Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2003 | Volume:- | Issue:38|Papers Count:12

Rubella is a viral disease which is mostly observed in children and teenagers. Infection in early pregnancy may cause sever derangement in fetus. In order to determine the prevalence of immunity to rubella in pregnant women of Ahwaz city, specific antibody against rubella assessed with Elisa method in 250 serum samples of pregnant women of different age groups residing in Ahwaz. The result showed that 8% of these women were sensitive and 92% were immune to rubella. %95 confidence interval for immune women was %88.6-%95.4. The percentage of immune women were 92.8 and 90.7 in houholds and employers, respectively. There was no significant difference between immune housholds and employers. In conclusion with regarding to the high immunity of pregnant women to rubella virus infection, public vaccination against rubella is not recommended in Ahwaz city. However, immune status in premarriage women or at least before their pregnancies should be determined so that in case of their sensivity, they would be vaccinated against rubella.

In this paper we present the effects of activation of motor cortex on functional Magnetic Resonance images (fMRI) for a healthy volunteer. This experiment was performed using a routine gradient system of a 1.5 Tesla MR unit. Shimming of magnetic field was done in order to obtain a suitable homogeneity of the field prior to data acquisition. Gradient echo protocol was used and modified based on the requirements for a T2* sensitive technique.Motor cortex activation was carried out using thumb movement in a L-shape plastic frame toward various directions, up, down, left, and right. Series of rest and activation images were analyzed using SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) program as is achieved by other researcher on PET/fMRI studies. Functional imaging using the designed protocol showed an increase of image intensity in the gray matter associated to motor and sense cortex. An increased intensity of about 2% was obtained in the correlation coefficient test results. Consequently, the feasibility of doing MIRI studies was confirmed using a routine 1.5 Tesla MRI system.

The findings of a retrospective analysis of the 223 children admitted with diagnosis of esophageal foreign bodies that were managed at the hospital are reported. In the majority of cases, ingestion of the foreign body was either witnessed or suspected. Removal was completed with the use of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The postcricoid area was the commonest site for impaction. Coins (%54.4) were the commonest foreign body. Approximately 2.2 % of children had more than one foreign body. 2.7 % of children had esophageal anomalies. External approach for the retrieval of foreign bodies was necessary in two patients. Complications occurred in 10% of patients; there were no death.

The Zizyphus spina-Christi from Rhamnaceae grows in south of Iran and its leaf powder is used for hair washing. Its antifungal, anti microbial activities have been also reported. The sweet fruit of that is eaten fresh or dried. We have previously demonstrated that, the Zizyphus spina-Christi hydro alcoholic leaf extract reduces the ileum and stomach muscles tone in rats. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of Zizyphus spina Christi leaf hydro alcoholic extract on isolated rat uterus. To achieve this aim, uterine horns of adult virgin rats were placed in an organ bath containing 10 ml either standard Tyrode"s or De Jalon"s solution (30°C) with 0.5 g initial tension, which bubbled with pure 02. The uterine contractility was recorded by an isometric transducer in presence of either KCl (40 mM), oxytocin (100 µU/ml) or performance of electrical stimulation (30 Hz, 20 V, 1 ms for 10 seconds). Rats for oxytocin experiments were treated with single estrogen (Premarin) injection (1mg/Kg, s.c.) 24 hr prior the experiments. Contraction forces were calculated as gram for 100 mg of uterine weight. Extract was prepared using percolation method with 70% alcohol for 72 hr. After equilibrium period (45-60 min), the tissue was exposed to three above uterus stimulants in presence and absence of extract with final concentrations in the organ bath: 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/ml for l to 3 min. The results indicated that, the extract significantly reduced uterine contractions induced by KCI, electrical stimulation and oxytocin (P<0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, it is postulated that the extract may contain voltage dependent calcium channel blocker. However, further work is required to determine the mechanisms of action.

Sodium valproate is an effective anti epileptic drug which is widely used in therapy. One of its side effects is liver toxicity.The aim of this study was to verify the protective effects of Silybum marium and vitamin E in hepatotoxicity caused by sodium valproate.In this study the crude extract of Silybum marianum in doses of 100, 200 and 800mg/kg and vitamin E in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were orally administered to mice one hour before the toxic dose of sodium valproate (500mg/kg) for one week. The positive control group received toxic dose of sodium valproate (500mg/kg) and the negative control groups received normal saline and seasame oil.On the 8th day, blood samples were taken for measurment of enzyme activities such as SGOT & SGPT and also liver tissues were taken for histopathological study.Results showed that significant hepatoprotection was observed in doses of 800mg/kg of Silybum marianum and 400mg/kg vitamin E. Also it has been observed that the adiuvant dose of Silybum marianum and vitamin E in doses of 100mg/kg were synergistically effective.In conclusion, this herbal extract and vitamin E can protect liver damage caused by sodium valproate in mice.

This is a quasi- experimental study of assessing the effect of group psychotherapy on anxious and depressed infertile women whom seen at outpatient departments of Shiraz university of medical sciences.The study subjects in the project were 60 infertile women. They were selected by objective-oriented sampling and were randomly divided into two groups of treatment and control A questionnaire was filled out, in two parts, as to the gathering criteria on the degree of anxiety and depression.The first part was prepared by the researcher and the second was adopted from Hamilton scale and Beck depression inventory test. All the research samples were evaluated by pre- tests. 30 infertile women were divided into 3 groups of 10 and they attended a 12- session group psychotherapy, each session lasting for 2 hours every 5 days. It included relaxation exercise, education and use of group psychotherapy, both the treatment and the control groups filled out the questionnaire again and the level of anxiety and depression was estimated.The analysis of collected data was carried out by means of suitable tests. Results indicated that group psychotherapy decreased the women"s anxiety and depression . The mean decrease of anxiety and depression level revealed no significant relation to the woman"s level of education, that of her husband"s, woman"s job, that of her husband"s, woman"s monthly income, that of her husband"s, her own knowledge of infertility diagnosis, duration and number of treatments, and reaction of the husband and his family to her infertility. Yet there was a significant relation between the woman"s age and the mean decrease of depression level. Group psychotherapy proved to be more efficient with younger females. These results show that effective group psychotherapy can be used in reducing infertile woman"s anxiety and depression regardless of demographic variables.

Otitis media is the most common microbial infection in children and the main reason of antibiotic usage in this group. Now the ventilation tube (V.T) insertion surgery is accounted the most common selective surgery. In addition to risk factors like adenoid, hypertrophy , cleft plate, allergy, sex and ...., another factors such as passive smoking , AIDS and industrial pollutions are also exist.Two years of prospective study was carried out to find out and examine the existence of risk factors in all patients who were suffering from middle ear effusion and cured by surgical operations. These factors which were found from the carried out studies are: male, sex, the nursaries school centers, adenoid hypertrophy, cleft plate, passive smoking, systemic disorders and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.In this study Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) was more common in male than female and the peak incidence occur between 4-6 years of age. In most cases, OME associated with Adenoid hypertrophy. Two adult cases without any symptoms of nasopharyngeal mass have nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on guided biopsy from Rosen muller fossa and one case have Wegner granulomatosis.In comparing of case and control groups passive smoking is more frequent in group of cases. Passive smoking associated and Allergy are found in 15 patient which become candidate for second time VT inserten. We advise, in Conjunction with evaluation OME in high risk children (children at peak age incidence and sex male) and systemic disorders and malignancy (especially. naopharynx) in adult, to consider in mind the role of passive smoking in children with OME.In addition, programmed follow up and screening of children at risk for OME (g. Nursary school, cleft palate) can help us in early diagnosis and Prevention of advanced sequelae of OME .

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important health problem all over the world. Contact with HCV is nearly unavoidable in patients with thalassemia major (TM). Some studies suggest that HCV infection may be an independent risk factor for development of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus (DM). In fewer studies this relationship has not been found. The aim of this study is to investigate whether chronic HCV infetion can impair glucose tolerance in patients with TM. We compared all 7-20 years old HCV (+) TM patients in Zahedan (n=33) with 33 HCV(-) TM patients, matched for age, ferritin levels, number of blood transfusions, liver function test ( SGPT, SGOT ) and number of years with no des feral use we checked our patients for HCV infection by ELIZA and RIBA2 [liotech Inc.] as HCV infection testing algorithm for diagnosis of asymptomatic persons which is recommended by CDC. We performed standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in all of them. Prevalence of impaired OGTT was not different among thalassemic patients with and without HCV infection (6% versus 9%, p>0.05) and prevalence of impaired OGTT was the same among different age groups (in 7-12 y: 5.9% and >12 y: 21.5%, p>0.05). Prevalence of impaired OGTT was more among HCV (+) thalassemic patients with family history of DM (28.6 % versus 0 %, p< 0.01). Our findings suggest that chronic HCV infection does not increase the risk of glucose intolerance among thalassemic patients 7-20 years old, and DM should not be listed among extra hepatic manifestations of HCV infection in this age group.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is one of the rare neoplasm of Bartholine gland. Usually the diagnosis of Bartholine neoplasm is delayed because of deep location of the tumor and its false diagnosis as Bartholine abscess. So if the patient is older than 40 years old and the mass is suspicious or if the mass which was supposed as benign in nature dosen"t response to conservative therapy, the biopsy or excision of the tummor must be done. One of the rarest case which is presented here, is the 50 - years old women who presented with a mass for 5-6 years at vulva. This mass abruptly enlarged and the only symptom was pressure filling in prinea. The paraclinical findings was only elevated ESR and mild anemia. The mass was excised and pathologic report was adenoid cystic carcinoma of Bartholine gland.

The presenting pt is a 13 years old girl who developed ESRD due to Bardet - biedl syndrome. She was complaining of sever weakness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea and decreased level of consciousness. Physical examination revealed all sings of this syndrome, which includes polydactyly, pigmented Retinopathy, truncal obesity, mental retardation, underdevelopment of sexual characteristics. In lab, sever anemia, serum creatinin 8mg/d, hyperkalemia and metobolic acidosis revealed. According to above mentioned evidences, and small size kidneys in ultrasonograghy, and also with attention to this point that she is a product of a familial marriage, diagnosis of Bardet - Biedl syndrome is documented.