Every single word and sentence of eloquent words have been selected and arranged in a purposeful and logical way. The Quranic researchers have sought to discover the way of relation and the philosophy of the arrangement (order and formation) of the Qur'anic verses since the Quran is the most eloquent word. The process (semantic relations) is also defined in this way in order to provide a simple understanding of how the verses of the Qur'anic chapters are related. The content of each sura is divided into several semantic domains and the relationship between these relations is examined based on this new process. In this paper, the process (semantic relations) is adapted to the two suras (Arabic: سورة, chapters) of Ash-Shams (Arabic: الشمس) and al-Layl (Arabic: اللیل) in a descriptive analytical method to find an answer to the question of how the application of the process of semantic relations leads to the discovery of the textual coherence of Suras Ash-Shams and al-Layl. Finally, it is concluded that there is a central semantic relation in each of these two surahs that the rest of the relations are arranged in different methods of expressing in order to prove or believability and better understanding of that central meaning.

Making “ definitions” , as a part of micro structure, is perhaps the chief function of a monolingual dictionary, which can be performed in various styles depending on the purpose of dictionary and its users’ perspectives. Apart from the theoretical aspect of definitions as an extensive catalogue of meanings in a language, they behold a more practical function which is sorting out the communicative needs of dictionary users. These needs are met in terms of “ decoding” or and “ encoding” of diction ary lemmas. One of the definition formulas in dictionary compiling is applying semantic relations, through which both decoding and encoding can be characterized. ...

The present study aimed to highlight anthropological relations in the semantic hermeneutics. In so doing, semantic hermeneutics is initially defined and the semantic relationship between hermeneutics, interpretation and exegesis is clarified via general and specific definition of interpretation. The paper then discusses positive and negative views of Ibn Arabi on hermeneutics and clarifies personal qualities necessary for hermeneutics. According to Ibn Arabi, hermeneutics is an ontological term about the correspondence of which three books of generation, compilation and the book of soul could be investigated. In other words, all three books manifest the Divine Presence and he is the one who is the interpretation and truth of all three manifestations. Faith, piety and observing the divine law along with perceptiveness, divine sagacity and liberty are the main qualities of an interpreter. The knowledge of a man of hermeneutics is the true faith type and this is another proof for the fact that hermeneutics is not an acquisitive or theoretical science but is in the category of presence and discovery. The emphasis this great mystic had on acquisition of existential qualifications in an interpreter demonstrates his anthropological view on hermeneutics. The present paper concludes that practical philosophy and endeavor are two positive and negative approaches Ibn Arabi had toward dominant hermeneutics.

Discovering Communities is a fundamental problem in understanding network performance for social network analysis. Traditional community detection methods merely consider the network topologies. Nonetheless, social media contains valuable data about people's interests, concerns, and sentiments, which is not reflected in the structure. The semantic solutions eventuate to the mislay of precious structural information. Most existing combinatorial methods favor one of the mentioned kinds and have limited performance. This paper introduces a 2-phase way based on fuzzy inferences to determine effective social network communities.  A series of real-life and synthetic networks have been used to evaluate the proposed method compared with several relevant algorithms. The experimental results proved that the proposed approach performs better in detecting meaningful communities and is more effective concerning network coherence and node attributes.

The term "tuba" is only used once in the Holy Quran: Chapter Ar-Ra'd, Verse 29. Yet, no in-depth research has been carried out on the term so far. The former semantic studies about the term revealed ten classifications of various senses of "tuba". And the findings were exactly transferred to the holy Quran commentaries. Throughout history, new senses have been found and added to the classifications. However, it goes without saying that there are serious doubts about some of those findings. Thus, it is imperative to carry out a comprehensive semantic study on the term. "Tuba" is non-Arabic and sounds more like Syriac or Indian. Reviewing the etymology of the term during pre and post-Islamic periods and focusing on verse 29 of chapter Ar-Ra'd lead to the three main senses of heaven, ghebteh (to covet), and happiness. These three senses are known as superior senses that shed light on the term.

In Iranian folk short stories, there is a possibility for the existence of more than one subject. Without a shadow of doubt, these subjects, with regards to the Semantic horizon and their action process path, are in interation with each other. According to this matter, the question addressing the kinds of relations between subjects has been proposed. Furthermore, how the semantic horizon followed by subjects affect the relations among them. With that in mind, this research, imposing an analytic- descriptive method and affected by Semi-Semantic discourse approach in classical narratives, tries to consider and analyze the quality of relations among subjects in Iranian folk short stories by considering 661 present subjects in the collection of Iranian folk stories that include 201 collected stories by Seyyed Abolghasem Enjavi Shirazi in a collection of four volumes. The results of this research indicate that these stories have formulated 13 types of relations among subjects comprising; coexistence, confluence, divergence, confrontation, interaction, alignment, excellence/failure, object/subject, understanding, dialogue, imitation, self- sufficiency, and competition. According to the Semantic horizon component that determines the quality of the relations among subjects, these relations, in most cases, have changed and, as a result, 34 communication chains from one to eight rings have been formed among subjects.Introduction:In Iranian folk short stories, there may be more than one subject. Undoutedly, these subject are in interaction with each other interms of the semantic horizon and their path of action process. According to this matter, it is proposed that the type of interactiosn between subjects and the way the semantic horizon followed by subjects impacts this interaction are the two subjects which turn out to be worth-mentioning.Methodology:This research, having an analytic-discriptive procedure, is effected by the semi- semantic discourse approach in classical narartives in which the relations among 661 subjects (characters who want to possess an object, repossess, or protect it) in 201 stories from a four volume collection of Iranian folk short stories are considered. These stories had been collected by Seyyed Abolghasem Enjavi Shirazi. In this research, prior to anything, the kinds of relations among subjects and  their frequency are determined and, followed by that, the relation chains among subjects and their frequency are explained which are formed in these storeis.Results and Discussion:The results revea that in these stories 13 types of relations have been formed among subjects: coexistence, confluence, divergence, confrontation, interaction, alignment, excellence/failure, object/subject, understanding, dialogue, imitation, self- sufficiency and competition. According to the Semantic horizon component that determines the quality of the relations among subjects, these relations, in most cases, have changed and, as a result, 34 communication chains of one to eight rings have been formed among subjects.Conclusion:The result of this research reveals that object and possessing, repossessing, or protecting that, which causes to creation and forming the relations among subjects. This process causes to forming different relation chains among subjects.

Education as a basic human need plays a crucial role in fulfillment of potentials, moral excellence and achieving a virtuous life. Despite the central position of the concept of education in the Islamic thought, there has not been separate research on semantic relations of the term education in Imam Ali (PBUH)’s speech. Using qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis, the present study has systemically examined terms and concepts related to education in two main sources Nahj al-Balagha (The Path of Eloquence) and Ghurar al-Hikam wa-Durar al-Kalim (Exalted Aphorisms and Pearls of Speech). The analysis was conducted on the level of terms, themes and semantic network in order to draw up a more precise conceptual structure of education in Imam Ali (PBUH)’s speech. Research findings show that education in Imam Ali (PBUH)’s intellectual constellation is a multifaceted, dynamic, and network-based concept encompassing all existential aspects of human being. In addition to terms and themes which are directly concerned with the subject of education, such fundamental concepts as purification of the soul, teaching the scripture, guidance, growing up, salutary lessons, order, and role model are connected to the semantic system of education in Imam Ali (PBUH)’s speech and placed in its conceptual framework. Thus, education is not only a matter of moral or behavioral development of individuals, but also a process targeting human beings’ demeanor, action and views. Recognizing the semantic relations can lay the ground for reforming the structure of religious education and designing educational models drawing upon Imam Ali (PBUH)’s wisdom

The aim of this research is to study the relations between personality types (introverted and extroverted), intelligence, sexuality and semantic conditioning.For this purpose, 94 subjects were selected through systematic random sampling from among the students of the first and second semesters of psychology at Islamic Azad University of Roudhen. Eysenck personality test and Raven IQ test were done on subjects. Then 25 words were randomly presented through tape recorder in four stages to the subjects. The subjects received electrical shock when hearing 9 works from the list. After conditioning of the subjects to these words, 25 other words were randomly presented among which there were 9 synonym words with the works which were presented with electrical shock. Electrical response of skin of subjects was measured when presenting the synonym words and at the end, one grade was obtained for each subject as conditioning index. Analysis of data by multi-variable regression test showed that there a significant relation between the variable of personality type and conditioning only (P<01.1). Bilateral variance analysis for each variable showed that their interaction doesn’t influence semantic conditioning (P>0.05). Also, there was no difference in terms of semantic conditioning between girls and boys and intelligent persons and those with average IQ (P>0.05). But there was a significant difference in terms of semantic conditioning between introverted and extroverted groups (P>0.01). So, we can conclude that the introverted subjects are conditioned faster that extroverted subjects and intelligence and sexuality variables have no relation with the semantic conditioning.