Statement of Problem: Dental Unit Water Systems (DUWS) have been demonstrated to be contaminated with biofilms. This biofilm could be a site for growth and colonization of pathologic microorganisms. Purpose: The aim of this research was to measure the Total Cultivable Flora (TCF) in DUWS of Khorasgan dental school and the effect of stabilized chlorine dioxide on its reduction.Materials and Method: In this research, 60 samples of water from high speed turbines, air-water syringes, cavitrons and wash basins were collected. The samples were cultured in agar nutrition media and incubated for 5 days. After the incubation period, colonial counting was done by HPC method. In the next stage, stabilized chlorine dioxide was added in a container for each Unit and the samples were taken from air-water syringes, cavitrons and turbine outlets .As for the first stage, after 5 days of culture and incubation, the samples were observed under microscope for counting the bacterial colonies. Kruskal-Walis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: A high level of bacterial contamination (more than 200 CFU) was observed in high speed turbines, air-water syringes, cavitrons and wash basins. The highest colonial count was observed from cavitron and the lowest from washbasin outlets but the difference was not statistically significant .After using chlorine dioxide, the amount of bacterial colonies was significantly reduced (p <0.05). Conclusion: The amount of bacterial contamination in DUWS of Khorasgan dental school was higher than the accepted level .These bacteria were mainly opportunistic .The addition of an anti-bacterial agent in the DUWS will significantly reduce the bacterial count to an acceptable level.

Aim: This study was designed to assess the level of gram negative bacterial contamination in water supply of dental Units used at Shahid Beheshti University at the year 1999.Material and Methods: Water samples were obtained from water syringe lines and high - speed turbine lines of 30 dental Units which were initially selected on random manner. All samples were stored in sterile tubes containing 5cc nutrient broth followed by an incubation stage on EMB and MacCankey plates for 48 hours at 37oC. Bacterial colonies were then counted and compared with suggested limit by ADA.Results: Sections of first floor had shown. Psedomonas and staphylococcus contamination were seen in 37.5% of the samples collected form dental Units of surgical wards at first floor while 61.5% of the samples of dental Units of restorative wards (2nd floor) had staphylococcus contam E.coli and Entrococcus contamination were found in samples of or the/paedo clinic water supply samples in 75% of the cases.Conclusion: there appeared to be a relationship between the increase in the number of microorganisms and water stagnation on the upper floors of the building.

IntroductionIn order to achieve the management of health care information, each institution needs to an organized department called the medical records. The duties of such a department include supporting services such as continuity of patient care, management processes of the institution, medical education programs, medical research, etc. ... So, the evaluation of medical records services can be significant means to promote the quality and quantity of health systems. This study was conducted, aiming at studying the problems of medical records in Jahrom Hospitals (Motahari & Peymani) in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses. The results were presented to the relevant authoritiesMaterial and MethodsThis is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The subjects included the medical workers of Jahrom hospitals (Motahari & Peymani). Due to the limited number of samples, the whole commUnity was studied. Data were collected through 5 questionnaire, the validity of which was approved after consultation with the professors and medical record staff. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured using the Cronbach alpha which proved to be about 80%. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical softwdepartment had a good performance based on the findings. Also, performance in the studied admission and filing Units was normal. Finally, the coding Unit functioned favorable and the statistical Unit had a quite favorable performance.ConclusionThe necessity of the maintenance and report of the information in health care centers and designing a suitable place for the contact of patients with hospitals often requires special attention of the medical record and even hospitals managers. Therefore, Due to the importance of the productivity of human resources and variety in working process in medical record departments, using rotational and periodic systems of human resources can be effective factors in solving the problems of these departments.

Introduction: Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common problem among the admitted neonates in Intensive Care Units. In most of the patients, ARF accompanies with a predisposing factor such as sepsis, heart failure, perinatal asphyxia or prematurity. Due to the relatively high prevalence of ARF in neonates, the present study emphasizes on the fact that misdiagnosis and under treatment of ARF can lead to adverse complications. So, our objective is to find the frequency and etiology of renal failure among the admitted newborns in a NICU.Materials and Methods: In this study, the profiles of 2400 admitted newborns in the NICU of Bahman 22nd Hospital of Mashhad over a period of 5 years were reviewed. There were 50 newborns with the inclusion criteria of renal failure. Patients’ serum creatinin and urine volumes were measured and compared with a standard table. Finally, the data was analyzed by SPSS, setting a significance level of P£0.05.Results: The prevalence rate of ARF was found to be 2.1% with a rate of 2.3% among the male neonates and that of 1.8% among the females which was not significantly different (P=0.093). Concerning the type of renal failure, 18 neonates (36%) were diagnosed as renal ARF, 31 neonates (62%) as pre-renal ARF and 1 neonate (2%) as post-renal ARF. In this study, the most common causes of ARF were dehydration (28%), respiratory distress syndrome (18%), Icterous and poor feeding (16%), asphyxia (16%) and Infections (14%), respectively.Conclusion: Pre-renal factors, especially dehydration and poor feeding are the most common causes of acute renal failure in newborns.

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the efficiency of Clark Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph Model in regenerating flood Unit hydrograph in Bazoft watershed in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. The comparative evaluation is conducted between the 2h-Unit hydographs simulated using Clark model and the one obtained from averaging the observed ones. This comparison is made with the help of statistical criteria viz. relative error, root mean square of error, coefficient of efficiency and bias. It verified high level of compatibility between two Unit hydrographs using the dark model and the hydrograph obtained by averaging the observed data.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important pathogen in hospital acquired infections especially in intensive care Units (ICUs). This opportunistic pathogen can be easily isolated from water, soil, and hospital facilities. A.baumannii as a nosocomial opportunistic pathogen is resistant to wide range of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine frequency and resistance patterns of A.baumannii isolated ICUs of Isfahan Hospitals.Methods: During one year period (2012-2013), 350 specimens were collected from ICUs of Isfahan hospitals. The specimens were characterized as A .baumannii by conventional phenotypic and biochemical tests.The isolates were confirmed by PCR for OXA_51 like gene. Susceptibility of isolates was determined by standard disk diffusion method according to CLSI.Findings: From 350 specimens, 43 isolates was Acinetobacter baumannii .The antimicrobial patterns of isolates showed that 53.5% of isolates were resistant to amikacin, 83.7% to tetracyclin, 86% to ceftazidime, 90.7% to trimetoprim sulfametoxazol, 93% to imipenem, cefepime, meropenem, ampicillin -Sulbactam. All isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Our findings showed that all of Acinetobacter, isolated from the ICU of Isfahan hospitals were MDR.Conclusion: This study showed a high resistant of A.baumannii to a wide range of antimicrobial agent. It is necessary to adopt appropriate strategies to control the spread of the bacteria in care Unit centers and wards.