TEXTUAL CRITICISM OF PERSIAN LITERATURE (RESEARCHES ON PERSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE)
Year:2017 | Volume:52 (NEW VOL. 8) | Issue:4 (32) |Papers Count:7

Emphasizes the Quran to know stories of the prophets, because the life of the early years of Islam, according to the subject dealt with in the books of commentary and history and stories of the prophets Written later Independent books in describing the life of the prophets Among the many stories of the prophets, manuscript Qesas Al-anbiya by"Mohammad Ibn Hassan Dayduzami" is notable. The identity of the author is unknown.All Bibliographers who have learned of his life and his work, his book titled "Nafayes al-arayes and Qesas Al-anbiya" and those considered Persian translation of Qesas Al-anbiya by Mohammd Ibn Abodolla Kisaei.From the Arabic text of Kisaei two Persian translation of a manuscript written in the seventh century AD. By comparing the Arabic text of Kisaei and Dayduzami,s book and Persian translations of his text It can be seen there is no correlation between them. This study attempts to provide reasons and evidence, stating that Qesas al-anbiy by Dayduzami is not translation of Kisaei,s book But rewriting is the book "Taj Al-Qesas" of Abunasr Ahmad Ibn Mohammad Bokhari(fourth century AD), respectively.

The Samanid era, known as the golden age of Islamic-Iranian culture, is considered as the blossoming period of the great structure of Islamic-Iranian civilization and culture. This chapter in the history of Iranian culture signifies the dominance of rationalism and humanism. It also marks the glorious days of the structure of structures. Poetry of this period, pioneered by Rudaki who is also considered as its father, increasingly reaches its climax and other great poets emerged after Rudaki. In this article, we explored Rudaki's poetry to find out the secret of its structure and everlasting beauty. Eventually we concluded that not only has the individual creativity of the poet played an important role in this matter- he had created, through his magical powers, a poetry which represents the architecture of language in itself and made human emotions musical through language- but also the historical role of the era in which the structure of structures was at its climax, played a very influential role in this regard.

Necessity of attend to distortion in correcting of Arabic poetry Khaghani Abstract Those who pay the correct context aware that many problems because of the distortion is corrected text Frequency distortion is also seen in Khaghani Arabic poetry in his manuscripts and editions. sometimes added the amplitude of this distortion through mistake in reading by editors The purpose of this paper is to assess distortion in Arabic poetry Khaghani and demonstrate the importance of this issue is the correct Arabic poetry. attend to the distortion, and finding the right words can be made ​​a better version of the Khaghani Arabic poetry. In this paper, the verses of Arabic poetry Khaghani that have been wrongly recorded in the existing editions and manuscripts investigated with respect to other criteria such as the valid version (London, Parliament, etc.), Persian poetry Khaghani works, the stylistic features of his poetry, meaning and corrected. Keywords: Khaghani, Arabic poetry Khaghani, distortion-corrected version.

Sa’di is on of those poets who`s has placed a special position to preaching and guiding the people and among his works, allocated throughout the text of bustan to advice and maxim on legal and ethical various subjects. Surely, sa`di on the way of to compose this work and expression of its moral point, direct or indirect have been affected by some previous sources and possibly using their content. The main purpose of this article is that the pay review of basis and sources of bustan`s maxims and show that sa’di when expression the maxims of this work has been affected by which of the texts and works. For this purpose is tried to with search and research on the resources that have been allocated more or less to the aphorisms, to discover and extract traces of influence sa`di from their moral and didactic content. From the most important the finding of this study can be mentioned that indirect effect of some pahlavi books of maxim (like maxims of azarbad marespandan and bozorgmehr book of maxim) and also noted sa`di directly influenced of moral and ethical works of poets and writers before him, and of this, sa`di`s influence from abo- shakur balkhi maxims, ferdowsi and keikavus is remarkable and noteworthy.

Color is one of the most efficient tools of creating a literary art. Although this element lacks today's diversity in the history of literature, it has always had an important and determining role in inducing concepts to audiences and literary images. Understanding the meaning of different colors used in ancient and modern poetry a groundbreaking attempt to enter the worlds of emotion ad thought of poets and to know the level of their mastery in using literary and form techniques. Given the importance of the subject, the present article is to analyze the function of different colors on content and rhetorical aspect of Attar's lyric; as a follower of Sanaei and pioneer of Rumi, Attar plays a large part in the brightening ancient Persian poetry, including lyricism. Reviewing his lyrics of romance, mysticism, and Qalandar from this from this perspective may lead to understanding another significant dimension of his thought and poems. He mainly uses color to influence meaning and content of romantic poems. The most frequent colors of his poems are: black, red, and green. Simile and irony are the most common techniques he used on this ground.

Archetype Theory, has been raised from Carl Gustav Young’s Psychoanalytical School. Young knows mental images and Sediments and Hereditary information which there are in the collective unconscious as Archetype. In other word, archetype is general type of repeated experiences and behaviors of human forefathers which rooted in collective unconscious. the most important Archetypes are "Anima"," Animus", "old wise man", "shadow", "mask", "rebirth" ,and "self" and "individuality". Kalila va Demna is the book which is full of allegorical stories, which because of their mythical aspect, are researchable from Archetypal Analytic criticism. One of this stories which Archetypal color is Dominant in it, is "Almalek and Albrahmh” from 16th chapter of Kalila va Demna. In this study, some archetypes such as "shadow", "Anima", "mask", "old wise man", " self " and "individuality" in the story of "Almalek and Albrahmh" from sixteenth chapter of book, has been analyzed. Since either this tale because of being legendary, and consisting of series of dreams – which have given it mythical, symbolic and interpretable nature – has capacity for archetypal analysis, or archetypal approach has high capacity and power to analyze such narrations. The story was investigated on mentioned view, and it was found that king Heblar which has stricken to a kind of Psychosis, Finds its way into the subconscious through dreams and After a confrontation with his anima, under guidance of old wise meets his self (true self) and reach to his individuality and Is rescued from distress. It can be said that the king starts his path of the individual process with a dream. He, in the bigining of the story, with the help of Iran Dokht and at the end of the story, with the help of minister is released of grief and psychosis.

A great deal of attempts and worthwhile research projects have been conducted to edit Khaqani’s poetical works and many verse reports, word explanations and interpretations were done. However, the accurate forms of some words and terms remained hidden and unknown because these words and interpretations have gotten obsolete and archaic over long period of time and they escaped the attention of text editors and critics. Needless to say that the alterations and changes of the handwriting of Persian language across centuriesis the main cause of these pitfalls and gaps of the case in point. The present study attempts to reconstruct and reinterpret one verse from Khaqani. After examining of its different records in different edited texts and reflection on its different explications, its accurate interpretation and originality have been evaluated and checked. Finally, having considered authorial weaknesses and inefficient meanings suggested by previous authors, a new interpretation and meaning was proposed.