Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2018 | Volume:17 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:13

Background and Objectives: Diarrhea refers to the passage of three or more loose of watery stools per more than 15ml/kg/day in infant or>200 gr/day in older children and adolescence. Selenium (Se) is suggested, like other trace mineral and antioxidant enzymes, is one of the important immune factor that neutralized free oxygen radicals. Selenium deficiency leads to occurrence of bacterial infections, hair fall, loss of skin elasticity, or disease progression of some viral infections. Recent research has suggested that selenium deficiency has role in gastroenteritis therefore we designed a study for relation between serum selenium level and acute gastroenteritis.Subjects and Methods: This is a case-control study which performed on 80 infants and children in the range of 6-36 month of age. In case group were 35 children with acute gastroenteritis and in control group were 45 healthy children. We measured serum selenium level by atomic absorption via spectrophotometer method. In control group performed once and in the case group twice during admission and recovery phase 7-10 days after treatment.Results: The mean serum selenium level in the acute phase was 80.8±18.2 mg/L and after 7-10 days in recovery phase was 105.6±18.4 mg/L. Mean serum selenium in control group was 94.5±15.3 mg/L. Serum selenium level decreased significantly in severe dehydration than mild and moderate dehydration (P<0.001). There was no relationship between selenium level with age, weight, sex, breastfeeding, socioeconomic and underlying disease.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that decrease selenium level in acute phase of gastroenteritis compared to control group and significantly lower than in recovery phase. We suggest during treatment of gastroenteritis, attention to selenium deficiency need to be made.

Background and Objective: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most common knee musculoskeletal disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate three therapeutic protocols’ effects on pain, disability, static balance and quality of life in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome.Subjects and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 45 women with patellofemoral pain syndrome were selected and divided randomly into three exercise groups: aquatic therapy, aquatic therapy with temporary kinesiotape and aquatic therapy with permanent kinesiotape. In order to assess the pain, McGuillan's questionnaire was used, to assess the disability, Vanukurf questionnaire was used, to assess the balance, Biodex Balance System was employed, and to assess the quality of life changes, Sherne Bourne questionnaire was used. Paired sample t-test and one way ANOVA were used to means comparison. We considered a=0.004.Results: The results showed, except for pain (P=0.002), there was no significant difference between the pretest-post-test mean differences in disability, static balance and quality of life among the groups. However, the results of t-test showed significant differences between pretest and post-test of these three factors. Pain relief was significant in sensory (P=0.001), as well as disabilit (P=0.001) and quality of life (P=0-.001) were significant. Balance factors in open eyes and in closed eyes position were not significant between pretest to post-test in all of three groups.Conclusion: Aquatic therapy with permanent patella kinesiotaping had more effect on pain reduction. On the other hand, pain can effect on quality of life, so we recommend aquatic therapy with kinesiotape as an effective protocol to patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Background and Objective: Increase in free radicals leads to oxidative stress which is implicated in the pathogenesis of many systemic and oral diseases such as periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to find the relationship between the salivary total antioxidant level and periodontal disease.Subjects and Methods: This case control study included 15 patients with periodontitis, 15 patients with gingivitis and 15 controls were recruited from patients referring to Ahwaz Dental School in 1390-1391. The levels of salivary total antioxidants were evaluated using Spectrophotometry method.Results: Control group had significantly higher total salivary antioxidant level compared with patients with gingivitis and periodontitis (P<0.001).The difference between total salivary antioxidant level in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis was not significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: The findings demonstrate an inverse relationship between total antioxidant level with development of periodontitis and gingivitis.

Background and Objective: Diagnosis and treatment of calcium disorders (hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia) and osteoporosis as the most important metabolic bone disease, are of great importance in internal medicine and endocrine diseases. There is no checklist of patient records for diagnosis, treatment and follow up in Iranian and foreign resources. This study was designed to provide minimum data set for registration in patient medical records.Subjects and Methods: Using Iranian and foreign published literature, a preliminary data form was prepared and evaluated using Delphi technique. In first stage the opinions of 25 internal specialists and 25 endocrinologists who selected 75% or more as"high" for a data question were included as main element in record. In the second stage, elements selected as "high" or "middle" (50-75 %) were assessed by 10 endocrinologist and analyzed. Elements that had greater than or equal to 50% chose "high" were added to final checklist.Results: Selected elements presented as checklist, and minimum data set in 7 categories: demographic information, history, symptoms, signs, paraclinical data, treatment and follow-up for disease presented. The scores for osteoporosis was 158 out of 187, while hypocalcemia was 82 of 140 and hypercalcema was 85 of 158.Conclusion: These final elements provide as an applied pattern for registration in patients’ medical records and contain the most important elements in the published literature.

Background and Objective: Periodontal disease is among the most common inflammatory diseases. Diabetes is a risk factor for greater periodontal destruction. Periodontitis is recognized as the sixth serious complication of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to compare the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) of type 2 diabetic patients compared to nondiabetic patients referred to Ahvaz Golestan hospital in 2017-2018.Subjects and Methods: The present analytic epidemiological study was conducted on 115 type 2 diabetic patients and 115 nondiabetic patients (age range, 35-60 years) referred to Ahvaz Golestan hospital. The subjects were selected, randomly. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Demographic parameters including age, gender, education level and data about frequency of dental visits, blood glucose indices and CPITN index were collected. Data were analyzed using a Chi-Square analysis and SPSS.Results: The CPITN index in diabetic patients was significantly higher than nondiabetic patients. The difference of CPITN index regarding behavior of tooth brushing, frequency of dental visits, age, and education level was significant between two groups, but concerning the gender no significant difference was found between two groups.Conclusion: People with diabetes are more likely to experience periodontal disease. The results of present study indicated that diabetic patients need more periodontal treatment, but the gender did not affect these results. This could be explaining the destructive effect of diabetes on periodontitis tissues and decreased salivary secretion. Therefore, diabetes education programs are recommended.

Background and Objective: Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare, extra-nodal non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. It commonly involves brain, meninges or eyes. In this study, we investigated its clinicopathological features and survival rate in Yazd.Subjects and Methods: All samples related to the central nervous system lymphomas were extracted from 2011 to 2016 at Pathology Department of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. They were registered in the pre-designed check-lists. Survival rates were evaluated by referring to the physicians' offices, and also by calling on the patients.Results: The present study was performed on 15 patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma including 7 males (46.7%) and 8 females (53.3%). The most common clinical presentations were motor deficits (33.3%), increased intra-cranial pressure (26.7%) and seizure (20%) respectively. All cases were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and high grade in 13.3% of cases. In most of cases (80%), the lesion was in one of the cerebral hemispheres. The most frequent sites were the temporal and parietal lobe.Conclusion: Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare, invasive, extra-nodal non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. In our study, its clinicopathological feature was similar to the other studies. The mean survival rate in patients with immune-deficiency was not significantly different from patients without immune-deficiency.

Background and Objective: The control of cytosolic calcium is precisely due to its major role in the muscle contraction. So, we investigated the changes in FULL NAME FIRST (SERCA2a), the most important calcium transmitter, and its inhibitory, (Phospholamban Proteins(PLN), with exercise.Subjects and Methods: Eighteen adult male Wistar rats were placed in three groups, aerobic exercise training (AET), high intensity interval training (HIIT), and control group (CO). The AET and HIIT groups ran on treadmill at speeds of 12-15 (m/min), and 25 to 30 (m/min), respectively, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. At the end, the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (sol) muscles were extracted and the concentration of SERCA2a and PLN proteins were measured using ELISA kits. One way ANOVA, independent t-test, and two-way analyze of variance at the significance level (a=0.05) were used.Results: In terms of SERCA2a, there was a significant difference between the EDL and SOL muscles in the control group (P=0.001) and the AET group (P=0.030). Also, there was a significant difference in PLN between EDL and SOL muscles only in the AET group (P=0.007). Also, there was a significant difference between the control groups, AET and HIIT in terms of SERCA2a (P=0.046) and PLN (P=0.006). In addition, an interactive effect was observed between exercise intensity and muscle fiber type on the SERCA2a (P=0.042) and also PLN (P=0.008).Conclusion: To achieve optimal muscle function, especially factors affecting calcium transmission, it is necessary to consider simultaneously the type of muscle fiber and the intensity of exercise appropriate to it.

Background and Objective: Accurate diagnosis and discrimination of quadriceps muscle weakness between mild and moderate to severe grades of knee osteoarthritis(OA) can help timely treatment and prevention of future complications. Thus, our aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of quadriceps strength measure and to determine its optimal cutoff point in discriminating between two groups of mild and moderate to severe knee OA radiographic sign.Subjects and Methods: Based on the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading scale, a total of 130 knee OA patients were classified into 65 patients with mild (a KL grade£ 2) and 65 patients with moderate to severe (a KL grade³3) radiographic sign. Quadriceps muscle strength was assessed using isometric dynamometer. The accuracy of this measure was determined by calculation of sensitivity, specificity, area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), likelihood ratios (LR), and predictive values (PV).Results: Our results showed that quadriceps muscle strength had high sensitivity and good level of accuracy in discriminating between the two groups of knee OA patients. Also, based on LR and PV results, quadriceps muscle strength had good ability for ruling out moderate to severe grade of knee OA patients and accurate diagnose of mild grade of patients, respectively.Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for good accuracy of quadriceps muscle strength in discriminating between the two groups of knee OA patients. Thus, it may be recommended that this measure be evaluated before planning for intervention.

Background and Objectives: Many people believe that hot water springs are effective in treating many skin diseases, but they are unaware of the presence of natural radioactive substances that may be found in these springs. Radioactive substances with different ray emission can increase the dose rate of people and risk of cancer. The aim of this study is to estimate the annual effective dose and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) due to natural gamma near Garab hot water spring in Behbahan city.Subjects and Methods: To measure of gamma dose rate in the hot water spring and around it, six points were considered. The dose rate in these areas was measured using the RDS-31 Survey meter in four seasons of the year. Also the dosimeter was placed at two heights of 5 cm and 1 m, and the dose rate was read and recorded for 10 minutes in any point.Results: The maximum and minimum amount of absorbed dose rate was obtained in summer and winter 392 nGy/h and 42 nGy/h, respectively. The annual effective dose at point 1 (nearby the principle hot water source) was calculated 0.4 mSv. The excess lifetime cancer risk was gained at this point with the highest value of 1.60´10-3.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the annual effective dose and excess lifetime cancer risk of natural gamma in the hot water spring is higher than the global average but, these values are lower than the standard for residents of the Garab village.