Background: Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative process involving changes in soft tissue and bone of intervertebral discs. Objective: To evaluate wrestling induced cervical spondylosis. Methods: 83 male wrestlers with the age range of 15 to 55 were randomly studied against 79 nonwrestlers of the same age. Clinical and radiological assessments were carried out and recorded in both groups. Wrestlers with clinical signs of CS and confirmed lateral radiograms were subjected to MRI studies to obviate any spinal cord changes. Findings: The findings indicated that wrestling coupled with advancing age can initiate the  process of CS. Cervical MRI of some wrestlers with long period of wrestling confirmed the pathologic changes of CS. Conclusion: It seems mandatory to have routine cervical radiographs to gauge the width of spinal canal and rule out stenosis to prevent the development of CS in young wrestlers.      

This research was applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection, which was done by survey method. The statistical population included the main stakeholders of the province's ship, 169 of whom were purposefully selected as a sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. After confirming the face and content validity by experts, its reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were equal to / 871, respectively. 0, 896, 0. 915 and 0. 841 were obtained. Data were analyzed through matrices of environmental analysis, internal evaluation, external evaluation, internal and external evaluation and Friedman test in SPSS16 software package version 16. The results showed that the board had 11 strengths and 18 weaknesses and faced 14 opportunities and 14 threats. Holding regular competitions at all levels away from any discrimination, lack of marketing; Motivated and talented young population, and the economic problems of the province as well as the financial problems of most athletes were the most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, respectively. The board was strategically conservative. Also, based on environmental analysis, a total of 15 strategies including 2 offensive strategies, 4 competitive strategies, 8 conservative strategies and 1 defensive strategy were developed for the province's wrestling staff. It is suggested that this board prioritize conservative strategies and provide the ground for the implementation of these strategies in the provincial wrestling board by formulating an appropriate action plan.

Wrestling has been popular since ancient times and it has been associated with many aspects of Iranian culture. In this regard, wrestling has been a physical ritual, and today it is performed at the national, indigenous, and local levels. This study focuses on the myths behind this ritual movement. It is aimed to explain the myths that have been the reason for the meaning, continuity, and the value of this movement as a ritual in Iranian folk culture throughout history via the analytical method. In ancient culture, a person who fought with the destructive forces of nature became the heroic archetype who created livelihood and security in a society and was respected by the people. This challenge with the antagonist also entered the arena of the enemies of Iran, and wrestling was a symbol of the action of the heroes who fought a duel to protect his land and its values; but what was suggested in Iranian culture was that these heroes, whose actions establish the security and order of the society, first, must clear their background as an antagonist, and voluntarily go into the battle with shadows. In Iranian society, this became a value and moral foundation for the heroic archetype and remained in the collective subconscious of the Iranian society, and in the festivals of folk culture where wrestling is held, all these values are projected on the wrestler character. This forms the kind of social identity and cohesion through which viewers receive love and self-fulfillment.

Improving Westling in Islamic Republic of Iran depends on long-term vision, which emphasize on the necessity for having strategic plan and long-term planning.In general, this plan should be developed due to the weaknesses and strengths of Westling in Iran, and it should be specified by the abilities of federation and Wrestling Associations of different provinces in the country.In the other hand, the possible threuts and opportunities for achieving the objectives of ideal vision are important in developing this plan, which notifies the desirable strategies and policies according to the ingredients of strategic plan and also investing enough attention to Wrestling in developed countries.The main objective of this research is to develop an: deal strategic plan for Wrestling in I.R.Iran with executing comparative studies, analyzing the weaknesses and strengths, and eventually developing strategies and the mission.For collecting the necessary data, 65 experts among the sport managers university professore and executive staff were selected (age 50.6±3.6 years of experiences 24.6±2.8). For comparative studies, the requisite data was collected from 6 countries including Germany, United States of America, Japan, Turkey, Canada and United Kingdom and also the International Wrestling Federation (FILA). For analyzing data, SWOT method and 4x4 matrix was used. In each square of the matrix, one of the effective aspects was applied in the system and it was finally verified and compared with other aspects.The mentioned aspects were human resources, financial resources, technology and information, in which the weaknesses, strengths, and opportunities for the organization were evaluated and the threats were notified in external and internal dimensions and assessed inside and 8 Research on Sport Science. No 14, 2006 outside the organization.After detecting the quadripartite aspects, the Freeman statistical method was used to choose the priorities in each matrix. The existence of scientific programs, modern and developed facilities in rival countries, and sufficient credits were determined as the threats. Organizing regular competitions among clubs and universities, and governmental organizational supports were determined as the opportunities for developing wrestling in I.R.Iran.The verified internal weaknesses were the lack of qualified managers in attention to the scientific principles in training and educating wrestlere, and finally look of merited and qualified coaches.Determining and identifying the internal and external aspects and other effective components in Wrestling was the main purpose of this research; and the findings of this study could be useful planning's with positive effects.

Background & Aims: Professional atheletes are more prone to upper respiratory tract infections during strenuous exercise. Alterations in saliva IgA concentrations are thought to be involved in the development of oral and upper respiratory tract infections. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of intensive exercise on saliva IgA in wrestlers.Material & Methods: Professional young wrestlers and sedentary controls (n=15; each) were recruited. Height, age, body mass, and fitness grade were recorded. Athletes were tested in stages including, the first and second five weeks of being trained and the recovery period. Controls did not engage in any type of formal exercise. Saliva IgA levels were measured by ELISA. Results: In a rested condition no differences were seen in IgA levels between athletes and control subjects. After 5 weeks of wrestling, IgA concentrations were markedly decreased in athletes than in the controls (P=0.087). In the test group IgA levels were even lower after 10 weeks of exercise compared to those at rest but it was not significant (P value=0.632). Conclusion: This study suggests that intensive wrestling alters saliva IgA production. It was revealed that there is a marked reduction in saliva IgA levels after 5 weeks of intensive activity. Although in second and recovery stages there was a difference in IgA level between two groups, it was not significant (P=0.632). As a result athletes were more prone to upper respiratory infections. It seems heavy training which may reflect a chronic suppression of lymphocyte antibody production.