The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of generative learning teaching based to pattern cognitive Load on the memorization math of 7th grade students of in the academic year of 2021- 2022. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with four groups: two control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7th grade male and female students of District 2 of Mashhad city that 112 person sample was selected by single stage cluster sampling method. The subjects in the experimental group involved in generative learning based to cognitive Load in 16 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. The research instrument consisted of a 20-questions researcher-made test. To analyze the obtained data, Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 24 software were used. The results showed that generative learning teaching based to approach cognitive Load have a positive and significant effect on 7th grade students' memorization math. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that one of the effective training on math memorization students is the use of generative learning on the based load cognitive pattern.

Organ dose and effective dose were estimated for one hundred patients (50 males and 50 females) who were reffered to Mashhad Ghaem Hospital for chest X-ray examination.ODS-60 software was employed for organ dose calculation. This software is capable of computing absorbed dose of 26 organs as well as effective dose. This programme is based on the ICRP-60 recommendation and Monte Carlo technique. Our results show that in PA chest X-ray lung absorbs the highest dose. The average value for males and females equals to 1.01± 0.14 and 0.58±0.10 mGy respectively. The resulting effective dose for men and women are equal to 0.246 ±0.034 and 0.178±0.033 mSv accordingly.Effective doses obtained from this research were compared with the results of other workers, also with NRPB national reference dose levels. It is concluded that effective dose as computed in this work is several times higher than similar quantities published by other workers. It implies that X-ray diagnostic procedures in Mashhad Ghaem Hospital should be re-examined and all efforts have to be made to reduce patient dose.

This article aims at cultivating the ways effective communication can be established. Communication is a process through which the listener (or the reader) interprets the text produced by the speaker (or the writer) to get the message intended. The interlocutors are different in terms of their mental treasuries and they cannot express their intentions efficiently. Besides, listeners ( or readers) interpret texts differently due to the differences in their background knowledge. The more the differences between the intentions of the speaker (or of the writer) and the inferences of the listener (or the reader) are minimized the more effective communication is going to take place. The competency in the four language skills -- listening, speaking, reading and writing -- naturally affect effective communication. Thus language learners should be trained in a way to minimize the differences between the intentions of the speaker (or of the writer) and the inferences of the listener (or of the reader). This article introduces certain strategies towards achieving this objective.

The objective of this paper is to explore some of the characteristics of effective teachings in higher education, especially in the nursing schools at medical sciences universities. In this article, first, characteristics of effective teaching in general and in Nursing Schools in specific have been attended to.. In the end, some of the specifications such as the teacher's interpersonal style, teaching strategies, communication style, use of one's experiences in teaching, evaluation and feedback to effective teaching by Nursing instructors, especially as perceived from the perspectives of students, were drafted with an emphasis on the interrelationship between teachers and students in theoretical as well as practical fields. Furthermore, emphasis has been placed in this paper on creating new and innovative thought in instructors of nursing so that they can activate students further in theoretical and practical areas.