Applied Psychology
Year:2016 | Volume:10 | Issue:1 (37) |Papers Count:9

Aim: The aim of research was to ascertain the effectiveness of stress management based on cognitive-behavioral method on impulsivity and mental health of addicted people. Method: The method of research was quasiexperimental whit pre-test, post-test with control group and statistical society was 200 addicted people who were under methadone maintenance therapy in Aryana Teb clinic of in 2014. Through of them 20 addicted were selected by available sampling model and were randomly put into 10 individuals in experimental group and 10 individuals in control group. The impulsivity inventory of Barratt, 2004 and depression, anxiety and stress scale of Lovibond & Lovibond (1995) at first, the end and two month after the end of therapy in follow-up stage were completed by participants and stress management training based on cognitive-behavioral method of Antony, Lechner, Kazi & Wimberly (2007) during 10 sessions of 90-minutes in 2 times in a week was held for experimental group. Results: The results showed significant difference in two experimental and control group profiles in impulsivity (F = 4. 58, P<0. 001) and also mental health (F = 6. 11, P<0. 02) in both post-test and followup stages. Conclusion: Whereas stress management training based on cognitive-behavioral method by using of techniques such as; relaxation, cognitive restructuring and anger management can increase mental health and reduce impulsivity of addicted people, so using of it is suggested as a therapeutic effective method.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness outpouring anxiety the writing was on the efficacy and emotional control in anxious students. Methods: A quasi-experimental control group, the control group and pretest, posttest, and follow-up was 3 months old. The population was 600 high school students to the true martyr. After screening test anxiety about 200 people, 30 students had the highest scores on anxiety sampling method selected and after matching the experimental group and a control group of 15 were replaced. Beck anxiety inventory and research tool Steer (1990) Scherrer selfefficacy and Maddox (1982) Williams test of emotional control and Chalmers (1997) and interference with emotional expression Pene Baker (1995) Four 30 minute sessions per week had a meeting. Data using the statistical method of variance with repeated measures analysis of variance and the method. Results: The effect of outflow due to the significant difference between the scores of the two groups of experimental and control emotional and sustainability of these results in the follow-up efficacy (F = 23. 67, P = 0. 001) To control emotions (F = 11. 10, P = 0. 001) And in anxiety (F = 11. 9, P = 0. 001) shows. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be externalized emotional therapy as an easy manner, Low-cost, effective and broad applicability in reducing anxiety, improving efficacy and emotional control to be used.

Aim: the present study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of group therapy with the approach of logo therapy on general health of elderlies. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, follow-up and control group. Subjects were all elderlies admitted to Yas daily rehabilitation center located in Tehran City in first six months in 1393 which estimated around 150. The sample of the study consisted of 24 elderlies 65-75 who were selected by available sampling and were sited randomly in an experimental and a control group (12 persons in each group). General health (Goldberg, 1978) questionnaire was implemented in three stages pre-test, post-test and followup. The experimental group received eight two hours logo therapy sessions twice a week through group therapy (Frankel, 1994) method and the control group was placed in the waiting list. Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Studding of the research results showed that group therapy approach to logo therapy is effective in improving general health of elderlies (F = 5. 04, P = 0. 001). A three-month follow-up confirmed this result (F = 8. 577, P = 0. 002). Conclusion: So this approach can help elderlies to know more about their status and hope more to life. Also therapists should improve their knowledge and experience to increase development and mental health of elderlies.

Aim: This study was aimed at investigating the basic structure of WISC-IV using Multidimensional Scaling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis and comparing the results to the assumed model. Method: Design of the study was correlational. Out of 1314 male students studying at 6th distinct of Tehran, 200 were sampled using cluster sampling method. Wechsler intelligence test for children-Fourth edition was used to assess intelligence. Gathered data were analyzed using multidimensional scaling and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: MDS resulted in 3 separate dimensions (processing speed, presentation mode and response mode) (Stress = 0. 021, P = 0. 04). 4-factorial model was not admissible (χ 2 = 102. 63, P = 0. 04). However, fit indices of Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis along with some modifications confirmed the 3-factorial model (χ 2 = 99. 00, P = 0. 055). Conclusion: According to the results WISC-IV scores could be better understood using 3 factorial solution rather than the existing 4-factorial structure so it is suggested that 3-factorial solution could be used in clinical context and for counseling purposes.

Aim: the aim of this study is determine the sensitivity Digit Span, Word Span, Non-Word Span tests on Assessment of working memory in children and the psychometric properties of these tests. Method: Ex post facto research method and the population of all elementary school students of Tehran district one and the number was 83345 people. Among them through purposeful sampling, 178 male and female students studying In the second semester 2014-15 at elementary schools of Tehran district one (Including schools: Farzandan Iran zamin, Farzane 2, Edalat 1, Zahha) With regard to the criteria for entry and exit Research Including lack of psychiatric drugs, lack of physical illness and informed consent to participate in the study were selected. The Research tools include tests: Digit Span (Gathercole & Pickering, 2000), word (Marconi, Ott, Pesenti, Ratti & Tavella, 1993) and nonword (Gathercole, Willis, Baddeley & Emsile, 1994). Data using discriminant analysis and analysis of multivariate variance were analyzed. Results: The results showed that non-word span test had the highest correlation with diagnostic function and is more reliable in recognizing the dextrally (F = 14. 31, P<0. 009). Also, non-word span test has a suitable psychometric sensitivity in measuring working memory in children along with age increase (F = 22. 36, P<0. 006). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, non-word span test included better psychometric features comparing with span word and digit span tests. This test could be used in research and clinical settings.

Aim: Study aim was to determine teachers’ psychological well-being based on their spiritual intelligence, problem solving styles and perfectionism in Aleshtar. Method: Method was correlational and the statistical population includes 350 persons from all Aleshtar teachers at high school level in academic year 2011-2012 from 10 high schools, 5 female high schools and 5 male high schools and 10 teachers from each school and 100 persons were selected based on the multistage cluster sampling eventually. Date were collected through the Questionnaires of King spiritual intelligence (2008), Cassidy and Long's problem solving styles (1996), Terry-Short's perfectionism (1995), and Riff's psychological well-being (1998). Result: Results indicated that spiritual intelligence (β = 0. 091, P<0. 004), positive problem-solving styles (β = 0. 361, P<0. 001) and positive perfectionism (β = 0. 424, P<0. 008) has a positive and significant relationship with psychological well-being. On the other hand there had not been found any relationship between negative problem-solving styles (β = 0. 007, P = 0. 251, ), and negative perfectionism (β = 0. 442, P = 0. 243) with psychological well-being (P = 0. 001). Negative perfectionism variables, positive perfectionism and positive problem-solving styles also predict 33/6 percent of changes in psychological well-being. Conclusion: Spiritual intelligence leads to admire the value of life philosophy and to choose precious goals, as well as positive problem-solving and perfectionism ends in adopting reasonable and accessible measures for performance and the ability of understanding the problem and the adaptation of person with different problems of life which influence all these psychological well-being factors positively.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the mediating role of perseverative thinking in relationship between perfectionism and generalized anxiety disorder. Methods: The study method was a descriptive-correlation one. Among 29800 patients was admitted to Razi hospital in the Qazvin city in year 2015, 221 patients that had the characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder were chosen by judgmental sampling method. The study instruments consisted of Flett and Hewitt perfectionism scale 1991, Spitzer generalized anxiety scale 2006, and Ehring, Zetsche, Weidacker, Wahl & Ehlers perseverative thinking questionnaires (2010). The data was analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. Results: Data analysis showed that: Perseverative thinking mediated the relationship between perfectionism and generalized anxiety disorder (β = 0. 21, P>0. 05). The direct effect of perfectionism on perseverative thinking (β = 0. 47, P>0. 01) and the direct effect of perfectionism on generalized anxiety disorder (β = 0. 16, P>0. 05). Were approved. Conclusion: Perfectionism and perseverative thinking have predictive roles on generalized anxiety disorder. The perfectionists with perseverative thinking trait, experience more generalized anxiety disorder. It is recommended that in preparation of planning programs for generalized anxiety disorder treatment special attention be paid to perfectionism and perseverative thinking.