FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:37 |Papers Count:7

This research studies the persistence of accruals and cash flows and pricing them by investors. So, Sloan theory (1996) and functional fixation theory have been used. The research method is simultaneous equation. The statistical sample consists of 66 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time domain is from 1382 to 1395. To determine the data layout, the Limer and Hausman tests were used and to test the hypotheses t-Student test and Wald test were used. The results show that the persistence of accruals is less than cash flows and investors consider lower persistence of accruals than cash flows, but less persistence of accruals in net loss reporting years and less persistence of accruals than cash flows in net loss reporting years were not approved.

The history of financial crises dates back to the financial markets. Different dates have been identified as the financial crises date of occurrence in various exchanges around the world; this is while no research has been carried out in this regard in Iran so far. Therefore, according to the methodology of Olbrys and Majewska (2014) and considering the inflation factor, regardless of the type and possible causes of financial crises, the periods of financial crises in the Tehran Stock Exchange between years 2001 to 2017 were determined in a direct manner. Based on the results of this study, Tehran Stock Exchange has experienced two periods of financial crisis during 2008 and 2015. Also, by comparing the timing of the crises with the crises of the eight European and American countries[1], it became clear that only part of the period of the initial crisis of the Tehran Stock Exchange was shared with them, and the second one has no isochronism with these countries.

As an important issue in accounting and managerial processes, performance measurement plays an essential role in obtaining the goals and accomplishing missions of the organization. This becomes increasingly important especially in public sector, where the majority of people are influenced by its behaviors and models. In this regard, the current study aims at identifying the factors which influence managerial performance in Regional Electricity Companies in Iran via modeling the factors influencing managerial performance. In this study, comprehensive performance measurement system is presented as independent variable, and accounting information, role clarity, and psychological empowerment are presented as moderating variables. The methodology of the study is survey, employing correlational descriptive method via questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was the mangers working in Regional Electricity Companies in Iran, who could, in a way or another, be facilitative in overall decision-making. To do that, 160 questionnaires were distributed among senior managers in Regional Electricity Companies, however, only 125 completed questionnaires were collected. In order to test the hypotheses of the study, the researcher made use of SPSS, Smart PLS. The results indicated that role clarity and psychological empowerment can play the role of moderating variables, whereas, accounting information cannot play such a role. The results further indicated that comprehensive performance measurement system influences the managers’ cognition and motivation, which, in turn, influence managerial performance.

The aim of research is an Investigation of The effect of Financial Constraints on the Relationship Between Firm geographical location and Cash Holdings of the Iranian listed companies at the Tehran stock exchange. Also it Study this relationship between constrained and un-constrained companies. For this Purpose data about 199 listed companies is gathered and analyses in the cross section regressions model. Geographical location as the independent variable of the study was to measure by the cosine distance and level of cash holdings is measured by balance of cash in the end of fiscal year as dependent variable. As this research uses indicators of Whited and Wu, Kaplan-Zingals and dividends as a measures of financial constraint. The findings show that there is a significant positive relationship between the geographical location of the company and the level of cash holdings. and this relationship is stronger in firms with financial constraints. This finding re-emphasize of the existence of agency cost in the Tehran stock exchange.

Tracking of macro financial corruptions in many countries have shown that how weakness in internal control can lead to significant and main distortions in financial statements. Regarding the importance of these controls, the present study was focused on the effect of accounting quality on important weaknesses of the internal control. In order to evaluate of this hypothesis, the effect of independent variables of operating cash items, total accruals, operating accruals items and investing accruals items were investigated as measurement of accounting quality on the dependent variable, which is the internal control material weaknesses. The statistical population of the study consisted of the 129 companies that meet definite conditions and listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1390-1394. Regression analysis showed that the total accrual items and operating accruals items have a significant positive effect on control material weaknesses and invest accruals items and operating cash items with internal control weaknesses had a significantly negative relationship.

The rising cost of trading disrupts investors' strategies and reduces return on investment. Planning on this issue through strong mechanisms of corporate governance can reduce trading costs. To this end, the present paper examined the effect of some mechanisms of corporate governance on the stock trading cost. The population consisted of 97 firms enlisted on Tehran stock Exchange during 2009-2016. The hypotheses were analyzed using multivariate regression model. The results showed that major firm owners exacerbate information asymmetry among minority shareholders and uninformed investors through access to confidential and internal information, and thus increase the stock trading cost. Moreover, personal incentives of directors such as ownership requires investors to understand, process and interpret information, and to impose the stock trading cost on investors. Other results showed that the quality of information improves and the stock trading cost reduces because of the role of independent members of the board of directors in monitoring activities of directors.