Background: Enteral nutrition through a Naso-Gastric (NG) tube is a technique often used for hospitalized patients who have problems with oral nutrition. It can reduce patients mortality and morbidity if be performed correctly. Several methods are used to reduce risk of misplacement of the tube. In present study, we suggest a type of guide wire for correct placement of NG tubes.Methods: It was a clinical trial study carried out in operation room of Al-Zahra hospital, Isfahan, on 60 patients. After abdominal incision, NG tube was placed using guide wire in first group (n=30) and without it in second group (n=30). Patients’ profiles, times of trial for tube placement, as well as complications were completely registered and analyzed by SPSS (ver.13).Findings: Mean age of patients was 44.9 years (rang: 18-60). The results show that the mean of trials in first group was 1.26, compared with 2.13  in second group (P-value: 0.011). Seven patients in first group and 11 patients in second group confronted with early complications during performing the procedure. These complications were tube entrapment in nasopharynx (16% in first group and 20% in second group), epistaxis (3% in both groups), and revolving of the tube (3% in first group and 13% in second group) (P-value>0.05).Conclusion: It seems that use of guide wire for placing the NG tube lead to lower misplacement of the device and may reduce the risk of further complications.

Cutting with high accuracy is possible using wire electrical discharge machining or WEDM. Nonetheless, while machining parts, amplitude of vibration causes inaccuracy of cutting. The main topic of this research is investigating the factors affecting amplitude of vibration of the wire-tool in WEDM using mathematical governing equation of motion of wire electrode. Hence, machining and finding ways to reduce the amplitude of vibration is the main purpose of this research. The consequence of reducing amplitude of wire vibration is cutting with higher accuracy and having smoother finished surface. In this research, the governing equations of motion of the wire-tool vibration are obtained using the Euler-Bernoulli beam model, fixed at both ends and moving in axial direction. The wire undergoes different forces including the body force produced by electrical discharge, damping force caused by the dielectric fluid, thermal force produced in the machining area and the axial force. Thereafter, the partial differential equation of motion of the wire-tool is converted to an ODE equation using Galerkin's method and then it will be solved using fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The results of this research show that the amplitude of vibration can be decreased by increasing the axial force and the decreasing of electrical discharge frequency, wire length, temperature differences and reduction of the workpiece width. Also, the results show that increasing the temperature by 70 degrees in the axial force of 17.5N can lead to a 60% increase in the vibration amplitude of the wire. Also, the results show that increasing the temperature by 70 degrees in the axial force of 17.5N can lead to a 60% increase in the vibration amplitude of the wire.

The wires used in the wire EDM process are of great importance in this new machining process as the cutting agent of the workpiece. Factors such as the diameter of these wires, their material, and their manufacturing method make their production simply not possible. In the upcoming research, a widely used type of Chinese wire in the domestic industry has been selected, examined, and analyzed. In the early stages of the research, the Chinese wire sample was elementally analyzed and its compounds were extracted, then it was subjected to a tensile test and its mechanical properties were also extracted. In the next steps, the wire was made with the aim of making a Chinese model by two methods of casting and extrusion and was again subjected to chemical analysis and tensile test. Also, in the final stage, all the wires made on the wire EDM machine were put under the same parameters and conditions and tested on a piece of work. The important innovation of the current research is in making wire EDM wire by extrusion method for mass production inside the country. The manufactured wire sample has up to 80% more strength than Chinese wire and is also 10 times softer than that, which increases the strength and softness of the wire leading to greater resistance of the wire and reducing the possibility of its tearing during machining operations.

In this paper, a new feeding structure is applied in the patch antenna design to overcome undesirable features of the earlier multilayer feeding structures while maintaining their interesting features.To more readily understand the operation mechanism of proposed feeding structure, an efficient circuit model has been also presented.It is known that proximity and aperture coupled feeding structures are sensitive to the transverse feed point location. In contrast, the proposed feeding architecture is very easy to fabricate and it overcomes the alignment difficulties arising from the proximity and aperture coupled feeding structures. The CST simulation results, analytic results and measurement ones show good agreement with each other. Moreover, a new miniaturization technique which is based on using High Impedance Wire (HIW) structures has been introduced. Due to their artificial high permeability properties, using proposed method, someone may miniaturize conventional patch antenna without bandwidth and efficiency corruption. Applying suggested method to the proposed antenna structure, two different feeding structures have been designed and compared. Finally, by using AMC structures to load HIW, more miniaturization factor has been achieved.

Central vein catheterization is a routine and relatively safe procedure in critically ill patients. Complications with this procedure depend to the site of catheterization and the skill of the operator. In addition to the common complications with femoral vein catheterization there are some rare usually preventable side effects related to guide wire and catheter. In our patient who underwent femoral catheterization for acute hemodialysis, we report migration of guide wire through the systemic circulation from the femoral vein to the jugular vein. This is a very rare complication that is a human error and is totally preventable by doing the procedure by a skilled doctor and considering the standards described for central vein catheter insertion.

Single staggered is a design development of normal wire and tube heat exchanger that wires are welded with staggered configuration on two sides. Capacity of wire and tube heat exchanger is the ability of the heat exchanger to release heat. The objective of this study is to analyse the effect of wire pitch (pw) on capacity of single staggered wire and tube heat exchanger. The research method uses Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation by ANSYS Fluent to analyse heat transfer of wire and tube; also to analyse airflow at surface the wire and tube. The simulation is experimentally validated by measuring temperatures at some points of wire and tube. Based on results, temperature contours increasing capacity of heat exchanger depend on smaller wire pitch that the highest value is 72.02 W at pw 7 mm. The reason is smaller wire pitch increases area of convection heat transfer surface. Whereas, airflow patterns show air move slowly at the wire and tube surface and flow with free convection. This study contributes new design of wire and tube heat exchanger with CFD and it can be applied to improve the performance of this heat exchanger in refrigeration system and other applications.

Introduction: A simple technique to dilate urethral stricture using guide wire and sheath dilator has been described in pediatric urology. The aim of this study was to report the long-term outcome of the children who underwent dilation of the urethral stricture using guide wire and sheath dilator.Materials and Methods: From 1999 to 2004, a total of 52 children with documented urethral stricture were managed by urethral dilation using guide wire. Data on the cause of urethral stricture, operation, postoperative recovery, followup cystoscopic appearance, and patient’s outcome were audited and analyzed.Results: The mean age of the patients was 5.6±2.3 years (range, 2 to 18 years). The mean period of the follow-up was 4.5±2.4 years (range, 3.8 to 6.5 years). Twenty-two patients (42.3%) did not require any further surgical treatments. However, urethral stricture in 13 patients (25.0%) progressed significantly, and therefore, they needed further surgical interventions. The complications included minor urinary tract infections in 3 and bladder spasm in 2 patients. No case of false passage or sepsis was encountered.Conclusion: Guide wire-assisted urethral dilation avoids the risks associated with blind dilation techniques and continues to be a safe alternative for urethral strictures in selected cases. However, in our experience, less than half of the patients became “recurrence free” after two dilation attempts. We recommend that urethral dilation be considered only in selected cases and emergency settings.

A Radiation of wire antennas has been of considerable concern. The equations which describe the behavior of the wire antennas are given by Pocklington and Hallen integral equations. These equations are in from of the first kind Fredholm integral equations with singular kernel. In this paper, we use the Haar wavelet for solving Hallen integral equations. The method is based on constructing the Haar wavelet to approximate the required solution for the wire antennas. The integral expressions that arise in the Hallen equations are converted into some algebric equations, thus greatly simplify the problem. The method yields to accurate results. As compared to the classical techniques, our method is simple and consumes less computer time. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the method and a comparison is made by the classical method of moments.      

From 01.07.2002 to 30.12.730 Colles’ fractures were treated in orthopedics/trauma unit of Rashid hospital, Dubai using different treatment modalities. Sixty of these fractures were treated as unstable cases and were managed by closed reduction, percutaneous K-wire fixation and plaster immobilization. There were 7 females (11.7%, mean age 38.14) and 52 males (88.3% mean age 37.32). Thirty of the fractures occurred on the right side and thirty on the left side (50% each). Thirty two of the fractures happened by falling from height, and 15 from simple falling on outstretched hand when walking. Thirteen fractures resulted from road accidents.The fractures were studied and analyzed using Frykman’s and Universal classifications. Two to 5 K. wires (mean 2.63) were used for percutaneous fixation of the fractures. Reductions were checked by measuring the radial angle, volar angle, dorsal angle, dorsal displacement, radial displacement, axial shortening and articular incongruity.Postoperatively 34 reductions and K. wire fixations were found in unacceptable positions (56.7%). Analysis of the fractures in Frykman’s classification showed a significant relation of Frykman’s type 1 and 2 fractures with acceptable results (P=0.037 and P=0.028 respectively). Also type II Universal classification showed a significant relation to acceptable results (P=0.003) but other types of Frykman’s or Universal classifications did not show meaningful results.Closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation remains an acceptable treatment for extra-articular Colles’ fractures but this study could not validate its use for intra-articular Colles’ fractures.