NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT, HEALTHY EARTH | Year:2016 | دوره:1 |Papers Count:6

DATES AS A FOOD WITH HIGH ENERGY IS USED AROUND THE WORLD. IRAN IS ONE OF THE LARGEST PRODUCERS OF DATES WITH AN AVERAGE PRODUCTION OF MORE THAN ONE MILLION TONS PER YEAR. ONE OF THE DATE PRODUCERS̕ S PROBLEMS IS CONTAMINATION WITH PESTS MOLD AND YEAST. CONVENTIONALLY, METHYL BROMIDE AND PHOSPHINE ARE USED FOR DATE DISINFECTION BUT THE TOXIC SIDE EFFECTS OF THESE USUAL DISINFECTANTS HAVE LED FOOD SCIENTISTS TO CONSIDER SAFER AGENTS SUCH AS OZONE. IN 1997, OZONE WAS RECOGNIZED AS A SAFE DISINFECTANT BY FDA AND IT WAS ALLOWED FOR DIRECT CONTACT WITH FOOD IN MANY COUNTRIES. THE PRESENT STUDY IS A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMED STUDIES ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF REPLACING COMMON DISINFECTANTS WITH OZONE FOR MICROBIAL LOAD REDUCTION, IMPROVING DATE QUALITY, INCREASING THE SHELF-LIFE OF PRODUCT. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT OZONATION IS A SUITABLE METHOD FOR DATE MICROBIAL SAFETY AND SHELF-LIFE INCREASE.

IN THIS STUDY, IT HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED THE EFFECT OF CORIOLIS FORCE ON A FLUID MOTION SUCH AS KARUN RIVER. THIS FORCE BY THE EARTH’S ROTATION ORIGIN AROUND ITS AXIS DURING A SOLAR DAY, HAS A LONG TERM IMPACT WHICH CAN CHANGE THE STRUCTURAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER AS A PRECIOUS LIFE AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENT. FOR THIS REASON, THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND SETTING A POTENTIAL WATER, REQUIRES A COMPREHENSIVE IDEOLOGY, IN TERMS OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL OBJECTIVES WHICH LEADS TO CONTROL, OPTIMAL UTILIZATION, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. IN THIS STUDY, IT IS STATED THE EXCELLENCE OF RIGHT SIDE OF A FLOWING RIVER IN IRAN BY REFERRING TO MATHEMATICAL RELATIONSHIPS. BY USING FEATURES OF GOOGLE EARTH PRO, IT WAS CALCULATED THE DECLINATION OF KARUN BASIN TO THE RIGHT WATERSHED IN THE 5-KILOMETER INTERVALS. THE LENGTH OF KARUN RIVER WAS OBTAINED ABOUT 448 KM LONGER THAN THE DISTANCE FROM SOURCE TO DESTINATION. ALTHOUGH THE LOGIC OF MATHEMATICS, THE GRADUAL CHANGE OF PATH CONNECTS THE CORIOLIS FORCE, BUT BY CONSIDERING THE FLUID NATURE, THE EFFECTS OF FRICTION AND THE GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL FORCE CANNOT BE IGNORED. ALTHOUGH EXAMPLES DUE TO NEGLECT THIS FORCE EFFECTS CAN BE SUBMERGED LANDS OF VILLAGES AND THE GRADUAL POLITICAL CHANGES OF THE COUNTRY BORDER WITH REGARD TO THE DEPOSITION OF THE RIVER.

MAGNETIC FIELDS ARE THE IMPORTANT AND COMPLICATED SOURCES OF ENERGY THAT CAN EFFECT ON BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES. LIVING ORGANISMS WITH HAVING IONS AND FREE RADICALS THROUGH THIS FIELDS ARE VERY IMPRESSIBLE FOR THIS REASON STUDY ON EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELDS ON THE GROWTH OF PLANTS, ATTRACTED ATTENTION OF MANY SCIENTISTS. THE GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF MAGNETIC FIELDS (0.9MT) IN PERIOD OF 5DAYS AND 5 NON- CONSECUTIVE FIELD ON THE TISSUE CULTURE PLANT OF AFRICAN VIOLET. FOR DO THIS RESEARCH, ACCOMPLISHED A FACTORIAL EXPERIMENT BASED ON COMPLETELY RANDOMIZED DESIGN IN 9 REPLICATIONS. EXPLANTS WERE CULTURED IN TWO MEDIUMS WITH IBA AND BAP HORMONES (1AND 3MG/LIT) AND IN MS MEDIUM (WITHOUT ANY HORMONES) RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE NUMBER AND LENGTH OF NEW STEMS FROM THE SEMI CALLUS IN THE (1AND 3MG) PER LITER OF IBA AND BAP HORMONES AND THE NUMBER AND LENGTH OF LEAVES FROM EXPLANTS OF MS MEDIUM SIGNIFICANTLY IN DIFFERENT MEDIUM AND TIMES OF ATTENDANCE INTENSITY OF MAGNETIC FIELD WERE DIFFERENCE, IF THE DRY WEIGHT OF SAMPLES IN ANY OF THE TREATMENTS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT COMPARED TO THE CONTROL.

THE POSSIBILITY OF PATHOGENIC FUNGI STUDIED ON LACTUCA SERRIOLA IN THE LABORATORY AND GREENHOUSE OF ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY- ARAK BRANCH AT 2012-13. MYCOHERBICIDE ACTIVITY OF THE FUNGI WHICH RESULTED FINALY TO INTRADUCING THE ISOLATE 1 OF ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA AS A BIOLOGIC CONTROL AGENT FOR THE WEED. RESULT OF THIS STUDY INDICATED THAT THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN USED FUNGUS AND GLYFOSATE FUNGICIDE (AS A CHEMICAL FUNGICIDE) IN DRY WEIGHT OF ROOT (GR) AND TOTAL DRY WEIGHT ROOT IN %1 AND %5 SUBSEQUENTLY. DISEASE SEVERITY IN THE ISOLATE A1WAS SIGNIFICANTLY MORE THAN THE OTHERS.

SAVORY OIL (SATUREJA SPP.) HAS A SPECIAL POSITION AMONG MEDICINAL PLANTS BECAUSE OF THEIRE VALUABLE COMPONENT CARVACROL AND THYMOL. THE AIM OF STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF EFFECTIVE MATERIALS OF DIFFERENT ACCESSIONS OF SATUREJA MACRANTHA. AT FIRST SAVORY SEEDS WERE COLLECTED FROM NATURAL HABITATES AND PREPARED SEEDLINGS IN UNRANDOMIZED COMPLETE BLOCK DESIGEN WITH THREE REPLICATIONS IN, PLANTED IN KHORRAMABAD. THEIR FLOWERING ARIAL PARTS WERE COLLECTED DURING TWO CONSECUTIVE YEARS AFTER PLANTING, AFTER DRYING IN THE LAB WERE DISTILLATION BY HYDRODISTILATION METHOD. THE YIELD WERE CALCULATED. CONSTITUENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS COMPONENTS USING ANALYTICAL GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (GC) AND GAS CHROMOROGRAPH CONNECTED TO A MASS SPECTROMETER (GC/MS) AND RETENTION INDEX WERE MEASURED AND IDENTIFIED. MAJOR CONSTITUENTS OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF DIFFERENT ACCESSIONS OF S. MACRANTHA WERE CARVACROL, THYMOL, P-CYMENE AND Ɣ-TERPINENE, THAT HAVE DIFFERENT VALUES IN DIFFERENT ACCESSIONS. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT ALL INVESTIGATED ACCESSIONS GROWTH AND PLANT ESTABLISHMENT, GRADUALLY INCREASED YIELDS OF ESSENTIAL OILS. QUALITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS WITH INCREASING PLANT AGE IN S. MACRANTHA, ACCESSIONS 3, IMPROVED. SO THAT THE TWO YEARS OLD PLANTS WITH HIGHER YIELDS AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS THYMOL AND CARVACROL WERE MORE THAN ANNUAL PLANTS. ACCORDING TO THE TWO YEARS AND REVIEW OF 3 ACCESSIONS BASED ON ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF KHORRAMABAD S. MACRANTHA (4), WAS THE BEST. REMOVED AND THE GRADUAL APPEARANCE OF SOME ESSENTIAL OIL NON MAJOR COMPOUNDS DURING PLANT GROWTH, SHOWED DETERMINATION AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PLANT OILS GROWN IN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER PLANTING CANNOT BE INVOKED TO GENERATE RESULTS, AND TO ACHIVE ACCEPTABLE RESULTS AT THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF OIL IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE FOR SEVERAL CONSECUTIVE YEARS.

LICHENS ARE ORGANISMS THAT HAVE EMERGED ABOUT FOUR HUNDRED MILLION YEARS AGO AND DURING THE DEVONIAN PERIOD. LICHENS ARE COMPLEX ORGANISMS THAT ARE COMPOSED OF A FUNGUS AND A PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARTNER THAT LIVE IN A SYMBIOTIC. LICHENS HAVE A WIDE DISTRIBUTION AND ARE COMPATIBLE WITH ANY TYPE OF WEATHER CONDITIONS. THESE ORGANISMS GROW WELL ON CALCIUM STONES, AND HAVE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ON MINERAL COMPOSITIONS IN ROCKS. SINCE LICHENS LIVE ON STONE SURFACES AND OLD BUILDINGS, THEY CAN DO IRREPARABLE DAMAGES TO THESE STRUCTURES. IN RECENT YEARS, MULTI-PURPOSE METHODS HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AS BIOCIDES FOR LICHEN REMOVAL OF HISTORIC STONE SURFACES. THESE METHODS IN ADDITION TO CLEANING AND CONSERVATION OF BIO DETERIORATION OF STONEWORK’S, ALSO CAN THE LICHENS BIO-PROTECT AS A PART OF NATURE AND ECOSYSTEMS.