JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH
Year:2012 | Volume:7 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

Main purpose of this research was to study the effects of Dunaliella microalgae on immunological and survival rate of Rainbow trout. It was planned to measure IgM, IgG, IgA and IgE blood immunoglobulins and find out occurred changes in survival rate of the fish. Rainbow trout specimens were separated in five groups and were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 7, 9 and 11 grams of pure dried Dunaliella in each kilogram of food respectively. Blood samples were taken from 25 random collected fish, at the end of first and third months of culture and sent to the laboratory to measure immunoglobulin factors. Results indicated that levels of IgM and IgA immunoglobulins in the blood plasma of fish fed with Dunaliella algae showed significant statistical differences (P<0.05) with those not received Dunaliella algae. With increased levels of Dunliella in food, and increased weight, levels of IgM and IgA immunoglobulins were also increased. Their measured amounts were 10± 1 and 2 ± 1 mg per deciliter of blood plasma respectively. IgG and IgE immunoglobulins showed no significant difference. No mortality was observed in any of the groups, showing good adaptation with feeding conditions. Paying attention to the obtained results, indicate that Dunaliella algae containing b- Carotene has favorable effects on immunology, survival and growth of rainbow trout.

In this research, the possibility of intelligent management of water quality conditions in Common carp culture was investigated during one month. To perform the study, one intelligent instrument that is constructed by the authors was used in this research. The instrument was equipped with Program Logic Control (PLC) and sensitive sensors for control of three important water parameters including, temperature, Oxygen and pH. Three above parameters which are crutial for Common carp culture were adjusted on optimum levels, temperature at (25Co), Oxygen at (8 mg / li) and pH at (7.3). In each contianer (aquariums) fingerlings 5 to 10gr were released. This instrument could be controll remotely by camera and communication equipments like mobile, telephone and internet. Three other aquariums also were prepared as control group which on them, the above parameters,where countrolled manually. They were checked three times a day during the study.The three mentioned parameters (tempruture, O2 and pH) in the quiped containers were exmind countiusely and atumatically duiring whole period of expriments. On equipped aquariums during 31 days, 13 speciemen,out of 15 alive til end of the study. They seems to be healthy and shows a good growth, which can be considered as a result of favorate invironmental conditions (temprature, O2, pH)After 31 days period of study, the average weight of treatment fishes were reached form 5-10gr to 250±8gr. But in 3 control group, parameters meet a great flactution, vz: tempruture (18-29oC), Oxygen (5-12), and pH (5-9), leading all control group,s speciemens being died til end of days of expriment. Result show,s that this instrument (PLC),can successfully being used for water management of carp cuture ponds.

Ecological adaptation of weeds to grow up solutions contaminated with heavy metals and radionuclides and potential of these plants for remediation of sludge, sediment, ground water, surface water and waste water are essential factors for establishment of a phytoremediation system. In this paper growth rate of Chenopodium album and Amaranthus chelorostachys used for remediation in hydroponic system was compared. Then their remediation efficiency was investigated. This system used the Hoagland medium in sand and trays individually (solid and liquid bed hydroponic system). Macro and micro element concentrations, pH and seedling settlement were limiting factors and significantly affected the plants’ growth. As a result C. album could significantly grow in solid bed hydroponic system while A. chelorostachys was grown in liquid bed hydroponic system. Then these plants were exposed to 0.5 mgl-1 CsCl for a period of 14 days. With exposure of the plants to Cs solution, 52.99±7.57 and 41.68± 3.92 percent of Cs ions were remediated from solutions. Moreover significant accumulation of Cs was occurred in shoots of C. album and A. chelorostachys. Therefore these plants can be potential candidates for phytoremediation purposes.

Estuary inlets are important elements influencing control of sediment movement and its distribution on the coast. Wave, current and sediment interaction can have a significant impact on inlets’ profile. At the bottleneck, the point where the minimum entry level is created, dominant force for transport of sediment is tidal fluctuations. Known empirical relationship between cross-sectional area at the inlet (A) and tidal prism (P) has been studied by various workers. Researchers have carried out extensive studies on A and P relation in which A is the minimum cross-section area (in comparison with average sea level) and P is tidal prism. Their input on 28 estuaries of the United States showed high-coefficient values in a table in which C= 4.6 ´10 -4 and n= 0.85 also C= 6.5´10 -5 and n= 1 are the best values (high regression coefficient) for these coefficients. Various researchers continued these studies and could provide a relation that is far right applicable to other coastal areas with different tidal patterns. Results of studying n and c coefficients by Marcel was expressed that for various estuaries and tidal ranges of microtidal to mesotidal, one is the best power for n. In the following research using outputs of modeling the relationship between canal cross-section area with tidal prism was studied and c and n=1 coefficients were calculated, respectively, 2´10 -5 and 6´10 -6 for modeling and relationship theory (dean). Then we compared results between the theory and modeling. We also observed a direct relationship between the two parameters of channel cross-sectional area and tidal prism. Relationships were presented for inlets’ section width and tidal prism.

The effect of Cucurbita pepo extract and 17 b-estradiol (E2) on HPG axis was investigated in male Three spot gourami. The purpose of this research was evaluated effect of Cucurbita pepo on sex steroids level and measurement of blood calcium and also changes of liver tissue. Therefore, 100specimen of immature male fish with mean weight (2.5±0.5g) were evaluated in 10 treatments. The fishes in different groups were treated with Cucurbita pepo extract and the E2 separately. (10, 20, 30,50mg/Kg body weight).There was two groups as controls. Control I received 20mL methanol and control II was intact. After 20 days experimental, fishes were dissected. To measure the steroid hormones and calcium ion, tissue fluids were separated and the level of estradiol, testosterone and calcium ion analyzed. Results showed that level of sex steroid and Ca+2, for Cucurbita pepo extract in treatments I and II were 1.1, 0.83, 19.73, for treatment III were 1.34, 1.4, 20.65, for treatment IV were 1.8, 1.68, 22.86 and level of sex steroid and Ca+2, for (E2) in treatment V were 0.88, 2.55, 24.43 and VI treatment was 0.91, 3.54, 27.15 and for treatment VII were 0.97,4.41,30.80, for treatment VIII were 1.08, 6.45, 35.32 in comparison with control group (0.78, 0.52, 16.46) that were significant (P<0.05). These results showed that treatments IV and VIII were more affected by level steroids and Ca +2 ions in male Three spot gourami. The overall conclusion is that extract of Cucurbita pepo could possibly induce sexual maturity in male Three spot gourami.

In this research, we measured underwater ambient noise in Nowshahr Port using standard devices and analyzers during a 24 hours period. Proper processing capabilities of analyzers made some comparisons between obtained noise level spectrum and noise generating sources through related frequency range. Then analytic evaluation of importance of these sources in generating noise and its transmission was performed. Results showed that although Nowshahr Port is not a busy area in Caspian Sea referring to statistical reports, but measured underwater noise levels showed the contrary, a high shipping traffic. The relatively high level of noise compared to shipping traffic, can be because this port is located in shallow waters and affected by coastal boundaries that made resonance in underwater sound transmission.

17 a-methyl testosterone is an androgenic hormone and is involved in the sexual cycle and is used in increasing growth and masculinization. In this study, effects of different doses of hormone (300, 400 and 1000 mg/kg) with a control treatment (0 mg/kg) on color measurement on scat (Scatophagus argus) were studied. Color was measured by color and appearance measurement system. The results indicated an increase in red pigment in fish specimens. Dosage of hormone was increased to watch shiny red color after about 45 days. Our results indicated a strong relationship between physiological characteristics of fish and color and secondary sex characteristics. Tinge in lateral region of the body in fish specimens with doses of 0, 300 and 400 was not significantly different (P>0.05), while dose of 1000 mg kg diet was significantly different (P<0.05). And the most colored fish specimens were observed with dose of 1000. This result showed the tendency to increase red tinge with an increase in dose. While all doses studied, no significant differences were seen in the tinge of the tail fin and trunk (P<0.05). However tinge factor in the tail region fin of fish, was significantly different (P<0.05) and decreased toward red tinge.

Dust as one atmospheric phenomenon has many important effects on environment, health, economy and social fields for entering dust particles into the atmosphere. Iran and western neighboring counties are located in the arid and semiarid belt of the world, where frequency of sever dust events, especially in south west Iran, has increased in recent years. In this paper, we investigated how this event is produced and reached to Ahwaz using observations and weather data of the period 1968-2008 in selected summer month, based on sea level, 850hpa and 500hpa weather charts, surface wind field in the start and end days of dust occurrence in Ahwaz station. The results showed that in this period, dust events by high strength and frequency were occurred in July in Ahwaz, and the synoptic patterns that produce majority of severe dust over Ahwaz are Persian Gulf thermal trough extends to the north west of Iraq and European ridge extends over Black Sea and large parts of Turkey by passing waves of middle level Mediterranean trough north west of Iraq and east of Syria. Dust sources in northwest of Iraq and east of Syria have a major role in sever dust events in summer in south west of Iran.