Sport Management Journal
Year:2016 | Volume:7 | Issue:6|Papers Count:19

Today, the complexity of urban issues has led many variables to be influential in site selection that and the importance and value of each criterion in each region should be considered. The aim of this study was to determine and prioritize site selection criteria of sport facilities by AHP for equal access. Research method was descriptive-survey and application. Library resources and a questionnaire were used to collect data. Firstly, criteria were determined and AHP was used to weigh them and Excel was applied to draw figures. Results showed that four criteria of population density (0.510), access (0.272), development potential (0.152) and neighborhood (0.067) had the highest importance in site selection of sport facilities respectively. Unlike most executive agencies in Iran, as 70% of the sport budget is allocated to development and construction of sports facilities (Asadi, 2009), necessity and importance of investment and increased efficiency in different dimensions get more evident. So, with regards to the needs of any region to establish sport facilities, planners and decision makers should achieve maximum efficiency from minimum resources and economize additional costs using new methods such as AHP.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between job burnout and sources of stress and coping strategies in the referees of Iran premier league.103 referees were selected as the sample. Sources of Stress Inventory (Voight, 2009), MBI (Maslach & Jackson, 1996) and WCQ (Billings & Moos, 1981) were used to collect data. Results showed a significant relationship between confrontation, interpersonal conflict and role conflict and job burnout. Interpersonal conflict and role conflict predicted job burnout. Problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping strategies were negatively and significantly correlated with job burnout. These two strategies predicted job burnout. It can be concluded that stress is directly related to job burnout in referees of football premier league and job burnout highly reduces referees' performance. It is recommended that football federation authorities should consider sources of stress and coping strategies to reduce referees' burnout and finally to improve their performance.

The aim of this study was to identify sport marketing barriers in Iran from sport managers’ perspectives. The statistical population involved top managers of Sport and Youth Ministry, National Olympic Committee and sport federations (N=80). Sample was equal to the population and 67 questionnaires were returned correctly. A researcher-made questionnaire (with 40 items) was used to measure sport marketing barriers in five factors including economic, legal, managerial, structural and environmental. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 experts and its reliability was obtained as 0.86 in a pilot study. Data analysis showed that sport marketing barriers in Iran were respectively legal, structural, managerial, environmental and economic. So, sport politicians must consider these barriers before designing sport marketing development strategies and determining their priorities.

The aim of the current study was to design a model to investigate the effect of creativity and to share tacit and explicit knowledge on performance of Sport and Youth offices and sport boards in Isfahan. It was a descriptive survey and a practical one. A combination of Wang and Wang (2012) Knowledge Sharing, Kaplan & Norton (1992) Performance, Zhou & George (2001), and Coelho et al. (2011) Creativity questionnaires were used. The population consisted of all the employees of Sport and Youth offices and sport boards in Isfahan, and 182 subjects were randomly selected. The reliability of the questionnaire was found to be 0.85 according to Cronbach’s alpha. In addition, to measure the validity of the model, Structural Equation Modeling was applied. The relationships of the variables were verified by the results of path analysis. The results showed that creativity had a significant and positive effect on employees' knowledge sharing, and knowledge sharing had a significant and positive effect on performance in Sport and Youth offices and sport boards in Isfahan.

The aim of this study was to predict job burnout based on employees’ participation in Sport and Youth general offices in Great Khorasan. This study used a descriptive correlation approach. The statistical population included all staff in Sport and Youth general offices in Great Khorasan. Due to the limited size of population, census sampling method was used. In fact, the sample equaled the population (N=n=140). To achieve the required data, a demographic questionnaire, the researcher-made staff participation questionnaire and Maslach's job burnout questionnaire were used. Their face and content validity was confirmed by 10 university professors and their reliability was calculated in a pilot study by Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficient as α=0.92 for participation questionnaire and a=0.87 for burnout questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics methods such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results showed a significant reverse relationship between the staff’s participation and all three dimensions of job burnout (emotional burnout, personality deficiency, performance reduction). Staff’s participation predicted 31% of their job burnout variance (R2=0.31, P=0.001, F=49.291).

Gymnastics as a basic sport needs learning basic skills and abilities such as strength, speed, flexibility and agility. Team coaches and supervisors always try to evaluate and measure these skills using designed tests in different time periods. Identifying the success of a gymnast based on these results needs tremendous experience. Accordingly this paper attempted to localize the standard test of America national team in accordance with age and sex of Kurdistan gymnasts and to evaluate various skills based on data mining techniques so that the most influential skills in gaining good results can be examined by algorithms of extracting key parameters. Results indicated that the most influential factors in the success of a gymnast in the tests were power and speed. Finally, it can be noted that gymnasts who have more power and speed than the others at the beginning of the exercise can be more successful in this field.

The aim of this study was to examine dimensions of tax exemptions in Iran sport from viewpoints of managers of sport clubs and sport experts. The research method was descriptive and correlation. Statistical population included the managers of sport clubs and sport experts in three provinces of Tehran, Isfahan and Fars. Sample of managers were equal to the statistical population (N=n=25) and the sample of sport experts was selected by convenience random sampling method (n=30). Dimensions of tax exemptions in Iran sport were analyzed by a 20-item researcher-made questionnaire. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 15 professors. The reliability was obtained as (a=0.86). The findings showed that tax exemptions in sport were not acceptable according to the managers of sport clubs and sport experts. Moreover, the path coefficient of fundamentals of tax exemptions and total tax exemptions, path coefficient of income base tax exemptions and total tax exemptions, and path coefficient of topic tax exemptions and total tax exemptions were confirmed. It is suggested that Iran tax legislative organizations, especially the sections of exemptions, analyze again the exemptions related to the sport, and provide the ground for participation of private sector in sport.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sport shoes packaging in persuading different groups of athletes to buy sport shoes. The methodology was descriptive-survey. The statistical population consisted of 1800 athletes of sport clubs of Poldokhtar city.329 subjects were selected as the sample by Morgan Table using clustering random sampling method in those clubs. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data and its content validity was approved by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach Alpha method as a=0.89. Results showed that among packaging characteristics, design was the most important factor which played a role in persuading athletes to buy sport shoes while information had the lowest importance. Also, design and protection was more important (to persuade to buy sport shoes) to women than men and athletes with no university degrees more than those with Bachelor.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational spirituality and its dimensions and organizational citizenship behavior in the staff of Sport and Youth office in Tehran province. This study used a descriptive-correlation approach which was carried out as a field study. The statistical population consisted of all staff of Sport and Youth office and 132 subjects were selected as the sample according to Morgan Table. To collect data, Organizational Spirituality Questionnaire (Melemin, 2003) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire (Organ & Konovsky, 1996) were used. Their validity was confirmed by university professors and experts and their reliability was estimated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient as a=0.89 for Organizational Spirituality Questionnaire and a=0.83 for OCB Questionnaire respectively. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. The results indicated a significant and positive relationship between organizational spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior. Also, stepwise regression results showed that the dimensions of meaningful work, religiosity and attunement with the organization could significantly explain organizational citizenship behavior.

This study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial skills in physical education students. The research method was descriptive – correlation and application in terms of aim which was carried out as a field study. The statistical population consisted of physical education students of University of Tehran (N=843).265 subjects were selected by Cochran Formula. Stratified random sampling method was used to select the sample. To collect data, EI Questionnaire by Nwokah and Ahiauzu (2009) and Entrepreneurial Skills Questionnaire by Biech (2007) were used. The validity of both questionnaires was confirmed by 11 sport management experts. Their reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.821 and 0.794. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (K-S test, Spearman correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression) were used. Findings showed a significant and positive relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial skills of students (r=0.508). Also, there was a significant relationship between self-management (r=0.471), relationship management (r=0.528) and social awareness (r=0.718) and entrepreneurial skills. Stepwise multiple regression showed that among the four components of emotional intelligence, self-management with multiple correlation coefficient (R=0.721), social awareness (R=0.821) and relationship management (R=0.853) could predict entrepreneurial skills. It seems that emotional intelligence and thereby students' entrepreneurial skills can be improved by necessary education.