Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Year:2015 | Volume:17 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

Background: Inhibition of angiogenesis is a major target in control and treatment of many disorders depend of angiogenesis. Chiton is a marine mollusk and it can be useful for treatment of diseases because of exist many chemical compositions in its. We investigated the effects of shell extract of chiton on angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membrane.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, we used 30 Ross fertilized eggs that were divided into 3 random groups: control, sham-exposed (treated by dimethyle sulfoxide: DMSO) and experimental (treated with shell extract). In 2nd day, a window was opened on eggs in the sterile condition. Later, in 8nd day, a gelatin sponge appeared on chorioallantoic membrane and was soaked with 10 mL extract in treatment group and 10 mL DMSO in the sham-exposed group. In 12nd day, chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) were photographed by research photo stereomicroscope in all cases. The numbers and lengths of vessels around the sponges were measured and compared with each other by SPSS-16 software and ANOVA (p<0.05).Results: The mean number of vessels (10.34±1.85) and length of vessels (13.12±2.04 mm) in the control group and mean number of vessels (9.97±1.38) and length of vessels (13.42±1.08 mm) in sham-exposed group was not any significant differences (p>0.05). There was a significant decrease in mean number of vessels (6.06±1.36) and length of vessels (9.76±1.21 mm) in experimental group.Conclusion: It seems shell extract of Chiton lamyican decreases the number and length of vessels around treated area so it can be used as inhibitory agent in treatment of angiogenesis dependent disease.

Background: Immobilization has been used extensively and accepted widely for studying stress-induced alterations. To determine the protective effects of Aloe vera leaf extract, we evaluated the effects of co-administration of immobilization stress and Aloe vera leaf extract on serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tumor marker in male rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 45 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of 5 rats in each including: 1) control, 2) normal saline receiving, 3) Aloe vera extract receiving, 4) acutely immobilized, 5) chronically immobilized, 6) acutely immobilized+Aloe vera extract, 7) chronically immobilized+Aloe vera extract, 8) acutely immobilized+normal saline and 9) chronically immobilized + normal saline. The animals were exposed to chronic or acute immobilization stress for 2 h/day or 8 h/day for a period of 3 weeks or one week, respectively. Aloe vera extract (300 mg/kg/day) was fed by gavage feeding orally. Blood samples were collected and following serum collection, CEA level was determined by radioimmunoassay method. Data were compared statistically between groups using ANOVA.Results: Serum CEA level was significantly increased in acutely (0.640±0.025 ng/mL) or chronically immobilized (0.647±0.023 ng/mL) rats compared with control animals group (0.564±0.014 ng/mL) (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between serum CEA levels of acutely or chronically immobilized Aloe vera extract received animals compared with control rats (0.622±0.027 ng/m and 0.616±0.044 ng/mL, respectively).Conclusion: Our findings indicate that immobilization stress enhances serum CEA level, however, intake of Aloe vera extract can withstand against.

Background: The extract of Coriandrum sativum L., commonly known as coriander, belonging to the Apiaceae family (Umbelliferae), is cultivated throughout the world for its nutritional value. C. sativum was shown to enhance cognitive performance and recover memory deficit. On the other hand, epilepsy induces cognitive disorders; learning and memory deficits in different animal models. Thus, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of C. sativum on water maze learning and memory of epileptic rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, C. sativum extract was injected intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days to experimental animals. Pilocarpine was administered (i.p.) to induce epileptic convulsions. Morris water maze (MWM) apparatus served as the behavioral model for testing spatial learning and memory. Latency to locate the platform, swimming distance and velocity were employed as variables in acquisition and probe trials, while crossing and proximity were only used in probe test.Results: The latency and distance to reach the hidden platform increased in pilocarpine treated rats. C. sativum extract decreased the latency and distance to platform compared with control and more prominently compared with epileptic group. Pilocarpine convulsions increased the platform location latency, but C. sativum extract did not reverse this seizure induced latency increase. Conversely, C. sativum extract reversed the seizure induced proximity increase.Conclusion: C. sativum extract may be a useful remedy in the management of epilepsy induced learning and memory impairments.

Background: The age-dependent worsening of lipid profiles increased the risk of cardiovascular disease in males. Eating fruits and vegetables is known to be beneficial on lipid profile.Objectives: The objective of this research was to delineate whether drinking daily squeezed apple juice (AJ) modulates lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes in the animal model that gonadectomized.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 28 male rats were equally divided among the following 4 groups: group I (control), orchidectomized (ORX), ORX +AJ 10%, and ORX+ AJ 25%. After 60 days of drinking AJ, superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides in serum were evaluated. Data analyzed by SPSS-16 and computed using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparison test. P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results: In the ORX group compared with the sham group serum SOD and ALP activities decreased (P<0.05), while serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL increased but HDL decreased in ORX groups (P<0.05). In contrast to the ORX group, drinking AJ decreased (P<0.05) concentration of LDL, TG and cholesterol in the serum. AJ also increased (P<0.05) serum HDL, SOD and ALP activities compared with the ORX group.Conclusions: Drinking AJ prevented oxidative stress by elevating serum antioxidant enzymes.

Background: Diabetes-related dysfunctions are the major causes of mortality and morbidity for diabetic patients. Selenium is a potent antioxidant. In the present study, we examined antioxidative activities of sodium selenite and possible protective effect of it on serum, liver and kidney lipid peroxidation and glutathione in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 40 Sprage Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups randomly; group I as control, group II as sham treated with sodium selenite (1 mg/kg i.p. daily), group III as diabetic untreated, and group IV as diabetic treated with sodium selenite (1 mg/kg i.p. daily) after induce diabetes, respectively. Diabetes was induced in the 3rd and 4th groups by alloxan injection (s.c.). After 8 weeks, animals were anaesthetized, liver and kidney were then removed immediately and used fresh or kept frozen until analysis. Blood samples were also collected before killing of the rats to measure the lipid peroxidation and glutathione level.Results: Liver and kidney content of lipid peroxidation decreased in diabetic treated group compared with untreated group. Kidney content of glutathione significantly increased in diabetic treated group compared with untreated group. Serum level of glutathione and liver content of it slightly increased in diabetic treated group compared with untreated group.Conclusions: This study showed that sodium selenite might be a potent antioxidant and exert beneficial effects on the lipid peroxidation and glutathione in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats.

Background: Stress has different effects on the body and endocrine system. The main aim of this study is to determine the effects of immobilization stress and Aloe vera extract on levels of TSH, T3 or T4 in male rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 90 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of control, receiving normal saline, receiving Aloe vera extract, acutely immobilized (8 h/day immobilization for 8 days), chronically immobilized (2 h/day immobilization for 21 days) acutely immobilized receiving Aloe vera extract, chronically immobilized receiving Aloe vera extract, acutely immobilized receiving normal saline and chronically immobilized receiving normal saline (n = 10). Blood samples were collected using cardiac puncture method and hormone levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. Data were statistically analyzed and compared among groups using ANOVA.Results: Results showed that levels of T3 and T4 were significantly increased in rats enduring acute immobilization stress compared with animals in control group (P = 0.001). Serum T3 and T4 were significantly decreased in Aloe vera receiving rats compared with control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively). Level of T3 was significantly decreased in acutely immobilized rats receiving Aloe vera compared with control group (P = 0.001). Level of T3 and T4 levels were significantly decreased in chronically immobilized rats receiving Aloe vera compared with control group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The findings show that acute immobilization enhances levels of T3, T4 and TSH and the use of Aloe vera extract can prevent this kind of increase.

Background: Lead exposure during pregnancy may impair skeletal development. Oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms for lead toxicity effects. The aim of this study was to investigate ascorbic acid and garlic effects on bone mineralization in lead exposed pregnant rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups; group (L) exposed to lead acetate, group (L+C) exposed to lead acetate and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), group (L+G) exposed to lead acetate and garlic juice, sham group treated with tap water plus 0.4 mL/L normal hydrogen chloride (HCl) and 0.5 mg/L sugar, control group without any intervention. All treatments were done during pregnancy. After birth, blood and bone lead levels were measured and then all neonates were sacrificed, and their right tibia bone processed for alizarin red and Alcian blue staining.Results: Blood lead levels in L group increased significantly in both mothers and their neonate compared to control animals. In addition, the neonates born to L group showed markedly higher lead concentrations in their bone than that of controls. In contrast, we found no significant changes in blood and bone lead levels in lead exposed neonates that received ascorbic acid and garlic. Bone formation in neonates of L group was clearly disrupted. Interestingly, both ascorbic acid and garlic treatments could apparently improve bone formation during pregnancy in lead exposed neonates.Conclusion: Ascorbic acid and garlic consumption during pregnancy may improve the deleterious effects of lead exposure on bone mineralization.

Possible effects of physical and chemical environmental pollutants in modern industrial life on human health concern about one of the largest problems for scientific organization and the government. About 60 newest published articles results have been studied in last decade (2002-2013) in this research about inhibitory effects of green tea on electromagnetic waves damages. Then we have been used about 40 of them in this review article. For this aim, we searched some key words such as environmental damages, electromagnetic waves, antioxidant effects and anticancer effects of green tea in Science Direct, Springer and Elsevier. Nowadays, scientists’ effort to use natural ingredient instead of drugs and chemicals to maintain human health more and prevention of diseases. Among such, consumption of green tea has the longest history in the world and now in over 160 countries around the world as the common beverage is consumed daily. Recently, green tea due to its numerous benefits in health, in prevention and in treatment of diseases such as cancer has been considered in the public opinion and in the scientific community. Because of its application, in addition to traditional methods of brewing has prevalence as a natural ingredient in food or feed products and in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.

Background: The kiwi fruit is known to have dramatic antibacterial, debridement, wound contracture, and angiogenic effects. We propose that kiwifruit is an ideal candidate to enhance the process of wound healing. The present study assessed the effects of wound kiwifruit dressing on cutaneous wound healing in rat.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups of control and kiwifruit group. A full-thickness dermal incision (35 mm length) was made on the right side of the paravertebral region. In the control group, one day after wound induction wounds was dressed with vaseline sterile gauze after normal saline irrigation. In the second group, the wounds were dressed with kiwifruit. Wound healing was evaluated by measuring surface area, percentage of healing, duration of healing, and wound tensile strength.Results: Obtained results showed that the duration of wound healing in kiwi group in comparison with the control was significantly decreased. The amount of wound healing in percent was also significantly different between control and kiwi groups at days 3, 6 (p<0.001), 9 (p<0.05), 12 and 14 (p<0.01). Comparisons of wound length between control and kiwi group per day showed that kiwi group had significantly lower wound length on day 9, 12, 14 and 16 (p<0.01, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively) in comparisons to control group. Also, the wound tensile strength in kiwi group also was significantly greater than the control animals (p<0.01).Conclusion: We concluded that our study provides some evidence to support the use of kiwi to accelerate wound healing.