JOURNAL OF STYLISTIC OF PERSIAN POEM AND PROSE (BAHAR-E-ADAB)
Year:2014 | Volume:7 | Issue:2 (24)|Papers Count:21

In the contemporary century, Persian poem has got through different and various styles. One of these new styles is Persian postmodern poem, which specially was introduced in early 1370s. However it follows the previous decades’ innovation, but creating according to the western evolution in Iran provides it some aspects that make it distinctive and different from last decades’ poem. In fact postmodern poem is in contrast with classic Persian poem in form, language, content, picture, and literature style. Because of that it has been criticized by many researchers.In this research we tried to analyze the weaknesses and strengths of this kind of poem by studying the style in three levels: language, content, and literature. The result shows that the meaning inattention in content level, extra attention to language and language abnormalities and disorders in language level, and lack of the picture usage in literature level are aspects of these poems. For these reasons it doesn’t match with the test of Iranians who have a strong faith to these elements.

Poets and writers are of the biggest blessings God have the largest role in the development of their communities. Their poetry stemming from the ideas of the sublime, is the light of way always in different ages of human progress.Introduction to Linear version poets and review their content and style, add the extent of our knowledge about them. The manuscript of “Meraj Alkhyal” by Hossein Shirazi poets of eleventh century and a known man in Safavid- is one of them.Our goal in writing this paper is to examine the content and style of the manuscript, by this means that content review and analysis of literary and stylistic features of the manuscript answer this question that the terms of content and style, what are its characteristics and which method poets used to express their poetic content?The results of this study, it has been The Masnavi is the inside source mystical allegory and the various verses and traditions, is one of the best Masnavi and Hindi style. Poet use array and tips of words to express the mystical teachings of the appeal.

The present research paper tries to answer the following questions based on the unique manuscript copy of the long lyrical poem of Firouz and Nasrin:Who has composed this long lyrical poem? When was the composer living? What was his position?Firouz and Nasrin is one of the lyrical long poems that has followed the pattern of Nezami’s Khosrou and Shirin and his composer was Mirza Seyyed Ali Shirazi whose literary pseudonym was Niyaz, the poet, physician and calligrapher of 12th A.H. century.The only manuscript copy that exist, is a manuscript written by the composer that its origin is being kept at the central library of Astan Quds Razavi.Since this copy is the first draft which the writer himself has corrected, removed or changed some couplets, it has been of great value.

Despite the relatively large stroke of prosodic features Khorasani style of poetry. The question is, what is the reason for the emergence of a stroke? The answer to this question can be raised three possibilities: 1-at that time there were rules that apply to the reader does not feel the stroke and the stroke is the result of a sense of poetry readers today.2-strokes are the result of his efforts for the inclusion of easier words and meaning within the weight limit.3-for the removal of restrictions on musical rhythms, while the feeling and emotion in a poem, the poet has used the help of prosodic infarction.In this study, we exclude the first possibility, the court reviewed Nasir has shown that many of his odes stroke is the third kind. Prosodic infraction also can be used as a factor to attract the attention of the reader does not learn.

Eulogistic verses have been regarded pessimistically from the distant past due to negative implication of praise and exaggeration for eulogizing others. However, this type of verse has very valuable and considerable functions apart from some verses full of unreasonable exaggeration and eulogies. Perhaps, if there was no eulogistic verse, many poetical works of the poets would not be accessible to us. In addition to this valuable service, eulogistic verse has proper functions of which study corrects view of researchers, literary scientists and readers about eulogies. It is necessary to note that historical advantages are of the benefits which are gained from eulogistic verse. Poets included abundant historical points in their verse while composing eulogies and many of these points cannot be found in any historical book. In this paper, we extract some of these functions in eulogistic odes of Khaghani and show historical hints in eulogistic odes of Khaghani to find that some of them are useful for clarifying ambiguous dimensions of history.

Maulana Mirza Abdul Qadir Biddle Dehlavi- his own style of thinking- that “Abolmaany” was named. His poems have special characteristics that influence him to a large extent the poets Afghanistan and Pakistan and India to Kashmir and Tajikistan and Central Asia and even the new poetry can be a good.Biedl among the poets and writers of the past, such as a few characters that has the highest proficiency philosophical and mystical ideas put into simple words and create something worthwhile that matured in terms of eloquence and words in the meaning and content of the highest human thought process goes.The author of this article tried to introduce research Biddle and also those who have researched on the introduction of the hidden layers Biddle’s talk show. The meaning of diversity and difference in the level of her poems that she created a personal style complex and difficult.Due to the complexity and multi-layered meanings and look gay speechs of Biddle direct result of his deep mystical and philosophy that has important issues to say in verse.Biddle look deeply at his speech has created innovative and refreshing. As far as the idea of the unity of the universe but simply expresses the manifestation of the essence of love does not know.

Prosodic system has four articles of Persian prose texts written by sages due to the inclusion of four fan Teacher, poetry, astronomy, medicine, and is of great importance. This work, including minimalistic style and beside the eloquence and charm of its tales, shows outstanding sections of great characters through four techniques. Its prose impresses the audience’s emotions directly. Such considerations in defining the exact nature of poetry and the poetic qualities and elements to the imagination. The last time official, this book includes Trajm literary writers, poets, astronomers Medical and is closer to the author or his contemporary and often the first source of reference to the lives of some of those poets, writers and scholars is considered. This paper discusses the importance and value of different angles and position of the four papers as part of literary studies and Iranian influence in mind.

According to the rhetorical writers, imperative statement is indicated as a command or asking something by a superior position and it intends to order the addressee; moreover, imperatives deviate from their real meanings and the speaker uses them for other purposes such as reform, request, desire, imploring for mercy etc.This paper aims to survey the secondary purposes of imperative statements in Saadi’s sonnets (Ghazals); it shows that Saadi applied them for different purposes and rhetorical intentions with different range of uses. He is a poet who used the capacity of the language to convey the minute details and goals of rhetoric. The survey is a fundamental research based on the descriptive-analytic method and the results have been analyzed contextually. Statistical society is 714 and the sample size is 238 based on Cochran’s formula arranged in random sampling. The results show that Saadi paid attention to the secondary purposes in 32 sonnets and his purposes exceed the range of purposes mentioned in rhetorical books.The high frequency of purposes include respectively: request and desire, reform, imploring for mercy, persuasion, affliction, and appeal. The statements and their different purposes were included in imperative sentences simultaneously by the speaker.

Moshtaqieh’s Odes are the gnostic poems of Mirza Mohammad Taqi who is well-known as Mosaphar Ali Shah or MolaviKermani. This lyric collection contains of 126 gnostic odes which were composed by this poet. What is being inferred from this text indicates the knowledge of that poet, the Hadiths, gnostic notions and expressions, literal devices, astronomical rules, knowledge of words, etc. The use of linguistic rules and Arabic combinations such as innovation in using words, additional and descriptive combinations, the especial application of verbs and the other elements of expressions as well, the attention of that poet to the allocation of meanings to some of the literary devices are the features of his style. His reversion (regression) from the implications of Arabic and Persian works indicates the broad knowledge and thoughts in his Islamic works. The use of especial gnostic notions such as Logic Munificent, the Great Holiness, the Unseen Witness, the importance of light, grace, poverty, fate, etc. show the tendency of writer to the gnostic and Sufism notions and also the especial spiritual experiences. The present paper aimed to study these two main questions:- What is the result of MolaviKermani’ attention toward the use of gnostic notions and expressions of literary devices and his regression from the preceding points?- What is the place of innovation, in particular the use of descriptive and additional combinations, words, the composite adjectives, etc. in the thought of this poet?

Dream and its interpretation have thinkable records throughout human history. In Quran and Shiite Imams’ Hadiths, there are many references to dream interpretation. One of the famous Persian interpretation dream books and claimed to be the most comprehensive of them is Royal dream interpretation by Ghazi Abarghuei. However, the question is whether this interpretation of dreams book us simply an imitation of the words of well-known dream interpreters and previously written texts or the author has innovations in the book? Ghazi Abarghuei has been able to present the style of the book to be adorned and technical with the knowledge of Persian poetry and prose. Regarding the rhyme-making, mixing poetry and prose, observance of brevity and avoidance of redundancy, expressing of interesting anecdotes and historical narrative, referring to Quranic verses and prophetic sayings and … causes the literary and linguistic richness of the book in 8th century A.H. frequently quoting from the poems of “Khargushi Poems” by anonymous composed on dream interpretation, but so far, there has been no trace of it is another advantage of the book. In the present article, the as well as literary, linguistic style and content of this dream interpretation book are investigated.

Translation of emerging trends is the emergence of new trends in the social, political and cultural in Qajar Persia caused a significant role in the emergence of new ideas in the new post-revolutionary period had.One of the pioneers in this field, Mirza Yusuf Etesami Atsamalmolk is famous, he is one of the Qajar intellectuals and scholars with extensive activities in the field of transplantation and the homology role literature has played in Iran and the world, besides valuable works of poetry and prose, especially in new and different areas of thematic and structural modernism literature has been presented.As befitting the role and influence of the scholar and translator of modern Iranian literature research has been done in the present study relied on analytical methods, and works of the first to introduce paid Atsamalmlk, then with a review of writing themes innovations pioneered a new approach him in various fields of literature shows.

Ferdowsi and Daqiqi have not clearly talk about their religious tenets, therefore, there are different ideas about them. Nowadays, different groups of researchers introduce them as Muslim (belong to Sunni, Shia, Isma’ili, Zaidi) or Zoroastrian. In this paper, we are going to investigate if the information regarding Zoroastrianism in the Shahnameh confirm the researchers who know Ferdowsi and Daqiqi as Zoroastrian? For this purpose the Zoroastrian elements of the Shahnameh are investigated to evaluate how much they are in accordance with the realities.Our study on both parts belong to Ferdowsi and Daqiqi confirms that there are different cases in which Zoroastrian elements described improperly or have been replaced with Islamic beliefs and rituals. Therefore, Zoroastrianism as their faith is faced serious challenges. The outcome of this study confirm them as Muslim. Furthermore, their improperly description and explanation about the Zoroastrian elements most probable go back to lack of exact information and personal experiments in this case.

The subject of this research is presentation of the book “chahar khiaban e baghe ferdows” (four avenue of ferdows garden) by Mirza ahmade elhami kermanshahi as religions epic verses.This book that has been completed at Last of Nasery period (1304 AD) may be named the last sample of religious epic verses that versification base on Shahnameh matter. The major future of this verse is complete narrate of Karbala history from Moaviye period to the end of Mokhtar e Saghafi story that contains four parts (four avenues).In this paper, complete detailed report of this book is present and the historical and social context of formation of it and deep relationships by Shahnameh is analyzed and some linguistics and narrative futures is analyzed.

Poems of university poets in often remarkable sayings which till today in the form of Conceptual have not been considered. This article which is the continuation of the first and second generation, be longs to the thirst generation of university poets, is introduced the character, thought, language and talent of these poets. Has proved that poems of university poets’ comparers the others is not back but they have gone some steps forward.The third generation through the sudden change in the language and content comparing with two generations before them, to lead with the change of the Modern period in the world, has brought a new movement in the poetry which stayed them eternal in the other poets is obvious.The author who is considered as the third generation familiar with the concept of objective studies and completely is dominate on their mores.So All theories and considerations B result of the perfect understanding Of all of them. Poets like.

As one of the many salient didactic works of Persian language, Naser khosrow’s book of poems (Divan) includes the very significant issues of morality, society, faith and the very significant issues of morality, society, faith and religion. In this work, the link between language and meaning is clearly observable. As one part of the triarchy of styles, i.e. the linguistic level, the reflective level and the literary level, the speech acts of statements and utterances have a particular appearance in this book of poems. Naser khosrow has benefitted from the types of sentences in order to suggest and inculcate his intended thoughts and concepts in such a smart (way) manner. In his verse, he takes a functional approach toward statements and utterances which is extremely remarkable. In addition to commanding and prohibiting which are of frequent usage in didactic and addressee- centered texts, other types of utterances, i.e. interrogations, exclamations and also statements are motivationally used in his Divan and aid the poet in his singular didactics and teachings.

It is a common belief that persian literature is a treasure trove of literary mater pieces which need to be subject of academic student to be introduced to the general public. The works of Nezamodin Astarabad The 10th century shitte poet’ and to be studied on the following grounds:As religious poems which are in praise of shihe holy leaders.As exampeles of the Hendi school of poetry stylistically.The author of the present article has introduced a critical edition of Nezamodin Astarabadi’s Divan (The Antology of the poem) through using six manuiscripts available. The present article aimed at intrdocting the features of his poetry to the lovers of Persian literature.

“Anjoman-e-Danesh”, is a book containing educational, moral and social anecdotes which is written by Ahmad Waqar Shirazi as a prose mixed with poetry. In this article, in addition to complete introduction of Anjomane Danesh, stylistic features of its language, literature and thought are also studied. Mode of expression in AnjomaneDanesh and the way of implying anecdotes and their results are indicating the fact that this book among the imitations of Saudi’s Golestan, was hardly influenced by that book after Monshat of Ghaem Magham The most important feature of the book is deletion of the verbs and the principles and expression and novel elements, such as puns, rhyme, simile and contradiction. The book has many Arabic words and phrases. Although the use of old words, compounds and syntaxes are not in complete compliance with the literary and linguistic features of author’s era, narration of moral and educational anecdotes with a consistent and expressive expression will compensate this defect.

Arabic poetry Khaghani in the printed version involve this below items: Bad reading, distortion, printed mistake, inadvertence transcriber and many others have been. Unfortunately, despite the many works on Persian poetry Khaghani was done, he is less likely to have Arabic poetry, apparently not necessary this means that drop by the market Khaghani Arabic poetry. at any rate, in this paper, a pompous ode with a lofty row - which this row selection is expression of many speech- been readied and Some of the poems in The authors comment that requires a review, selected And with a deliberately in the duplicates Edition And ponder the meanings of words and verses in the Available print copies, is analyzed and correct record is presented to the reader.

Persian poetry, has seen several trends. Some poets have tendencies of form and language, and some of their content.One of the streams Content-Oriented contemporary poetry, the poetry of the Islamic Revolution and the Holy Defense. In fact, this poem by the content of their way to be separated from other types. Although the choice of language and speech as well as their own characteristics indicated.Hossein Israfili is one of the poets of this movement. His first book, Birth of the agreement name. And in the middle of a war (in 1986) was published. This book is one of the holy books and the seraph’s birth certificate.The present article reviews the stylistic effect is mentioned that it was written to evaluate the characteristics and features.

Sufis and Mystics in order to expression and Representation of their Mystic Experiences and for description of Concepts and Principles of them and stating and explaining of their terms always use from Verses of Quran. So it is not unexpected that the Interpretation and searching for referents of many verses of Quran have been followed and considered in the Sufism and mysticism texts. In this Research by the method of documentary, the Applications of the verses 24-25 of “ Ibrahim soore “ (ABRAHAM Chapter) that Contain the allegory of shajareye tayyebe (good tree) for Explanation the good deed in these texts and Interpretative books of Quran Examined. Since Mystics look up these image with the symbolic viewpoint, they interpret its Components for example its roots and firm and its branches and found for them 14 references.

Tajaldin Mohammad Hashemi, was Unknown Quran scholars in Eighth century AD and he has written a book such as translation of Quran and Translate words Quran in its It has written earlier than translation of Jurjani and has not been published The treatise ascribed to Hashemi limited editions are available in libraries Among the features of this book Translation of some words based on reading Other than the common reading in our day (Assem reading Narrated Hafs) In this paper, we try to collect the items in the book Hashemi Effects of Quran recitations examine it. In this study, both descriptive and analytical methods used.