Contemporary Psychology
Year:2018 | Volume:13 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:8

Objectives Collective investment is one of the novel constructs in the field of soft human capital. It holds potential to capture the effects of adverse occupational and environmental events on human health and its behaviors. This new construct can be implemented in a collective environment. In this research, the relationship between job stress and emotional exhaustion was studied, due to the mediating role of affective-collective investment with three components; collective investment on the promotion of positive effect in others, collective investment on the promotion of feeling of energy in others, and collective investment on the promotion of happiness in others. Methods According to the purpose of the study, 202 respondents completed the job stress questionnaire, the emotional exhaustion questionnaire and the affective-collective investment questionnaire. Results There is a positive significant relationship between job stress and emotional exhaustion (P<0. 01), but a negative significant relationship between job stress and emotional exhaustion with affective-collective investment (P<0. 01). Results of structural equation modeling and mediation analysis (Bootstrap Test) indicated that affective-collective investment is a complete mediator on the relationship between job stress and emotional exhaustion. Conclusion Overall, the findings of this research showed that through reinforcement of affective-collective investment, we can prevent the negative effects of occupational stress on human health and its burnout in the workplace.

Objectives The present research aimed to study the addiction potential in social anxiety based on atypical anxious-impulsive pattern of this disorder (with regard to anger and impulsivity). Methods This research was carried out with correlational design and predictive capability. For this purpose, among the students of Arak University, a sample of 470 students were selected based on convenience sampling method. At first, the Connor Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), Zargar addiction potential, Novaco anger and Dickman impulsivity scales were administered to them. After the assessment of the results, 119 participants who had social anxiety (scores 19 and more) and their lie scale of addiction potential was without any problem, were recruited for the study. Results Analysis by simultaneous multiple regression indicated that anger and impulsivity predicted almost 38% of variance of addiction potential in individuals with social anxiety (F=35. 395; P<0. 001), and impulsivity had significant role in this prediction (β =0. 542), while the anger did not have any significant role. Conclusion In conclusion, impulsivity is a very important variable that according to its atypical anxiousimpulsive pattern of social anxiety, it is necessary to be seriously considered in understanding addiction potential of individuals with social anxiety and in reduction of pathologies related to them.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) and integration of dialectical behavior therapy with cognitive therapy based on compassionate-mind on resilience and motivations for suicide attempts. It has a quasi-experimental design with pretest, posttest and 1 month follow-up. Methods The sample consisted of 48 suicide attempters who volunteered to participate in the study. They were selected from 120 suicidal attempt cases and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. The subjects of the experimental and control groups in the pretest, posttest and follow-up stages completed the resilience to suicide inventory and inventory of motivations for suicide attempts. After collecting data and in order to comply with the ethical considerations, for the members of the control group, 10 group counseling sessions were held. The obtained data were analyzed with multivariate covariance of analysis. Results Based on the results, CBASP and Integration of dialectical behavior therapy with cognitive therapy based on compassionate-mind are effective on the resilience to suicide and motivations for suicide attempts (P≤ 0. 001). Also, these results were stable in the follow-up stage. Conclusion According to the obtained results, this approach can be used along with the medical and other evidence-based treatments for people with attempted suicide as a useful and complementary therapeutic method.

Objectives Life satisfaction is an important psychological concept that is associated with person's general assessment of life. Many variables can affect life satisfaction. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived social support and life satisfaction with mediating role of resilience and hope. Methods A total of 270 adolescents who had records at Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, Social Security Organization and Social Welfare Organization in Zabol City, Iran participated in this study. Participants completed the questionnaires of satisfaction with life, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, Connor-Davidson resilience scale and trait hopes scale. Results The results of this study showed that the relationship between perceived social support and life satisfaction with mediating of hope and resilience fit with the data. The obtained data also revealed a positive, direct and significant relationship between perceived social support with hope, resilience and life satisfaction. In addition, hope and resilience had a positive, direct, and significant effect on life satisfaction. Conclusion Based on the study results, we should pay attention to predictive variables such as social support and intermediary mechanisms such as resilience and hope for the development and improvement of life satisfaction.

Objectives Suicide is a major cause of death worldwide, especially among teens and adolescents. The aim of this research was the structural test of the Interpersonal Theory of suicide model in Students. Methods Suicide is a major cause of death worldwide, especially among teens and adolescents. The aim of this research was the structural test of the interpersonal theory of suicide model in students. Results The findings showed that interpersonal theory of suicide model has a good fitness in Iranian community and can predict suicide properly. Interpersonal need explains considerable portion in forming suicide ideation. However, it seems that acquired capability for suicide just predicts a little variance of the suicide. Conclusion This model can predict suicide ideation and attempts, so we can use it for recognizing suicide ideation and attempts in students and devise suitable interventions, especially supportive strategies based on interpersonal factors for preventing suicide.

Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the moderating role of subjective well-being on the relationship of goal orientation (skill-oriented, performance-oriented, performance-avoidance) and metacognition with the academic self-efficacy in students of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz City, Iran. Methods This was a cross-sectional research with correlational design. The study population comprised all students of Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz City, Iran. The research sample included 400 students (200 boys and 200 girls), who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. For the measurement of the study variables, goal orientation questionnaire, state metacognition inventory, satisfaction with life scale, and college academic self-efficacy scale were used. Results The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient indicated a significant correlation (P<0. 0001) between subjective well-being, goal orientation (skill-oriented, performance-oriented, performanceavoidance) and metacognition with academic self-efficacy among the students. Moreover, the adjusted regression analysis indicated that subjective well-being had an adjusting role on the relationship of goal orientation and metacognition with the academic self-efficacy. Conclusion The relationship between goal orientation (skill-oriented, performance-oriented, performance-avoidance) and metacognition with academic self-efficacy is not a simple linear associ-ation but adjusted and moderated by subjective well-being.

Objectives The current study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the Early Pathways Program on parent-child interaction and warmth in children under the age of 6 with externalizing behavior problems. Methods The study design was pretest-posttest with the control group. A total of 21 children were chosen by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experiment (10 children) and control (11 children) groups. The experiment group participated individually in 13 sessions of intervention. The research tool was the Crowley-Spike (1983) parent-child scoring scale, and the scale of the early childhood behaviors screening. Results Repeated measure multivariate analyses of variance revealed significant differences between and within groups. Results of the t tests (Independent and paired t tests) showed significant improvement in the experimental group on all measures with stability at 6 week follow-up. Conclusion Finding of the study revealed the efficacy of the Early Pathways program for young children with externalized behavior problems living in poverty.