JOURNAL OF LESAN MOBEEN
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:2|Papers Count:13

The Egyptian, Ibn Farez is one of the greatest mystical poets who has used wine in a symbolic manner and has created such pure mystical verses that have remained immortal within the symbolic literature. Fozooli Baghdadi made his mystical perspective eve more clear by composing dithyramb in Persian and Turkish, paying attention to delicate allusions, artistic motivations and creating new themes. The analysis and comparison of these verses casts light on their common themes and concepts since they are both inspired by the symbolic language of the poets' experiences. Through the use of symbols the poets have attributed similar characteristics to wine: antiquity of wine, healing power, life-giving, creating exaltation, regeneration, and so forth. The researchers of the present paper aim to study and compare the two poets and their common themes.

From the social perspective, literature could be considered as the manifestation of thoughts, mentalities, horrors, hopes, demands, and in general the common and current thoughts of that society. Based on this definition, the reflection of the Shu'ubi thought and in respond the anti-Shu'ubi reaction is a social movement in the first centuries of Islam and could be traced in the Arabic literature of the time. Some of the Shu'ubi' s intellectuals who did not have the necessary political means to fight against the unwise thought of Arab's snobbery started a literary movement seeking equality; employing this safe yet lasting and influential mean would keep this fight an ongoing process. On the other hand a group of Arabic literary figures by applying the same methods began to fight this literary movement. In the end this action and reaction, lead to the creation of many immortal Arabic poetry and prose. The present research attempts to analyze this literary action and reaction in some of the literary works of that era from the historical point of view.

The word resistance has been always intertwined with tyranny.Even though resistance literature has a long history, the spread of tyranny and injustice and enhancement of motivation to defend justice has been important in forming and reviving this genre. Due to this characteristic resistance literature does not belong to a particular land. During wartime, in widespread attempt poets with extra-sensory perception compose sensational poetry and evoke the latent feelings of their people not only to influence the events in people's favor but also create great immortal literary works. The Arab poet, Iliad Abu- Mazy in the field of resistance literature has manifested various thoughts such as love of motherland, focusing on Palestine as the symbol of resistance, seeking freedom, resistance against tyranny, optimism and hopefulness, fighting against identity crisis, and people's negligence to important manifestation of resistance literature. By considering these points, this research aims to introduce the thoughts of Abu- Mazy as a devoted poet in this field of writing.

Stream of consciousness is one of the modem and common modes of narration in novels. This technique is of great importance among narrative techniques for it undertakes to reproduce the flow of the character's mental process. Here, the reader is not exposed to the speech of other characters, in fact he enters inside the mind of the character, as if the thoughts an feelings of the. character is his own' s. Tharwat Abaza has exploited this technique III different ways and has demonstrated a remarkable delicacy in the art of writing. This study aims to depict the nature of the stream of consciousness, its importance in the structure of Abaza's novels, and the way he has represented the overall state and process of consciousness in a character.

Imam Sadegh's literature is replete with rhetoric and eloquence which is realized in the form of social, moral, political, economical and philosophical subjects. In addition to studying Shiism literature and literature of Imam Sadegh and Imam Bagher, considering the conspicuous features of Imam Sadegh's literary thoughts are the aim of this paper. To achieve this objective the researchers seek to look into Imam Sadegh's Hadithes, prayers, debates, and oratories as a literally act from the structure and theme to specify rhetoric touchstones from imam Sadegh' s point of view. In addition to considering the importance of poetry and engaged literature in the eye Imam, some of his own poetry are put forward to be analyzed.Since literature has a special place in Imam Sadegh's school of thought, in addition to employing rhetoric aspects in his speech and composing poetry he encouraged poets to write poetry and many poets were influenced by him.

Masud Sa’d Selman is one of the prominent Iranian poets of the second half of the 5t and early 6t century. The congruity between this noble yet unfortunate poet with great Arab poets indicates a strong link between Arabic and Persian literature of the time; moreover it portrays the poets' poetic capabilities. The influence of Arabic culture and literature in Masud's works are realized from two perspectives: Firstly, the themes and structures that he has undoubtedly employed and imitated from the Arabic culture and literature. Secondly, the styles and themes that are taken from the Iranian rich culture and the poet's own innovative style. This article mostly deals with congruency: an introduction on Masud's familiarity with Arabic and Persian culture and literature, and a comparative analysis of some of Masud's poetry with great Arabic poets.

Different aspects of human creation within Iranian and Arabic mythological narratives are sometimes very much alike. Comparison puts the mental similarity of the two nations in the past and an intellectual-cultural relation of the legendary generation into light. The researcher aims to examine the story of human creation by considering the narrative components and the common features.

Hakim Nezami Gangavi's Leili and Majnoon is the fourth book of the five books of poetry. He wrote this literary piece at the request of king sharvan Akhastan (the son of Monoucheher). The root of Leili and Majnoon's story has been the research of many scholars and the actuality of it varies.The story has been mentioned in many Arabic primary sources, Alghani, Alfehrest, Alsher Alshoara, Marojo Alzahab, Masare Aloshagh, Tazeen Alasvagh, and Alzohre Aghd Alfarid. There are also several lines associated with Majnoon called "Ghase Ibn Molavvah", gathered by Abu-Bakr Valbi which seems to be Nezami's main source of poetry. Nezami has taken most of the scenes from this book and by castmg hos own taste and enthusiasm has turned it in to narrative verse. The themes' of his verses apart from few are his own creation which are more beautiful and magnificent than that of Majnoon' s. Nezami seems to have used other Arabic sources, because parts of the story is not in Gheyse' s collection and yet present in other sources. The present paper endeavors to examme the influence of Gheyse's collection on Nezami's Leili and Majnoon in terms of themes, scenes and events.

The study of causation in Arabic grammar is carried out in several ways. This is sometimes achieved by the use of causative words; causative object and themes and concept within the sentence, each of these styles have its unique place The holy Koran as the sublime example of eloquence attaches great importance to this process and makes attempts to reasons for different subjects in such a way that seldom are there any subjects for which reason/ cause has not been introduced. This article discusses causation through noun clauses in order to introduce some eloquence related to this rhetoric artifice in the holy Koran. This method of causation in the holy Koran, is typically expressed by emphatic noun clauses beginning with "enna" and sometimes non-emphatic noun clauses. The present paper attempts to study part of this beauty found in the Koran.

The Arab, Kaab Ibn Zoheir and the Iranian, Khaghani Sharvani are two notable rhetoricians.Their poetry is significant from the point of view of history, literature, and society. One of the great aspects of their poetry is the eulogies that praise the Prophet Mohammad; Zoheir's praises are due to his fear of death whereas Sharvani's is wholeheartedly. The article puts forward the similarities and differences in the manner of their thoughts and art that the poets employed in their rhetorical eulogies.

In the last few decades the appearance of different attitudes in Western literary criticism not only altered the structure of the old criticism but also lead to the appearance of other various theories.One of the proposed theories in the late 1960s was intertextuality, popularized by Julia Kristiva, known as "Tanas" in Arab literature.Hemeiry's poetry has surpassed other Shiite poets in being rich in the narrative and the Koranic intertexualify. He has been influenced by the verbal and spiritual aspects of the Koran and the verses (Revayat) and has employed the narrative and the Koranic words and themes in a very beautiful and effective way. This paper closely examines the role and the effects of the Koranic verses on Seyed Hemeiry's poetry in the light of intertextuality to show the Shiite culture as an integral part of the Koran and tradition.

The portrayal of Iranian ancient events in Arabic literary texts play's an undeniable role in preserving and immortalizing the civilization and historical hardships of this country. One feature of Arabic language, especially in Abbasid dynasty, is the abundance of Persian words. A great many foreign words have entered the Arabic language in different historical period. As soon as the Arabs became acquainted with the culture of Sassanid they started to adopt themselves to this culture according to their needs and circumstances; this in turn led to introduction of many Sassanid Persian into Arabic language.Many of the words were arabicized and some were used as the source language. Abu-Navas, the avant-garde Abbasid poet, like many other poets of his time, was influenced by culture of his era and other civilized cultures especially that of Persian. This article is a research on Persian loan words in Abu-Navas' divan.

One of the differences between free verse and the traditiona ones lies in the poet's perception of the subject. Coming of a savior is a common subject that Akhavan Sales' "Man and the Danky", Al-Bayati's "Al-haml Alkazeb", and Nazar Qabbani's "Wiating for the Godot" deal with. The present article puts forward the similarities and differences both in subject and style in the works of the three mentioned poets.