Cell Journal (Yakhteh)
Year:2000 | Volume:2 | Issue:5|Papers Count:9

Introduction: A comparison of cytogenetic methods in the evaluation of occupationally received radiation dose by medical radiation workers and a study of adaptive response to subsequent higher radiation exposure in this group. Materials and Methods: Two cytogenetic methods, including chromosomal aberration analysis and cytokinesis – blocked micronucleus (CBMN) were carried out. The cytogenetic response of blood lymphocytes of 24 medical radiation worker, before and after one and two Gy gamma irradiation, was compared with the control group. Results: The frequencies of background the micronuclei assay and different chromosomal aberrations in radiation workers were more than those of non – exposed individuals (P<0.05). After one and two Gy in vitro irradiation of blood samples, these frequencies were lower for radiation worker than for the controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: Results indicate that in spite of considering a maximum permission dose by radiation workers, background level of cytogenetic defects in this group is higher than that of control group, but because of the adaptive response in cells wich were exposed to chroinic low doses of ionizing radation workers is lower than that of control group. The similarity of qualitative results in both methods, makes it possible to substitute simpler methods instead of complicated and time consuming ones.

Introduction: Varicocele is considered as a common cause of male infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters, sperm membrane integrity and sperm nuclear maturity. Materials and Methods: In this study along with routine semen analysis, hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST), and aniline blue staining for assessment of membrane integrity and nuclear maturity was carried out on 20 patients before operation as well as 45 and 90 days after it. Result: The analysis of the data showed an improvement in total sperm concentration and morphology after operation (P<0.05). Sperm nuclear maturity also showed a significant improvement after varicocelectomy, however no change was observed in mean HOST score before and after varicocelectomy. Conclusion: Varicocele impairs semen parameters and to certain extent sperm nuclear maturity, however it does not have any effect on membrane integrity. The improvement in semen parameters specially sperm density, morphology, and nuclear maturity might improve pregnancy rate after varicocelectomy.

Introduction: The suspected water samples contaminated with Legionella were enriched with Acanthamoebae. Small numbers of bacteria (not detectable by culture) can be multiplied in Amoebae up to culturable level in co-culture condition. The conventional culture method for legionnaires' disease bacterium always suffers from low sensitivity. This co-culture method can significantly improve culture sensitivity. Materials and Methods: Legionella spp. generally benefits from interacting with free living amoebae in an aquatic environment. Acanthamoebae (the natural host of the legionella) was used for enrichment of preliminary culture-negative samples. The enriched samples were then cultured again on a supplemented selective media, then were confirmed with the agglutination test, direct immunofluorescence and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: L. Pneumophila were isolated from 15% of the samples and confirmed by biochemical tests as well as legionella latex agglutination test and then grouped by direct fluorescent antibody and restriction fragment length ploymorphism. Conclusion: In fact, this method has enhanced the bacterial multiplication (in original sample prior to culturing). We assume that all negative samples encountered in legionella laboratories should be submitted for additional culture after preliminary enrichment with Acanthamoebae castellanii.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of RPMI and T6 medium on two cell mouse embryo co-culture with Vero cells. Materials and Methods: Two cell mouse embryos (NMRI Strain) were flushed from the excised uteri of superovulated mice. Morphologically normal embryos were divided into four groups: the first control group was cultured on T6 media. The first experimental group was co-culture with Vero using T6 media. The second control and experimental groups cultured on RPMI only and Vero using RPMI media respectively. The developmental rate of each group was recorded daily for four days. Results: The developmental rate of embryos which reached morula stage in the firstand second experimental groups were 84% and 75% respectively with significant difference (P<0.05). Meanwhile 82% of the first experimental group formed into blastocyst, accordingly the second group showed 57% and the difference between them was significant (P<0.0001). The difference between the two experimental groups which reached the hatching stage was not significant. Conclusion: The results suggest that the embryo co-culture with Vero cells improve the in vitro development, but the type of the medium must be considered, which can be helpful for cell proliferation and embryos development.

Introduction: An induction of osteogenic differentiation in rat bone marrow stromal cell cultures by dexamethasone was reported. Materials and Methods: The marrow stromal cells obtained from 4 to 6 weeks - old Spruge-Dawely male rats were grown in primary culture for 7 days and then subcultured for 20 days. The cells were cultured in either DMEM medium containing 15% fetal calf serum, antibiotics and ascorbic acid; or the above medium supplemented with either 10 mM Na-b glycerophosphate (Na-β GP), 10-8 M dexamethasone (Dex) or a combination of both. The cultures were stainded with cresyl violet, toluidine blue and alizarin red S and examined under phase-contrast microscopy. Results: Primary culture: The stromal cells in the primary culture formed cell colonies at day 5 and reached confluency by day 7. Subculture: The bone marrow stromal cells in the subculture formed cell colonies by day 2. All subcultures reached confluency after 3 to 5 days; except those cells grown in primary cultury and subculture in the presence of Dex or Dex and Na-bGP which failed to reach confluency at any time. The later cultures formed isolated islands of cells. At the 8th day, dense cultures of polygonal cells became evident in the centers of these islands. The cultures increased in size with time. Conclusion: Three-dimentional nodular structures developed in relation to the clusters at 10th to 11th days in the cultures containing both Dex and Na-bGP Introduction: An induction of osteogenic differentiation in rat bone marrow stromal cell cultures by dexamethasone was reported. Materials and Methods: The marrow stromal cells obtained from 4 to 6 weeks - old Spruge-Dawely male rats were grown in primary culture for 7 days and then subcultured for 20 days. The cells were cultured in either DMEM medium containing 15% fetal calf serum, antibiotics and ascorbic acid; or the above medium supplemented with either 10 mM Na-b glycerophosphate (Na-β GP), 10-8 M dexamethasone (Dex) or a combination of both. The cultures were stainded with cresyl violet, toluidine blue and alizarin red S and examined under phase-contrast microscopy. Results: Primary culture: The stromal cells in the primary culture formed cell colonies at day 5 and reached confluency by day 7. Subculture: The bone marrow stromal cells in the subculture formed cell colonies by day 2. All subcultures reached confluency after 3 to 5 days; except those cells grown in primary cultury and subculture in the presence of Dex or Dex and Na-βGP which failed to reach confluency at any time. The later cultures formed isolated islands of cells. At the 8th day, dense cultures of polygonal cells became evident in the centers of these islands. The cultures increased in size with time. Conclusion: Three-dimentional nodular structures developed in relation to the clusters at 10th to 11th days in the cultures containing both Dex and Na-βGP.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of topical application of honey on the burn of full-thickness skin in rats. Materials and Methods: 40 adult female rats were divided into two groups and each group was subdivided into control and two experimental subgroups. The experiments were carried out under nitrofurazone anaesthesia. A third degree burn was carried out in the experimental subgroups using boiling water on the dorsum of the rats. The day of burning was considered as day zero. The control subgroup did not receive any treatment. The first experimental subgroup received topical dressing of honey once per day. The second experimental subgroup received topical dressing of nitrofurazone cream once per day. The durations of the study of the first and second groups were 15 and 30 days respectively. The rats were sacrified by ether and the wounds as well as adjacent normal tissues were sampled, fixed, processed for routine technique and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stains. Regional density of new epithelium and the numerical density of the blood vessels as well as the region numerical density of the blood vessles were calculated. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of the variance. Resutls: Statistical analysis of the data showed the following results: 1. The difference between regional density of epithelium of control group and other groups was significant. 2. The differences between the numerical density of blood vessels of the nitrofurazone group and other group were significant. 3. The differences between the numerical density of blood vessels in the second experimental subgroups and the controls, the nitrofurazone group and first experimental subgroup, of nitrofurazone group and controls were significant. Conclusion: The honey treated experimental subgroup showed a significant healing as compared with the controls and better than that of the nitrofurazone- treated group.

Introduction: Pattellofemoral pain syndrome (P.F.P.S) is the most common problem in knee joint. Various authors have indicated that imbalance of muscle activity between vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) might lead to P.F.P.S. The objective is to determine the effect of patellar taping on VMO/VL myoelectric activity ratio during maximal isometric contraction in open and closed kinetic chain (OKC and CKC). Materials and Methods: Thirty subjects aged 20-30 years without P.F.P.S were examined. Integrated biofeedback was detemined for VMO/VL muscles activity ratio of a prefered leg. Results: The result indicated a significant increase in VMO/VL muscle activity ratio with patellar taping in OKC (P=0.03) and CKC (P=0.002). Conclusion: The patellar taping facilitates VMO activity. However, it enhances VMO/VL muscle activity ratio.

Introduction: The septal region is part of the telencephalon and is a component of the limbic system. The lateral septal area (LS); largest nuclear mass in this region, plays a pivotal role in various physiological processes, such as aggression, emotion, thermoregulation, water and food intake and sexual behaviour. To support the functional analysis of this brain area in the rat, the sources of its afferents were determined using HRP retrograde tract tracing technique. Materials and Methods: One microliter of HRP (25%, sigma) injected by stereotaxic surgery and through hamilton syringe septum (LS) 48 hours after surgery. Perfusion fixation and sectioning on animal brain, were performed. TMB histochemistry reaction using HRP was used for this purpose. Results: Retrogradely labeled perikarya was observed ipsilaterally in diagonal band of Broca and hippocampus in telencephalon, paraventricular, parataenial, reuniens, lateroposterior, interanterodorsal and mediodorsal nuclei of the thalamus, lateral preoptic area, anterior and dorsal hypothalamus, lateral hypothalamus/tuber cinereum, perifornical area, posterior hypothalamus, submammillothalamic, supramammillary and lateral mammillary nuclei in diencephalon, ventral tegmental area, interfascicularis nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, raphe nuclei, tegmental nuclei, central gray area and locus coeruleus in brain stem. Conclusion: These results indicate that according to its connections, the LS is an integrative center that receives cognitive, behavioural and autonomic informations and probably is a center for modulating these informations.