JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN ASSOCIATION OF ARABIC LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Year:2009 | Volume:5 | Issue:11|Papers Count:9

Arabic poetries have often been benefited from the Qur'anic stories and its characters. The modern poetry benefited from it, as well. The Qur'anic stories enrich the Arabic poetries. Badawi al-Jabal utilized the Qur'anic story in his poetries and thus enriched his poems. However, he didn't mention the names of those Qur'anic characters. The present study tries to highlight the causes which, prompted the poet to utilize such stories. Then, the paper points some of the Qur'anic stories in his poetical works. Furthermore, the general meaning of his ode and connected theme with the Qur'anic stories has been mentioned.I, short, the research tries to focus on the poet's ability to link the Qur'anic stories to the general concept of the ode.

Phrase is set of words which play their role in the sentence formation. Link between parts of a sentence is not set by words solely, but real link is defined by the kind of phrases as well. For example, relation in attributive phrase is attributive one. There are other phrases where relations between the constituting words or morphemes are of adverbial. This phrase is known as adverbial phrases. Adverbial relation sometimes is established between two nouns. At this situation, second noun-works as an adverb of first one. In this case, second noun either narrows down semantic domain of the first noun or make it definite. In ad positional phrases this is the case. Sometimes there is Adverbial relation between two nouns where in second noun works as an adjective to first noun. These are adjective phrases.To improve the teaching of ad positional phrases, teacher can either use an article between two nouns or propose a latent structure for it.For example, in the sentence: مفتاح الدار معی, some may sayLatent structure: (المفتاح الذی للدار) معیExplicit Structure: (مفتاح الدار) معیIn another example sentence: حضر الحفل رئیس جامعه some may sayLatent structure: حضر الحفل (رئیس لجامعه)Explicit Structure: حضر الحفل (رئیس لجامعه)

The people of Arabian Peninsula have been partially and slightly familiar with unifying religions prior to Islam such as Hanifiyat, Judaism, Christianity, Siibaeyat, and Zoroastrian (Majusyat). It is bit natural that religious thought has had reflections in the poems of the era of Ignorance era, at least in some aspects. By investigating some of the poems, this study attempts to represent samples of religious thought in that era.Religious thought appears in the forms of numerous subjects in the poetry of ignorance i.e. God (Allah) and his characteristics such as Knowledge and Power, Justice, and Eternity, etc .Also other religious thought and beliefs concerning reliance, Judgment and destiny, religious stories and, mottos, prohibited months, holy places, the customs of hajj such as Ehram (limiting oneself to specified affairs), Talbieh (Here am I, yes), circumambulation (of the Ka'aba) and victimizing etc.

This paper tries to show that character is the ba.sic element and the basis of all 'maqamat' in Maqamat-e Hariri. At first, the protagonists of maqamat seem static in the content of Maqamat, but they are dynamic characters as a whole. It is because of the fact that they have a developing movement which starts from first Maqama to the last with perfection of protagonist and have been changed mentally, psychologically, and physically, and attain perfection Secondary characters in maqamat are flat and static, which occasionally improve to protagonists. We can know Maqamat-e Hariri as a story of character because of its attention and importance to characters.

Islamic art and literature is an artistic and pleasing interpretation of complete Islamic viewpoint toward the existence and human being. As one of the sub-branches of Islamic art and literature, Islamic drama has a special frame that can play an important role in presenting concepts inherent in Islamic viewpoint. An Iraqi intellectual and literary figure, Emadol-din Khalil (born in 1939) is one of the theoreticians of Islamic literature as well as one of the pioneers of Islamic drama. His works in domains of history, thought and Islamic literature originate from his Islamic ideas. Khalil's literary works include critical and creative ones. Shey,on Anel-Mout is one of his interesting creative dramas that illustrates phenomena of death and people's reactions to it. "Hopes and beliefs in a supreme power (God) in the case of the hardest conditions (for instance) facing with the death" is the theme of this master piece. Such a theme is inspired from Unity of Belief that forms the fundamental concept of all religions particularly Islam.Emadol-din Khalil has employed art elements of drama structure such as plot, dialogue, dramatic personae and set to clarify the theme and the subject of this wok. With his choices of essential events and the establishment of logical interconnection between them and also with his exact characterization of ideological-cognitive dimension of personae, he has accelerated more events towards the theme. Most of dramatic dialogue features are observed in dialogic element; however, dialogues change into narration in some cases.

Naguib Mahfouz (1911-2006) is an Egyptian fiction writer who won Nobel Prize in Literature in 1988. He has written more than 50 fictional books - the most famous being his Trilogy. The book has studied the most fundamental problems of Egyptian society such as: cultural encounter between East and West, traditional and imitating religions, political obstruction, and freedom, in the framework of realism. At the end, it examines and represents the existing strategies to solve these problems, and the relationship between the story literatures and fiction-writing. The current paper examines the context, structure and plot of the novel and analyzes its components including complication, conflict, suspense, crisis, climax and denouement-resolution as the novel's mainframe and body.

Ebne Hesham's Moghne al-Labib that can be named as a critic of syntax has analyzed a lot of syntactic and native opinions. Hesham always advocates Sibavie and Basra schools and prefers their opinions to others.Sibavie, Ebne Malek and Zamakhshary are three well-known personalities of Arabic syntax who have been devoted frequently in Moghne al-Labib.On the other hand, this book shows unusual intensive opposition toward Abu Hayyan Gharnaty's opinion and personality. Hayyan had been Hesham's instructor but whenever he is mentioned; it is to disavow his ideas and to disconcert his personality.Such aversions do not originate in the viewpoints but these are seen mostly in religious subjects, supremacy, contemporaneous and their social situations. In this article, Ebne Hesham's umpiresa bout syntactic men are surveyed briefly, and his intensive oppositions toward Abu Hayyan will be analyzed.

The couplet poem is one in which, every hemistich has the same rhyme. This kind of poetry is seen in the poems of the 7th century poet- Roudaki. These were in six sheets. Hesam-al-din Chalpi and Molana have versified those poems which contain various topics such as theology, wisdom, understanding etc. Molana has tried to compose one couplet on each subject, in an elegant way that indicates his beliefs. One of the most important one is about extrinsic and intrinsic perceptions (feelings). He believes that a man can reach the intrinsic perception by overlooking on the extrinsic one. In this poetry, Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Greek terms have been used. These also manifest elegant rhyme and rhythm. This poetry has been versified in twenty five thousand six hundred and eighty five couplets.