Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Year:2004 | Volume:7 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

Background & Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the success rate of intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles (ICSI) between infertile war victims & other infertile couples. Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was done on 672 infertile couples in kossar fertility & Impotence center from 2000-2002. Poisson, Chi-square & T-test were used to compare the ICSI results in war & non-war infertile couples.Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the sperm counts, percentage of sperm motility & the degree of motility (P, 0.001). Also significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the type of sperm retrieval, sperm morphology & types of infertility (P<0.001, p<0.001 & P<0.001 respectively). The success rate of ICSI however was nearly identical in the two groups.Discussion: Despite significant differences between the two groups regarding the sperm count, morphology, motility & type of sperm retrieval the success (pregnancy) rate was nearly identical for both groups and the difference is not statistically significant.

Background& Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is inherently resistant to many antibiotics at concentrations that can be achieved in vivo. This study was done to assess the susceptibility of P .aeruginosa strains, isolated from Kermanshahian patients, to the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Materials and Methods: 50 clinical specimens collected and examined from July 2001 to July 2002 from three hospitals (Sina, Imam khomeini, Taleghani). MIC90 was determined by SIGMA powders and agar dilution method for the following antibiotics: Amikacin, Azlocillin, Aztreonam, Carbenicillin, Ceftazidime, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Imipenem, Mezlocillin, Norfloxacin, Ticarcillin and Tobramycin.Results: Resistance to Arnikacin, Azlocillin, Aztreonam, Carbenicillin, Ceftazidime, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Imipenem, Mezlocillin, Norfloxacin, Ticarcillin and Tobramycin was 38%, 52%, 80% ,72%, 50%, 38%, 52%, 10%, 98%,40%,90% and 46%, respectively. Discussion: There is no significant difference between our results and others' studies. Imipenem was the most effective antibiotic against P.aeruginosa strains isolated from our patients.

Background & Objectives: Neutrophils are the most important member of granulocytes & the first line of host defence against micro-organisms. They kill micro-organisms entering the body by phagocytic activity. One of the important phases of phagocytic activity is respiratory burst which can be affected by different drugs such as cimetidine. In this study the effects of cimetidine on respiratory burst of rat's neutrophils are described.Materials & Methods: In this blind experimental case-control study 17 rats in two groups of case (8) & control (9) were selected. Cimetidine & placebo were injected for one week & then the respiratory burst of neutrophils was evaluated with Nitrobluetetrazolium test (NBT). The results were compared by using Man-withney test (MW).Results: It was showed that cimetidine had significant effects on neutrophil's respiratory burst. Mean of neutrophil's respiratory burst was significantly more in case than control group (P<0.034).Discussion: This study showed that cimetidine can stimulate respiratory burst in rat's neutrophils. This may be due to effects of Cimitidine on H2 histamine receptors on neutrophils. More studies are required to show effects of this drug on neutrophils's activities.

Background & Objectives: Domestic violence (DV) is the most prevalent form of violence against women. It is associated with many socio-economic & psychological complications. This research was conducted to identify the causes and effects of violence against women & also characterization of victims. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional & prospective study included all referring women to law-medicine center of Babol in one year (Feb- Apr 2001). Women with DV (183) were considered as case group and those who were married & had no history of DV were included in control group (325). Data were collected by questionnaire, interview & physical examination.Results: Prevalence of DV was 36% in referred cases. Physical injuries were the most. 13% complained of sexual violence. 71% of women had psychosomatic signs and symptoms. Head & neck (22.3%) & the limbs (21.6%) were the most common sites of injury. Most of the violence's were of the hitting or beating types (54%) but penetrating injuries were also observed (41 %). Bruises and superficial wounds were the most common signs of physical trauma. 24% of the referred women had serious physical damages. The most common background for violence was addiction & behavioral disorders.Discussion: This study showed a high prevalence of domestic violence against women in comparison with studies elsewhere. Most of the violence's were in the age range of 20-40, in marriages less than 10 years of duration and in those with fewer children. Health workers should be able to find women in risk of violence and support them.

Background and Objectives: Considering the effect of heavy metals (particularly lead) on intelligent quotient level, it was measured in children living in high lead areas in Angouran district of Zanjan province.Material and Methods: In this historical cohort study all (n=64) grade - one students living in Angouran village were selected as case group. 62 other students living in low lead areas, but with similar socio - economic, cultural and racial conditions were selected as the control group. In a double blind study using the Wechsler's intelligence scale for children - revised (WISC-R) the IQ level of both groups were calculated.This test is regarded as the most accurate test with 80-90% reliability. The IQ of 90 or more is considered normal and less than this is low. By using chi-square the IQ of the two groups living in high and low - lead areas were compared. The T-test and P- value with 95% reliability and the relative risk of decrease of IQ due to living in high - lead areas were calculated.Results: The average IQ level in 64 children living in high lead area was 86.64+/-9.68 with 40 (62.5%) having less than normal level. In comparison in the other group the average IQ level was 91.98+/-10.26 with 24 of the children (38.7%) having less than normal level. The IQ level in children living in high-lead area was significantly lower than children living in low-lead area (P<0.0031).Discussion: Although the serum level of lead was not determined but the results of this study are strongly in favor of the relationship between living in high-lead areas and low IQ levels. Preventive and therapeutic precautions are necessary in theses areas.

Background and Objectives: Early postpartum hemorrhage (EPPH) is one of the most important causes of maternal mortality. It is responsible for 28% of maternal death in developing countries. Considering the importance of EPPH and also for prevention and control of it, this study on the prevalence and causes of EPPH in Kermanshah from 2001-2002 was established. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included all women who referred to hospital for delivery and needed transfusion due to EPPH. A questionnaire containing age, parity, delivery method and causes of EPPH was completed.Results: This study showed that the prevalence of severe EPPH was 0.69%. It was 0.58% after normal vaginal delivery and 0.78% after cesarean section. The causes were uterine atonia (29cases-43.3%), genital tract laceration (11 cases-16.4%), coagulation disorders (8cases-11. 9%) & abnormal placental adherence (6cases-9%). There was more than one cause in 13 cases (19.4%). Discussion: The prevalence of severe EPPH after Cesarean section was more than normal vaginal delivery. The most common cause was uterine atonia. The mortality due to it can be decreased by staff education.More study is necessary to define the true prevalence and risk factors of severe EPPH in Kermanshah and also in Iran.

Background & Objectives: Blood-borne viral diseases represent one of the most potentially serious threats to healthcare workers & laboratory staff and since they can be asymptomatic for many years their true prevalence in medical staff have not been clearly determined.This study was carried out to determine the rate of seropositivity for hepatitis B & C viruses & HIV in the laboratory staff of Kermanshah University of medical sciences at 2002.Materials & Methods: 110 laboratory staffs participated in this descriptive study. A questionnaire asking about history of blood ingestion, needle-stick injury, occupational diseases & vaccination was completed by each of the participants. Blood samples for analysis of HBs-Ag, HCV-Ab & HIV-Ab by ELIZA method were collected.Results: 3.3% of the analyzed samples were positive for HBs-Ag. A positive HIV- Ab by ELIZA was negative when using confirmatory western blot method. No HCV-Ab positivity was identified by this method. 57.2% of cases had history of accidentally blood ingestion & 66.4% gave history of needle-stick injury.Discussion: Prevalence of HBs-Ag positivity in this study was 3.3% which is in the range of normal population in Iran and may be representative of hepatitis B vaccination affectivity in laboratory personnel.To reduce the risk of contamination use of latex gloves, eyeglasses & masks during working with blood & products is recommended.

Background & Objectives: Hygienic housing is an important index of health development in different countries which can prevent from contagious diseases & accidents. This study was established to survey the health condition of dwelling houses in the filed of samenol-a-emmeh community -oriented medical education center at summer 2002. Materials & Methods: In these descriptive study 500 families from 4643 ones in the filed of samenol-a-emmeh medical education center were selected by random allocation sampling & were asked to fill a questionnaire containing 24 questions on demographic and dwelling house conditions. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis.Result: It was showed that 50% of the houses had good health conditions (Including room ceilings, floors, light &..).Discussion: This study showed that half of the studied houses had bad health conditions. These health defects may cause psycho-somatic & socio - economic problems for dwellers. Earthquakes and other natural disasters can destroy these houses which may be fatal for those living in them. Education of the dwellers & standardization of the house will be helpful.