JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:2|Papers Count:11

In this study four Zel rams, fitted with ruminal cannulas and fed at maintenance level. They were arranged in a 4´4 latin square design to determine the effects of different levels of tallow on microbial protein synthesis and protozoal population changes in the rumen and to determine whether changes in microbial protein synthesis were related to protozoal changes. The diets (were 55% concentrate, 45% forage), contained either no added fat (control), 2, 4 or 6% tallow on a the basis of DM. Urinary excretion of purine derivatives was determined to estimate the microbial protein synthesis. Ruminal holotrich and total protozoa were counted in 10 times after morning feeding. Microbial protein synthesis and excretion of purine derivatives were not affected by treatments but tended to decrease as fat level increased in the diet. ruminal holotrich protozoa population was not affected by added fat in all times after morning feedings but after 5 hours after morning feeding, Holotrich population in all times tended to decrease by increasing fat level. Rumen total protozoa population showed no significant differences between treatments at 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 hour after feeding but after this times it decreased by increasing fat levels (p<0.05).

In silkworm with respect to their genotypic structures maternal effects are significant effect the performance of next generation. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of local Baghdad group and 107 Japanese and 110 Chinese improved strains as maternal bases on cocoon weight and shell cocoon percentage of their offsprings hybrids. After designing, generation and rearing of offspring, larval, cocoon and resistance traits were recorded and analyzad. Results showed that local maternal base (Baghdad) was superior in comparison with 107 and 110 improved breeds as maternal bases. Baghdad×107 hybrid in comparison with 107´Baghdad had 69.15gr more cocoon weight, 0.04gr more shell cocoon weight, %1.28 more shell cocoon percentage and 0.106gr more single cocoon weight (P<0.05). Also Baghdad´110 hybrids in comparison with 110´Baghdad had%0.56 more shell cocoon weight and 0.018gr more shell cocoon weight (P<0.05). Forthermore Baghdad´110 hybrid had 26.8 more best cocoons number, %0.74 more shell cocoon percentage and 0.018gr more weight cocoon in comparison with Baghdad´107 hybrid significantly. Between hybrids of improved with breeded varieties as maternal bases, 107 as maternal base showed higher performance in compare with 110 as maternal base (P<0.05). The results of current study showed that the effect of varieties used as maternal based on the performance of next hybrid generation are significant. Based on obtained results, we can use local silkworm for production of commercial hybrids.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of source (Fermacto, Immuonowall) and level of prebiotic in broiler chick diets on the growth performance.280 day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks allocated to seven treatments and four replications in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were 1) 0%, 2) 0.10% fermacto in the starter period and 0.05% in the grower-finisher period, 3) 0.20% fermacto in the starter period and 0.10% in the grower-inisher period, 4) 0.30% fermacto in the starter period and 0.15% in the grower-finisher period, 5) 0.10% Immunowall in the starter period and 0.05% in the grower-finisher period, 6) 0.20% Immunowall in the starter period and 0.10% in the grower-finisher period and 7) 0.30% Immunowall in the starter period and 0.15% in the grower-finisher period. Source of fermacto prebiotic had higher feed consumption than Source of Immunowall prebiotic in the starter period (p<0.05). fermacto prebiotic had higher weight gain than Immunowall prebiotic in the finisher period (p<0.05). fermacto prebiotic had a better feed conversion than Immunowall prebiotic in the finisher period (p<0.05). On the whole, source of fermacto prebiotic, showed a better performance than source of Immunowall.

The influence of additive Aspergillus sp.meal in broiler chicken's performance were studied. A completely randomized design was used.480 one-day chickens ross 308 strain with average weight of 46gr were chosen and put in control and experimental groups with four repetitions and in each repetition there were 60 chicks. The control’s groupl was without and the experimental’s groups was with 0.2% additive of fermacto. The amount of consumption in each period (7, 14, 21 days) was measured. The over-weight and FCR were also measured in each and total period of the experiment.Results shown fermacto no significant impact on the feed intake of the chicks in different weeks. In 7, 14, and 21-day agess, there were significant differences in weight addition between the control’s and experimental’s group (p<0.05). In the 7-day age, there was no significant difference in FCR between the control and experimental group, but the difference was significant in 14 and 21-day ages between the groups; and in the experimental group FCR was lower. The result of this study have shown that the using of fermacto increased the performance in chicks in 14 and 21-day ages.

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of zinc oxide supplement (ZOS) on amylase activity of the small intestine of male broilers. One hundred eight 10-d-old male broilers (ROSS-308) were used in the study. The birds were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups consisting of 3 replicates of 12 birds and arranged in a completely randomized design (0, 50 and 100 ppm, ZOS added in the basal diet, respectively).Animals were slaughtered and different segments of small intestine (at 1, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90% of total length the small intestine) were taken from each replicates (N=2) amylase activity was measured and recorded. Data were analyzed by SAS (P<0.05). The results indicated that of ZOS (100 ppm) significantly increased amylase at the small intestine of the broiler chicks (P<0.05).

Regarding to problems of digestible protein, metabolizable protein (MP) is offered. This system is based on microbial protein and undegraded protein in the rumen that is digestible in the small intestine. In order to determine of degradable protein in the rumen, ruminal undegradable protein and metabolizable protein of fish meal and cottonseed meal using crude protein degradability coefficients by in situ and ADIN data based on AFRC equation this experiment was designed. Three castrated sheep (49±2.6 kg) was used.the equation of P=a+b (1-e-ct) was used for estimating of CP degradabilities coefficients. The MP of fish meal and cottonseed meal was achieved 39.67 and 23.21 g/kgDM.

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of corn particle size on the performance and internal organs weight. These experiments with 192 one-day-old Japanese quail were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, four replicates (12 quail chickens per replicate). The dietary treatments were: 1) contain of corn particle size 0.5 mm, 2) contain of corn particle size 1 mm, 3) contain of corn particle size 1.5 mm and 4) contain of corn particle size 2 mm. During the experiment characteristics of body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of Japanese quails were measured. Results showed that at end of experiment that particle size of corn effective on feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion and visceral organs weight of (liver, heart, gizzard, proventricular and intestine) were not significant.

The present study was designed to survey the super ovulation response of miankele water river buffaloes in administration of HMG at out of breeding season. For this study selected 10 buffaloes with suitable body condition and reproductive performance. All buffaloes were CIDR inserted on first day and they received one dose of GnRH on the same day, then 4 days after CIDR, they received HMG for 3days. Then the size and wave of follicles were assayed by ultrasonography in during estrus phase and also the five day after insemination. In the this group observed corpus luteum including cystic corpus luteum and ovulated corpus luteum then their size were evaluated also left and right ovaries and their functions were compared as presented in table. Results showed that in out of breeding season, super ovulation by administration of HMG had the good ovarian response and as it was expected right ovaries were more active.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects different levels of bakery yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance and egg quality of laying hens. This experiment was conducted with one hundred and forty four laying hens in four treatments and three replicates with 12 hens in each replicate from 45 to 55 weeks in a completely randomized design. Experimental groups were include ration without bakery yeast (control), and experimental groups with 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% of bakery yeast in per kg of feed and used for 10 weeks. There were observed some significant difference in performance of experimental groups (P<0.05). The amount of feed intake decreased to (110 g/day/hen) with using 0.6% of bakery yeast in feed. Whereas there were not any significant difference in amount of feed intake with using of bakery yeast until 0.4% of feed. There were not observed any significant difference in egg traits between experimental groups. The overall results of this experiment showed that using different levels of bakery yeast did not have any positive effects on performance and egg traits of laying hens.

In this research, after numerous visits from dairy cattle farms in east and west Azarbayjan and Ardebil provinces (which had optimal nutritional and hygienic status), data were collected from 6396 cow. Animals were divided into 12 groups (based on month of birth) and 4 groups (based on season of birth). According to collected data about the average of first estrus and of insemination after parturation and average of days open in each group, effect of month and season of birth were studied. Results showed that there is no significant statistical differences in average of first estrus and first insemination between groups (P>0.05), but we found a significant difference between groups concerning the days open according to month (p<0.05) and season of birth (P<0.01).Our data from Holstein cow were showed that month and season of birth had no effect on average of first estrus and insemination, but it effects on average of days open.