Rational discussion guides, but does not compel individual decisions, and the best process of inquiry and decision should vary with a person’s goals and situation. Sir Karl Popper noted that after a result of observation or experiment has been obtained by independent researchers, scientists agree to reject as false theories that are contradicted by accepted facts. Popper, though, wrongly assumed this consensus also applies to acceptance for purposes of research. In reality researchers develop competing theories about which evidence is currently in conflict, and sometimes even refuting the theories in their current form. Further, Popper asserted that only negative arguments should be used in rational inquiry. In reality, productive inquiry involves also positive arguments, even in science. Positive considerations such as which basic theories are justified by the researcher’s preferred metaphysics, or what theories in applied science are justified by existing accepted basic theories, are also used productively

Glottal stop occurrence was investigated in 46 simple and compound words with 2-3 repetitions in the speech of 5 male speakers of Persian of Tehran, Kerman, Yazd, Esfahan and Khorasan (Sabzevar) and statistical results based on acoustic observations were obtained. Findings showed that totally in the five varieties, the consonant appears as true closure or creaky voice, mostly word initially after pause, while in other positions compensatory lengthening, resyllabification or vowel hiatus are possible after its deletion. This phonetic variation is parallel with laryngeal phonation states and compatible with Persian phonological constraints whose rankings in the framework of Optimality Theory can account for the possibility of the consonant pronunciation as a phonetic unit of Persian language.

Abstract: We propose a generalisation of the Moore-Tachikawa varieties for the case in which the target category of the 2D TFT is a hyperkaehler quotient. The setup requires generalising the bordism operators of Moore and Segal to the case involving lack of reparametrisation-invariance on the Riemann surface, ultimately enabling to relate this to the issue of defining a Drinfeld center for composite class S theories.

“Millenarian orientation”, meaning believing in the imminent end of the current system of this world and the emergence of the government in its extreme goodness, harmony and justice in the world, has been the subject of study for the scholars of various sciences such as scholars in the field of theology, sociology, psychology, anthropology and political sciences, because the most important indicators of the “Millenarian orientists at first is the dissatisfaction with the status quo and then believing in the course of the world where justice, peace and prosperity is inclusive.Although the origin of the term dates back to the period before the ancient times, the growth and the development of this concept has formed in the Christianity and refers to the thousand-year Government of the Kingdom of God on earth. In general, the typologies related to the“Millenarian can be investigated in the two approaches of “secular”and “spiritual” which of course are similar to each other in some cases in spite of the difference in approach. This similarity indicates the fact that the type of the believed promised has had a significant impact on the “Millenarian -oriented movements.

In order to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of new potato varieties and to introduce proper varieties for processing, this study was carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for two years in Karaj. Seventeen varieties i.e. Jelli, Slani, Burren, Banba, Colombus, Sante, Agria, Akira, Aida, Arkola, Almera, Daisy, Cyclon, Lady Clayer, Lady Rozeta, Melodi, and Lady Florina were investigated. Dry matter and specific gravity (two weeks after harvest), sugar reduction (two weeks after harvest and two months after storage at 7oC and 85-90 % R.H.) and sensory parameters such as overall acceptability, color and crispiness (two weeks after harvest) were examined. Results revealed that the measured properties were significantly different. Changes in level of sugar reduction during storage were significantly different for the above varieties. The highest variation was related to the varieties containing lower level of sugar reduction at harvesting time. Lady Rozeta, Lady Clayer, Daisy, and Akira varieties had higher levels of dry matter while Akira had the highest specific gravity. Specific gravity was significantly correlated with dry matter and texture hardness of potatoes, but the level of reducing sugar was correlated inversely with specific gravity. The results of sensory analysis of chips indicated that Agria, Cyclon, Akira, Colombus and Jelli had the most overall acceptability respectively. Correlations between overall acceptability with the color and crispiness of chips were significantly positive. Overall acceptability showed stronger correlation with crispiness than that of for color. According to the findings of this research, it can be recommended that Jelli, Colombus, Agria varieties are suitable for french fries, Sante is appropriate for chips and Akira, Burren, Banba are good for other applications.