Journal of Applied Research in Chemistry
Year:2009 | Volume:3 | Issue:9|Papers Count:8

The adsorptions of CO gas on the most stable configuration of B-N nano cage, B36 N36 with Td symmetry, were studied within density functional theory. In order to optimize both of preliminary B-N nano cage and CO molecule, and also to investigate the CO adsorption, B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory have been used. Five adsorption sites were proposed in order to investigate the interaction of CO gas with nano structure, and a CO molecule approached toward the boron nitride nano cage from both carbon and oxygen sides in the directions to end up the mentioned adsorption sites. Comparison of the binding energy calculated with respect to the structural deviation effect indicates that when a CO molecule approaches boron nitride nano cage from the oxygen, and carbon sides, the most stable configurations for product are those in which CO is located on the hexagonal face- surrounded with five hexagonal and one tetragonal rings-, and tetragonal face, respectively and the highest amount of adsorption energy in the physical absorption range releases in the latter case (1.45 kcal/mol).

Polyaniline/Fe nanocomposite is prepared in micro emulsion medium of anionic surfactant (AOT). For this purpose the polymerization of aniline monomers were carried out by oxidation with FeCl3. In this method, in-situ oxidation of aniline and reduction of Fe3+ ions were took place, in which aniline monomers were oxidiesed and formed polyaniline (PANi) whereas the reduction of Fe ions resulted in the formation of Fe3+ nanoparticles in micro emulsion medium in the form of PANi-Fe/AOT nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning microelectronic microscopy (SEM).

The aim of the present work was to develop a simple and rapid method for determination of Theophylline (THP) and Guaifenesin (GU) in syrup. Simultaneous analysis theophylline and guaifenesin was carried out by continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and derivative spectrophotometry (DS) without involving any preparation operations like chemical separation step or masking. THP, a member of xanthine based alkaloids, which relaxes smooth muscles and relieves bronco spasm, has a stimulant effect on respiration. GU, a mucolytic agent, is used as an expectorant. The use of the mixture of THP and GU in the symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and other broncho spastic conditions is well established in pharmaceutical formulations. In the CWT method, the determination was performed at 270.2 nm for THP and at 224.4 nm for GU (for wavelet family coif 5, a=300). In the first-derivative spectrophotometry determination of THP and GU was realized by measurements of amplitudes of derivative spectra corresponding to zero-crossing points of THP and GU at 305 and 242.4 nm, respectively. The proposed procedures were validated by using various synthetic mixtures with high percentage of recovery and good precision. Mean recovery values were found 99.90% and 101.2% for CWT calibration method and 96% and 98% for derivative spectrophotometry, respectively for determination of THP and GU in synthetic mixtures. Also good agreement between the results obtained using the two procedures was found, which agreed also with the product label.

Cadmium can be separated by hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy methods. In this research, the wasted cake of zinc factory called nickel- cadmium cake was analyzed, and cadmium was separated by pyrometallurgy method. This cake was heated with a suitable amount of sulfur in the furnace, so soluble cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) was produced. The optimum amount of sulfur consumption, furnace temperature and permanent time were determined by measurement of recovered cadmium value.

The complexation reaction of Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions with 1, 10-Phenanthroline (Phen), 2, 2' Bipyridine (Bipy) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (Oxine) were studied in solvents of water, methanol and DMF by means of differential pulse polarographic (DPP) technique. This method is based on the comparison between polarograms of metal ion and metal-ligand complexes. The negative shift of the reduction of complex, in comparison with metal ions, is the basis for study of the stoichiometry and stability constant of complex, using the Lingane equation. It is seen from the final results that the stability of the heavy metal ions with Phen, Bipy and Oxine varies in order Cd2+> Pb2+. In the case of all metal ions, the stabilities of the resulting complexes increased in the order Phen > Bipy > Oxine. There is also an inverse relationship between the stabilities of complexes and solvating ability of the solvents. Finally, determination of trace Analysis of such metals in wastewater solution is discussed.

The benzene hydrogenation reaction makes this idea that one may be able to remove benzene from gasoline in reactive distillation column by this reaction. Therefore, hydrogenation of benzene to cyclo-hexane can remove benzene from reformatted stream.In this paper, The specific process under investigation is a reactive distillation column that is fed with two separated streams such as hydrogen and reformatted stream; There are three products coming out of the column, such as un-reacted hydrogen, cyclo-hexane and benzene stream; the product has the desired octane properties due to the high percentage of toluene and at the same time only a small amount of benzene is small enough to comply with the EPA regulation.

The processing of textiles to achieve a particular handle is one of the most important aspects of finishing technology. Softeners are one of the main compounds in finishing process and can improve some properties of textiles, depending on the chemical nature, including soft handle, smoothness, elasticity, hydrophilic, antistatic and soil release properties. They are classified according to their ionic character and the main classes are: anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, reactive and silicone. Macro- and microemulsion silicone softeners are commercial classes of softeners but nanoemulsions are new class of softeners in textile industry. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of micro and nano silicone softeners on different properties of polyester fiber. Polyester fabrics were first scoured with nonionic detergent and were then treated with three concentrations (10, 20 and 30 g/L) of micro- and nanoemulsions of silicones. The drapeability of treated samples with 10 g/lit of solution was decreased and more decrease was observed with increase in silicone concentration. Colorimetric properties of softener treated fabrics were evaluated with a reflectance spectrophotometer. Nanoemulsion silicones changed a little the surface reflectance of fibers compared to micro silicone softener. Increase in weight of all samples was observed which shows the coating of silicones on fiber surface. Nanoemulsion silicones showed better results on samples treated compared to mirco emulsion silicones.

A new analogue of 7-piperazinyl quinolones carrying a functionalized 2- (thiophen-2yl) ethyl moiety attached to the piperazine ring has been synthesized, and evaluated against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using a conventional agar dilution procedure. Thus, in the present study we report the synthesis and antibacterial activity of 1-cyclopropyl-6-1, 4-dihydro-8- methoxy-7- (4- (2- (2-thienyl) -2-yl) -2- hydroxy imino ethyl) -3- methyl piperazine-1-yl) -4- oxo-3- quinolone carboxylic acid which shows potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in comparison to Gatifloxacin.