Political Islam is the only active religion discourse in the world claiming to have program for Religion and the Muslim world and to achieve this goal it must gain political power. From its existence the dialogue has triggered different experiences in Islamic countries. The most important victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 and Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood movement was to seize power in 2011 in a democratic way. Islamic Revolution in Iran could have been hegemon in the minds and language of people, But Muslim Brotherhood has a history of more combat power during activity which always has failed. To find the reason of success for Islamic Revolution in 1979 and the failure of the Muslim Brotherhood movement between the years 2011-2013 as two identical understanding of political Islam, is the purpose of the present paper. The question raised in this situation is: what are the advantages of political Islam dialogue in Iran that lack of them for The Muslim Brotherhood movement has caused a failure to gain political power? The findings of the present paper, gained based on Laclau, and Mouffe's discourse analysis, indicate that since the Muslim Brotherhood movement emphasizes on eclectic knowledge, has no evidence of superior leader like Imam Khomeini, and has no signs of the supreme leadership and the inability to control structural power centers, Failed to gain political developments in Egypt during the 2011-2013, and failed to maintain its sovereignty in the political arena facing with military crises and ultimately has pushed into margin.

Wind turbines operate mostly in yaw conditions that give rise to cyclic variations in aerodynamic forces applied on the blade. This induced load fluctuation is closely related to the upstream velocity field of the rotor and can be a significant source of fatigue and vibration. An accurate prediction of blade loading is considered the key in designing reliable and efficient wind turbines. The related calculation remains a complicated task to perform and requires enormous computing time. In this context, a numerical method is presented, aimed at evaluating the azimuthal fluctuation of the normal force. This method is obtained by coupling the Beddoes near-wake model and the free-wake method: the near-wake-induced velocities are calculated using Beddoes near-wake model with the far-wake contribution evaluated using the free-wake method. In addition, the unsteady effects on the aerodynamic coefficients are taken into account using the Beddoes-Leishman dynamic stall model. A computer code was developed, and numerical values were obtained in acceptable computational time. Results are compared with measurements performed in the NASA Ames wind tunnel.

The small microwave skin depth of sea water as well as the small penetration depth of laser signal in water impose limitations on the application of SAR and Lidar in sea surveillance systems. On the other hand, vessels travelling at sea bring about hydrodynamic anomalies in the sea water called as wake. These hydrodynamic disturbances can be detected by using some techniques such as airborne radio imaging and Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic signal processing. In practice, the motion of conductive sea water anomalies in the natural earth's magnetic field induces ELF magnetic wakes which can be measured via accurate magnetic sensors and detected through signal processing schemes. The physical properties of the hydrodynamic wake as well as those relating to the corresponding magnetic wake are directly related to the vessel parameters such as hull shape, speed and heading. In this work, we firstly derive and formulate the mathematical expressions relating to the aforementioned hydrodynamic and magnetic wakes. By employing derived expressions, a novel detection scheme is proposed based on constructing the 2-dimentional image of the vessel’, s magnetic wake through the magnetic signals captured from an array of magnetic sensors, and finally, the relation between the spectral image of the magnetic wake and the vessel heading is studied. We will show that our proposed scheme can detect the existence of a remote vessel as well as its heading from the constructed image with high accuracy, and moreover, it does not have common limitations of existing single-sensor based heading detection schemes.

Background: Life style Changes during Ramadan month could possibly affect sleep-related behaviors such as total daily sleep time, sleep and wake up time and brain waves. In addition, Spirituality and religiosity have a marvelous influence on mental health and effective solutions against stress are being religious and believe in God. This review discusses the results of all related studies about possible effects of Ramadan fasting on various aspects of sleep pattern and mental health.Methods: keywords such as 'Ramadan', 'Ramadan Fasting', 'Islamic Fasting', 'Fasting in Ramadan' and Fasting along Sleep, Chronotype, Sleep Latency, REM, NREM, Brain Wave, Psychology, Mental health, Religion, Mood, Depression, Social interaction, Depressive illness, Psychomotor performances, Bipolar disorders, Accident, Mania, Anxiety and Stress were searched via PubMed database, Scientific Information Datebas (SID) and also some local journals, hence, 103 related articles from 1972 until 2010 were studied.Results: The results of studies about the effects of Ramadan fasting on sleep pattern is not similar and these differences could be due to cultural and life style discrepancy in several countries. Fasting during Ramadan could lead to delay in sleep-wake cycle, decrease in deep sleep and lack of awareness during the day.Conclusion: There are various reasons such as dietary pattern, hormonal changes and also stress which could alter the quantity and quality of sleep during Ramadan. Also, according to the available information, there is a relationship between fasting and mental health.

Field of sleep medicine has evolved significantly and undergone tremendous growth during last three decades. Early case reports and case series discussed the typical hypoventilation in sleepy, red-faced, morbidly obese individuals known as Pickwickian Syndrome after Charles Dickens’s fictional character “Joe, the fat boy”. Symptomatic obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) afflicts an estimated 4 percent of men and 2 percent of women aged 30-70 years….