Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:168 |Papers Count:9

Background: Nearly 60% of patients suffering from coronary artery disease undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. Patients undergoing CABG surgery may change their quality of life, which is one of the major implications of this surgery. So surveying the quality of life is an important part of the treatment process. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing the quality of life of patients before and after CABG in Ali ibn Abitalib hospital in Zahedan in 2016. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was carried out before and after CABG surgery on 110 candidates of CABG who were selected by convenience sampling in Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in 2016. Data were collected by Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36) in two stages before surgery and three months after surgery. Data analysis was done by using descriptive and analytical statistics tests in SPSS version 20 software. Results: The mean age of patients was 55. 55± 10. 56 years. The most common comorbid disease among subjects was diabetes 18. 38% of whom suffered from it. The results of MANOVA showed that quality of life before and after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is significantly different, so that quality of life and components of physical functioning, physical health disorder, emotional health disorder and social function versus before surgery showed significant increase (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease increases after CABG surgery. It seems that provision of facilities for providing counseling and emotional support after a CABG surgery in person or phone, these patients will have an impact on improving quality of life.

Background: Enhancing patients’ satisfaction through providing high quality services is an important goal of a hospital. This study aimed to measure services quality of Tehran teaching hospitals in 2015. Methods: This descriptive and cross sectional study was carried out in seven teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Hospital services quality was measured using HEALTHQUAL questionnaire by asking 296 patients selected through stratified random sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS-V20 software. Wilcoxon, U-Man Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were applied. Results: The mean score of patient perception and expectation were 3. 49 and 4. 10 out of 5 score, respectively. There was a negative gap (-. 58) between perception and expectation of patients. Services quality ratio was 0. 85. Patients were most satisfied with hospital staff competencies (3. 97± 0. 82) and least satisfied with hospital amenities (3. 05± 0. 94). There were significant relationship between hospital service quality and patient age, education and place of residence (p<0. 05), patient satisfaction (p=0. 001) and hospital recommendation to others (p=0. 03). Conclusion: There was a negative gap in services quality of the studied hospitals. Hospital managers can improve service quality using appropriate quality management strategies through improving hospitals’ structures and processes.

Background: The muscles activity of individuals with flat foot play an important role in identifying the causes of these people’ s vulnerability. The rate and pattern of muscles activity depends on the speed of walking and so far, difference in muscles activity of individuals with flat foot and normal during walking with different speeds remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to compare the muscle activity of shank muscles in flat and normal feet during walking on treadmill with different speeds. Methods: Study type is descriptive-analytical type. 24 men (12 people with normal foot and 12 people with flat foot) were selected in an accessible way and participated in this applied research. The activities of the Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Gastrocnemius (GA) muscles were collected via Biovision machine when the participants were walking on the treadmill while bare feet and a speed of 1. 7 and 3. 5 m/s. I Independent t-test was used to examine the significance of the difference between two groups. Results: The results indicated that there is a significant difference between the two groups in the activities of TA and GA muscles in both walking speeds. TA muscle activity was significantly greater in individuals with flat foot and EMG of GA muscles was significantly greater in individuals with normal foot in the two desired speeds. Conclusion: The speed of walking affects the amount and pattern of the activity of the shank muscles in people with flat foot and it is likely to be one of the vulnerability factors in these people. The results of this research can be considered in the design of training and rehabilitation programs.

Background: Since fatigue is known as one of the limitations in individuals with genu varum which could result in functional insufficiency, the purpose of this semi-experimental study was investigation of the effects of local fatigue on selective parameters of kinematic gait in active male individuals with genu varum as well as the normal ones. Methods: The selected subjects were 30 active male students (15 with genu varum and 15 normal ones) 20 to 25 years old according to the inclusion criteria. Kinematic data were collected using a digital system. Moreover, local fatigue quadriceps muscle has been measured by Isokinetic Dynamometer System. Analysis of univariance was used to test the difference in genu varum group and normal group. Results: Results demonstrate significant difference in gait kinematic parameters such as stride, speed and knee angle in stroke phase in genu varum group in comparison to the normal group. Conclusion: Principle of specificity in athletic training should be applied as an aspect of training regimen a given stressors on the body parts. There will be a specific adaptation to imposed demands.

Background: Calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine possess a dramatic role in treatment of various cardiovascular diseases including angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension, so study of cardiovascular effects of derivatives of these drugs seems necessary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of synthesized dihydropyridine derivatives on chronotropic and inotropic responses of guinea pig isolated atria in comparison with nifedipine. Methods: Thirty-two male guinea pigs were divided to four equal groups, randomly. After induction of anesthesia, the atria were isolated and attached to physiograph. Three synthesized dihydropyridine derivatives and nifedipine were incubated into organ bath in concentrations 10-9 to 10-3 M, accumulatively and their effects on atrial beating rate and contractile force were evaluated. Results: The inhibitory effects of all of these derivatives in concentrations of 10-5 to 10-3 M on atrial beating rate were more potent than nifedipine (p≤ 0. 001), while their effects in reducing the atrial contractile force in concentrations of 10-8 to 10-3 M were weaker than nifedipine (p≤ 0. 001). Conclusion: Considering the stronger effects of these derivatives in reducing the atrial beating rate and the weaker effects of these compounds in diminution of the atrial contractile force compared with nifedipine, these derivatives may possess obvious antianginal properties with minimum effects on cardiac contractility.

Background: Obesity may result in cardiovascular diseases, psychiatric problems and so many other diseases. Obesity surgery is the most effective treatment for obese patients that could be associated with some complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective factors of Mini Gastric Bypass (MGB) complications as one of the most common methods for obesity surgery. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases. At first, the effective factors of MGB were extracted by searching previous papers indexed in Pubmed and Scopus. Then, the effective factors were given to surgeons using a questionnaire and they were asked to rank these factors based on the importance. Finally, the answers were analyzed using the mean and frequency. Results: Some variables like age, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), some comorbidity, the bilio-pancreatic obstruction, surgery duration, smoking status, open surgery, laboratory tests, endoscopy and sonography results, and intra operative complications were marked as important. Conclusion: In most of the variables, the surgeon's view was in accordance with the previous studies. Considering the effective factors of MGB complications such as age, weight, BMI, bilio-pancreatic obstruction, surgery duration, smoke, malabsorption, open surgery, obesity, intra-operative complications, comorbidities (DVT, sleep apnea, CVA, pseudotumor cerebri, psychiatric problems, cardio-vascular diseases), laboratory tests (CBC, Ferritin, FBS, HbA1C, Total Cholesterol, Alb, Vit B12, Vit D3, β-HCG), and sonography and endoscopy before the surgery could result in reducing complications and death, increasing patients’ and surgeons’ satisfaction, and improving health care.

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder with inflammatory and oxidative stress foundation in reproductive-age women in Iran. Some micronutrients have anti-oxidant effects. For the first time, the present study aimed to compare the dietary intake of these anti-oxidant micronutrients in four phenotypes of PCOS. Methods: 182 participants eligible for this five-group comparative study were selected by convenience sampling method. Then they were classified into five groups according to the Rotterdam criteria: A (n=41), B (n=33), C (n=40), D (n=37) and control (without PCOS) (n=31). Dietary intake assessment of zinc, selenium, chromium and carotenoids was carried out by a 168 item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22 software and Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test followed by appropriate post hoc test, Mann-Whitney U (MW). Significant P-value was considered <0. 05 for KW test and <0. 005 for MW (based on Bonferroni correction). Results: Dietary intakes of zinc and selenium were significantly lower in all phenotypes of PCOS than control group (MW; p<0. 005). Chromium intake was significantly lower in phenotype D of PCOS compared to the control group (MW; p<0. 001). No significant difference was found between PCOS phenotypes and the control group (KW; p> 0. 05). Conclusion: Regarding the research results, it is suggested that modification of the nutritional status of PCOS patients and the increased consumption of these antioxidant micronutrients in the diet will considerably reduce the intensity of PCOS. It will improve the situation of these patients.