case report, a rare case of pseudo aneurysm following silent MI in a 60-year-old diabetic woman that had occurred at an unspecified period of time is reported and on referral, the patient only complained of palpitations. With timely surgical intervention, the patient has returned to normal life.

With the assumption that normal orthography is regular, the present study seeks to find rules that determine the contexts in which certain consonants occur but are not pronounced. Twelve such consonants are detected and the contexts in which they are mute are determined. Then the related rules are formulated and their pedagogical implications are suggested.

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most vital elements for all living organisms which acts as a constituent of essential biomolecules such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, and phosphosugars, and as a major contributor to almost all metabolic reactions including photosynthesis, respiration, and energy delivery. It is one of the most needed nutrients for plant growth and development. Despite high levels of P in the soil, plants absorb it only in the soluble inorganic form of free phosphate ion (Pi) which is scarce in soil. Therefore, there has been a large demand for Pi fertilizers to secure crop yields, yet its deposition in soil and gradual run-off into water reservoirs lead to chains of events that cause irreversible damages to ecosystems. Researches, including genome-wide data analyses, have revealed interesting molecular aspects of plant adaptive strategies to deal with low Pi concentrations in soil. These include the higher expression of acid phosphatases and Pi transporters as well as the secretion of organic acids in the rhizosphere that maintain cellular Pi homeostasis in order to keep metabolic reactions running. Describing the cycle of Pi exchange between physical and biological worlds, the extent to which current agricultural practices are disturbing the cycle, the necessity of introducing lessdestructive methods of providing Pi, and alternative measures and solutions for sustainable agriculture will be discussed in this review.

Circassians are one of the ethnic groups in the South - West of the Caucasus who speak Circassian language which is one of the branches of the north-east Caucasus languages (Ebrian - Caucasian). This ethnic branch includes the Caucasian ethnic Abkhaz - Adygian group, which are nowadays divided in three republics in the north Caucasus Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay - Cherkessia and Adygeya. By using the title Circassia, we mean historical geography of Circassians that in the last 300 years has become the center of contention among Iran, Russia and Ottoman Empire. In the history, Circassians have always played a slavish role and Iranians and Ottomans have abused them. In this case, these people had the opportunity to penetrate the Iranian and Ottoman Courts and had a significant influence on the same historical events. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, their tendency to independence in this region started and Circassians entered a period of dispute. One of the largest struggles during these years was the conflict between Georgia and Abkhazia in which Circassian military forces, battled against Georgia.

Silence and speaking to the point are among the themes which have long been considered throughout the vast instructive mystical literature. The importance and the standpoint of silence in the domain of Persian literature from the past till present have been to such an extent that it has determined the life and the death of individuals, and have entailed their welfare or damnation. Poet and the prominent literary figure of Hindi style (Isfahani), Sa’eb Tabrizi relying upon the ideas and mystical thoughts of Moulana regarding silence and its three kinds such as (silent tongue and speaking mind, silent tongue and mind, silent mind and speaking tongue) and upon making use of poetic imageries such as allegorical simile and allusion in his divan, appropriately called “Khamoushi Nameh” could well fulfill his mission as a poet and master towards his own people and future generations. This article deals with silence along with presenting evidence from other poets.