Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Year:2011 | Volume:8 | Issue:4 (SERIAL NUMBER 32)|Papers Count:17

Objective: Previous studies have reported that the number of dopaminergic neurons surviving in the grafts is critical for functional recovery in Parkinson disease. Free radical mediated damage has been reported to contribute significantly towards low survival of grafted dopaminergic neurons, post transplantation. In the present study, an attempt has been to explore the neuroprotective potential of the combination of coenzyme Q10 and transplantation of mesenchaimal stem cells in rat model of parkinson’s disease (PD).Materials and Methods: In this experimental study of male Wistar rats that had been divided into six groups were used: Groups, control, sham, lesion, treatment with oral administration of CoQ10, treatment with graft BMSC and combined treatment with graft BMSC and oral administration of CoQ10. Oral administration of CoQ10 was started one week before the model creation procedure and continued during the whole treatment period. The laboratory model of Parkinson disease in rats was performed by injection 6-OHDA in substantia nigra pars compacta. the end of second month of treatment molecular Studies were performed.Results: Molecular assessment Showed that TH gene expression levels in the combined therapy group was significantly different with other experimental groups (p<0.001).Conclusion: The combined use of two neuroprotective treatment and replacement therapy can have a more effective role in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease in comparison to single treatment protocols.

Background: Postural abnormalities are one of the factors influencing on respiratory flow and Lung capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Postural abnormalities on spirometric indices in students.Materials and Methods: 36 volunteer students (19 males and 17 females) with age ranged 15-19 years old through simple non-probability sampling were selected and their Lumbar Lordosis (from 12th thoracic vertebrae spinal process to 2nd Sacral vertebrae spinal process) and thoracic kyphosis (from 4-12th thoracic vertebrae spinal process) degrees measured via flexible ruler Model Mark Kidos. Subjects Spiro metric indices such as (PEF, FEF25%, FEF25%-50%, FEF50%, FEF75%, FVC, FEV1) measured via spirometer Model Spiro lab II. One way ANOVA and POSTHOC TUKEY test were used for statistical Analysis.Results: Results showed that subjects with kyphosis abnormality have the lowest respiratory flow and Lung capacity and subjects with normal posture have the highest respiratory flow and Lung capacity. Spirometric indices such as PEF1, FEV, FVC were statistically significant differences between kyphosis and lordosis abnormality groups (p=0.004, p=0.002, p=0.002 respectively), but there weren’t significant differences between other indices (FEF25% (p=0.114), FEF25-75% (p=0.112), FEF50% (p=0.112), FEF75% (p=0.130) respectively).Conclusions: Based on this study results, we concluded that the spirometric indices changed with different Postural abnormalities.

Background: According to the recent changing pattern of HIV transmission from shard needle among addicts to unprotected sex in Iran and considering the importance of education in health issues, we conducted this study to assess the knowledge of military service personnel regarding HIV/AIDS and the impact of education on it.Materials and Methods: In an Army Land force Unit, 232 individuals’ knowledge have been evaluated before and after an one-hour-length tutorial session using hand-out questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 16 software.Results: Television and school/university courses had the highest and family the lowest impact on the knowledge of enrolled people (48.3%, 13.8% and 0.9%, respectively). In addition, the level of their knowledge has been increased from 87.3% (SD 8.7) to 79.2% (SD 13.8) which showed a significant difference (P<0.01).Conclusion: Face to face education maximizes the knowledge of military service staff and can be effectively used during this period to avoid further complications. Moreover, courses are mandatory in television and family programs to control the alarming rise of HIV infections.

Background: This research is about the relationship between Cognitive Emotion Regulation Styles and General Health in C.A students of Tabriz University.Materials and Methods: The subjects of this research are 300 students of Tabriz University that were selected through simple random sampling. Then they were administered cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) and general health questionnaire (GHQ). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlational coefficient, stepwise regression analysis, independent t test, and one-way analysis of variance.Results: The results indicated significant relation between cognitive emotion regulation styles and psychological health. Catastrophising and blaming others styles, belonged to maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation and positive refocusing, and positive reappraisal styles belonged to adaptive cognitive emotion regulation were significant predictors of psychological health. The catastrophising style did have more roles in predicting the psychological health. Also it is revealed that boys more than girls’ use self blame style but they have more psychological health than girls as well.Conclusion: Cognitive emotion regulation styles are useful for behavioral interventions.

Background: Postpartum depression endangers mother’s health and has negative effect on her social communication and infant development. Assertiveness is a part of life skills that improve depression. Therefore, this study was done aiming at determining the effect of assertiveness on postpartum depression.Materials and Menthods: This Study was a semi-exprimental, witch was accomplished in Fateme Zahra hospital in Najafabad. 60 samples were selected from mothers with 4-8 weeks after delivery through convenience method and then divided into 2groups randomly. Case group intervention was accomplished. Depression in both groups before and 1month after intervention was measured by Beck questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by statistical tests, paired-T, independent T, X2 and P£0.05 was taken as the significant level.Results: Mean depression score before intervention (32.7±7.1) and after it (21.8±6.7) showed a significant decrease in the case group (P<0.001). Comparison of mean depression between the case (21.8±6.7) and control group (31.7±6) after the intervention revealed a significant difference (P=0.01), while there was no significant difference between them before the intervention (P=0.4). Mean depression rate in the control group before the intervention (31.2±5.4) and after it (31.7±6) did not show a significant difference (P=0.51).Conclusion: According to the results of this study and considering negative effect of postpartum depression on family function, more attention should be given to this disorder.

Background: Musculoskeletal symptoms among school students are common. Aim of this study was the study of prevalence of discomfort and musculoskeletal symptoms in students of Tehran.Materials and Methods: 340 primary and secondary school students participated in this study. Subjects from five different districts of Tehran -a school from each region- were selected. Nordic questionnaire was used for review of musculoskeletal symptoms and discomfort. Also body map was used to show location of musculoskeletal symptoms and discomfort.Results: Shoulders and neck musculoskeletal discomfort and pain respectively were reported about 18.46 and 13.42 %. Musculoskeletal pain in back was 8.5%. Also Complaints from musculoskeletal discomfort and pain in upper and lower extremities respectively were 5.5 and 2.9 percent.Conclusion: Musculoskeletal symptoms are clearly seen in school students. These symptoms in upper trunk especially in shoulders and also in the neck region are more evident. These symptoms and discomforts often are not caused by disease and illness. So, there is a need for further research in this area to investigate the causes of these symptoms.

Introduction: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is defined by a loose cluster of symptoms arising from entrapment of one or both divisions of the sciatic nerve as they pass the sciatic notch. This paper presents a method of using the H-reflex as an aid in the diagnosis of PS.Methods: Forcible pressure from the piriformis muscle on the sciatic nerve can be induced by internal rotation of an affected limb in an adducted and flexed position (FAIR). This pressure is reflected in a delay of the H-reflex. The length of delay seen in 15 legs of 14 patients who met the criteria for PS is compared with that seen in 7 unaffected contralateral limbs.Results: Mean delay of H-reflex was 2.346 msec for affected legs and 0.368 msec for the combined control groups (p<0.01).Conclusion: There were no Significant differences in delay latency between control group and amplitude between all groups (p>0.05).

Background: Between 5 and 10% of patients admitted to acute care hospitals acquire one or more infections, and the risks have steadily increased during recent decades. we conduct our study to determine the distribution of main gram-negative pathogens and their characteristics of drug susceptibility originating from nosocomial infections in the intensive care units.Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on ICU patients of golestan and khanevadeh hospital affiliated to Army University of Medical Sciences from April 2007 to May 2008. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was achieved by disk-agar diffusion.Results: Totally, 510 patients were admitted to ICU, 101 cases of nosocomial infections were identified. The most common isolated organism was E.coli (35/64%) followed by, Klebsiella pneumoniae (24/75%). The most frequent nosocomial infection was urinary tract infections (76/23%). The level of resistance was observed for Acinetobacter baumannii strains to almost all antibiotic agents (100%). however, microorganisms were less resistant to imipenem.Conclusion: The increased prevalence of resistant organisms in ICU probably reflects lack of proper antibiotic policy resulting in prolonged and indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agent.

Background: Ischemic brain strokes consist two Third of all strokes and their complications bear a lot of cost and disability for the patient and society. In this study we seek for the effect of Erythropoietin on ischemic brain strokes’ outcome according to NIHSS (National Institudes of Health Stroke Scale) changes.Material and methods: This study is a RCT. All patients with focal neurologic deficit with primary suspicion of brain stroke underwent neuroimaging evaluations. after confirmation of new ischemic brain stroke, the patients with inclusion criteria randomized into two groups of cases and controls. NIHSS was defined for each patient and all patients received a routine treatment protocol. Erythropoietin 16000 IU as a bolus intravenous dose was given to case patients as soon as neuroimaging study confirmed new ischemic stroke and continued as 8000 IU each 12hr up to total dose of 56000 IU during 3 days. Patients were re-evaluated at days 14 and 28 and NIHSS was assessed by another neurologist blinded to patient’s group. Finally NIHSS changes of both groups were compared with each other.Results: Evaluations revealed that in days 14 and 28 during follow up, Erythropoietin was effective in NIHSS (P-value: 0.0001). This effect is of value in LOC Commands (P: 0.024), facial palsy (P: 0.003), motor arm (P: 0.0001), motor leg (P: 0.0001), sensory (P: 0.009) and best language (P: 0.023).Conclusion: Administration of High dose erythropoietin in first 24 hours can be effective on the reduction of ischemic stroke complication. However, a larger scale clinical trial is warranted.

Objective: Comparative study of therapeutic effects of two medicinal procedures of fluoxetine 3 hours before coitus and each 12 hours, and declining symptoms of SSRI drugs in patients through decreasing dosage and therapeutic procedure in patients refer to 501 hospital and private clinic.Materials and methods: The procedure of this study is based on non stochastic clinical test without quasi drug group and a comparison from therapeutic effect and symptoms of two medicinal procedures of fluoxetine 4 hours before coitus and each 12 hours in premature ejaculation treatment in 88 patients refer to 501 hospital and private clinic. Patient were divided into two groups in peradventure manner. In first group, it is prescribed 20mg of fluoxetine daily 4 hours before coitus in 39 patients and in 2nd groups group, it is prescribed 20 mg of fluoxetine each 12 hours before coitus in 49 patients. Finally it was analyzed data in SPSS software.Findings: The average of ejaculation duration in fluoxetine group 4 hours after coitus before treatment was 139.97 Sec. that after 4 weeks of hospitalization reached to 225.25 and p.v: 0.0000 and after 8 weeks to 261.153 Sec. and p.v: 0.0000 and in compare with ejaculation duration between 4th and 8th weeks it gained p.v: 0.003. The average of ejaculation duration influoxetine group 12 hours after coitus before treatment was 107.04 Sec. that after 4 weeks of hospitalization reached to 294.08 and p.v: 0.0000 and after 8 weeks to 324.08 Sec. and p.v: 0.0000 and in compare with ejaculation duration between 4th and 8th weeks it gained p.v: 0.029. In comparing ejaculation duration between 2 groups’ fluoxetine 4 hours before coitus (t=225.25) and each 12 hours (t=294.08) in 4th week after treatment it gained p.v: 0.03. In comparing ejaculation duration between 2 groups’ fluoxetine 4 hours before coitus (t=261.153) and each 12 hours (t=324.08) in 8th week after treatment it gained p.v: 0.0000. Symptom measure in fluoxetine group 4 hours before coitus 12.8% and symptom measure in fluoxetine group 12 hours before coitus 44.9% and p.v: 0.001.Conclusion: In this study, both drug method improved ejaculation duration but in 2nd group it was considerably higher than the 1st one. Also from symptom point of view, symptoms in fluoxetine group each 12 hours was considerably higher than group with 4 hours before coitus.

Introduction: The goal of this article is to describe of the GIS application on health and emphasize on position of GIS in Iran s Holistic Scientific Map.Material and Methods: This article is a review of scientific and applicative studies done by domestic and foreign researchers that explain application of GIS on health domain.Results: Applications of GIS in community health and epidemiological study includes Crisis management at unexpected events, Spatial analysis in relation to incidence of diseases & environmental risk factors and exposures, Planning & implication of health promotion program based on detection of geographically distribution of diseases and Early detection, evaluation and surveillance related to Bioterrorist Attacks and Conclusions: Holistic Scientific Map will help to identify priority setting of researches, cooperation of researchers and is a pattern for scientific planning among that on health. GIS is one of the new technologies that would help in easier and more precise collection of health information and facilitating decision-making about health care. Therefore, this domain can be considered by policy makers and health managers.

Introduction: The most common symptom of brucellosis is osteoarticular manifestation. Urogenital manifestation, hepatitis, CNS and respiratory system involvement and endocarditis are also reported. Mild leukopenia with lymphocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia and seldom pancytopenia is seen.Case presentation: A 22-year-old man with fever and chills, abdominal pain and diarrhea came to the hospital. He had headache, malaise, anorexia and dry cough, for 2 weeks. He had no exposure to domestic animals and hadn’t consummed any unpasteurized dairy. In lab data, he had leukopenia, relative lymphocytosis, anemia and thrombocytosis, wright=1/2560, 2ME=1/1280, Alt=193, AST=446, alkp=375.Conclusion: As long as the patient hadn’t have any exposure to domestic animals and also hadn’t consummed any unpasteurized dairy, the serology (2ME=1/80, wright=1/40) from outside the hospital was repeated and noted results was detected. In endemic areas, in septicemia and pancytopenia or bycytopenia setting we should consider brucellosis in differential diagnosis.