The rapid aerial warning process can provide the air power with suitable devices to anticipate a potential threat and reconnoiter, intercept, control and destroy it before coming into actuality. The evident consequences of such process would be the active and effective control of the sky of the country against any vague and unidentified threats as well as preventing costly measures on the ground and away from the threatening area.This process could be used as a model for modeling of intelligence warning for security crises. The forming of this intelligence-security model consolidated measures is the primary result of this process so as to effectively use the systems of national power involved in operational scene aimed to unity and coordination among national component parts.The aim of this essay is to present a model of intelligence warning for security crises by taking advantage of the model of rapid aerial warning.This essay is based on exploring of foundation concepts of an intelligence model by utilizing of exploring – inductive technique which is a qualitative method.In national crises management accompany of uncertainty, the presence of the national warning system like The rapid aerial warning process in integral command and control system could able the political-security authorities to distinguish the proper point of responsive interference and takeover of crises and always prevention attacking and subsequent attack to the center of spreading insecurity and crises creation effectively manage if necessary.

The Information Protection Organizations is responsible for ensuring the security of the army It is evident that a significant part of foresight in preventing surprise and intelligence or security failures is made possible through timely protective warnings.For this purpose, the present study was conducted with the aim of “designing the information protection of the Army warning model”. The research is of an applied fundamental type, utilizing a qualitative approach based on grounded theory research methodology. Data collection methods in this study included fieldwork (unstructured deep interviews) and library research (documents, books, and academic journals), with qualitative analysis (grounded reasoning) used to examine the collected data. The statistical population consists of 21 individuals, including authorities, commanders, experts, and researchers from the Army and the Information Protection Organization, all of whom have a minimum service rank of 18, at least 30 years of service, and at least a Master's degree.The interviews were conducted using a snowball method to identify the interviewees and continued until theoretical saturation was reached. A total of 740 data points were extracted from the interview transcripts related to the research topic. To explain the information protection warning model, the data was analyzed and categorized using three stages of open, axial, and selective coding, which ultimately 95 indicators, 29 components, and 4 dimensions were extracted for the model under discussion.' Warning quality', 'warning domains, and 'warning tools' were introduced as the key dimensions of the research.

Background: Depleted uranium (DU), a waste product of uranium enrichment, has several civilian and military applications. It was used as armor, piercing, ammunition in international military conflicts and was claimed to contribute to health problems, known as the Gulf War syndrome and the Balkan syndrome. In this essay we discuss the use and production of depleted uranium and its effects on human health and also the way to reduce the side effect of these weapons will be discussed. Materials and methods: For this review article, we have searched through internet by the following key words; depleted uranium, uranium weapons. We have found more than 20 related articles. Results: Some soldiers, civilians and specially children who live in polluted area might suffer from kidney damage from depleted uranium if sufficient amount are breathed in, or contaminated soil and water are swallowed. The risk of cancer from internalized DU is comparable to other carcinogenic heavy metals. Since DU remains in air and objects people who live in polluted area will suffer from different genetic problems for many years. Conclusion: Our recommendations include annual water sampling in areas of high contamination, Frequent health evaluation of veterans who have been exposed to DU, environmental clean up, Survey of the outbreak of cancer, especially Lymphomas and Leukemia, in people who are in danger, participation of the responsible organizations and inhibition of production of such weapons

Drought is one of the atmospheric events that causes great casualties. In this study, the main goal of this research is long rang prediction of drought as large scale climatic signals data were used. Large scale climatic signals are among parameters that are used in analysis of seasonal and annual variations of temperature and precipitation. In this research, data of monthly Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Northern Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and Nino indices like NINO4, NINO3, NINO3.4 and NINO1+2 with ENSO phenomenon were used. All data concerning the above signals for the period 1960-2000 were received from National Center of Environmental Prediction (NCEP). To determine the most important effective signals on precipitation in different regions of the country, multi-regression method was used. Results of such a regression analysis showed that the most important signals causing precipitation are NINO1+2, and NINO3 indices. In this research, using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method, prediction of precipitation in simultaneous lead time periods of three and six months was done. Comparison of ANN model results with observed data showed that the wet periods correspond with warm phases of ENSO and negative NAO, whereas cold phases ENSO and positive NAO associate with drought years in Iran.

Today, the world has reached a new nature with advances in science. The Internet of Things is a technology that can connect all objects in different fields through the Internet. Some unforeseen event that destroys economic, social and physical capabilities and inflicts human and financial losses is known as a natural disaster, such as a tsunami. IoT-based tsunami forecasting system is an IoT smart device that acts as a tsunami alert and monitoring system and has the ability to communicate via the Internet. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies and research in the field of tsunami management with the approach of minimizing financial and human losses. In this study, first the tsunami is described and some IoT applications for tsunami detection are introduced, then the challenges of IoT-based algorithms used for the tsunami warning system are pointed out. It is hoped that tsunamis will be predicted early in the not-too-distant future and that tsunami detection, crisis management will be reduced using the Internet of Things.

The economic and social vulnerability of urban areas to seismic risk, because of the heavy tolls caused by earthquake, is very noticeable. Since it is not possible to accurately predict the earthquake occurrence with our current knowledge, then an Earthquake Early Warning System can significantly reduce and minimize the possible death toll. Using CDF (Probability Cumulative Distribution Function) this study aims at investigating the extent to which this Earthquake Early Warning System is implemented for the North Tabriz Fault so as to predict the time of On-Site warning time and Regional warning time in a probabilistic manner. To find out the areas and cities subject to risks of earthquakes, by earthquake simulation using a stochastic method, the peak ground motions of the earth (PGA) were calculated for the cities of northwest Iran. By the results of these calculations, high- priority areas were examined in this study.15 of the top priorities in terms of seismicity on the basis of strong ground motion (PGA) nature, cities such as Khoy, Varzaqan, Sarab, Tabriz, Qarah Zia od Din, Amand, Tekmeh Dash, Osku, Damirchi, Bostan abad, Sufian, Heris, Avin and Khvajeh were considered based on our study. The result of this study shows that the maximum Regional warning time in the cities of Khoy, Qarah Zia od Din, Avin, Bostan abad, Heris, Khvajeh, Sarab, Tekmeh Dash, Varzaqan, Damirchi, Tabriz were 19, 20, 21, 13, 17, 12, 19, 14, 15, 18, 10 seconds respectively. Due to the fact that for the stations with enough distance to the epicenter of the earthquake, the creation of Regional warning time only for distant cities is possible and implementable. The On-Site warning time for earthquakes close to the targets was also measured, as already was clear, it is not possible to establish considerable On-Site warning time for high-risk areas for North Tabriz Fault. It seems that this amount of time (Regional warning time) to set up Earthquake Early Warning Systems in the city of Tabriz where it is the fourth largest city of Iran and has about 1.4 million inhabitants and one of the largest Iranian industrial cities, the Regional warning time is under 10 seconds which in terms of economy, cost, time and energy, according to the existing station arrangement, will not be economical and vital. It has to be mentioned that the warning times were calculated using the existing seismic network geometry in the region. Here we have only calculated the warning times to at least some of the affected population and cities (15 of the top priorities in terms of seismicity on the basis of strong ground motion) in damaging and destructive earthquakes.

Background: Using different scores to predict the outcome of patients and determine the severity of their illness could be effective in making better clinical decisions and helping patients. The purpose of this study is to determine the predictive value of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) of in-hospital mortality in patients with a suicide attempt. Methods: In a diagnostic study, we included 453 patients with suicide attempts in the poisoning unit and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) poisoning unit of Sina Hospital from December 2019 to September 2021. Patients’,vital signs and level of consciousness were recorded and then analyzed by statistical methods. Results: The Mean±, SD of patients’,age was 31. 82±, 12. 28 and the mortality rate was 7. 7%. The median (25%-75%) of NEWS and MEWS in all patients was 4(2-7) and 2(1-3), respectively. Based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of NEWS, the Area Under The Curve (AUC) (CI95%), standard error, and cut off point were 0. 915(0. 876-0. 995), 0. 020, and 7. 5 respectively (85% sensitivity and 81% specificity) (P˂, 0. 001). The results of MEWS based on Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve were 0. 87 (0. 805-0. 932), 0. 033, and 3. 5 respectively (74% sensitivity and 84% specificity) (P˂, 0. 001). Conclusion: Based on our study results, we concluded that in hospitalized patients with suicide attempts, the accuracy of NEWS in predicting hospital mortality is higher than MEWS.