JOURNAL OF NORTH KHORASAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:2 (8)|Papers Count:15

Background & Objectives: Jaundice is the most common abnormal physical findings during the first week of life in neonates that is very important because of it are severing complications such as kernicterus. Detection of prenatal complications causing neonatal jaundice may help early diagnosis and treatment of jaundice. Thus may decrease its complications. This study was done to detect prenatal complications that can cause Jaundice.Subjects & Methods: 140 newborns who had jaundice and were hospitalized in Ghaem hospital in 2010 were entered in this study. Jaundice was confirmed clinically by a pediatrician and by a laboratory test. Maternal demographic data and prenatal complication were assessed by a questionnaire. All data were analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 with frequency, t-test, one-way ANOVAs, chi-square and correlation.Results: 63% of neonates were male and born at term (90%) with normal weight. The most common of prenatal complication were hypertension, diabetes and preeclampsia. A significant statistical relation was evident between jaundice and sex, jaundice gestational age and T4 level in neonates.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that male sex, gestational age, hypertension, diabetes and preeclampsia are associated with neonatal jaundice.

Background & objective: Obstetric interventions including usage of sedative drugs, uterine stimulation and augmentation labor and delivery can have substantial influences on the prenatal outcomes. Used at the time of umbilical blood gases analysis reflect fetal metabolic situation and it is one of the principle criteria for recognizing asphyxia during natural labor. It was be supposed that every factor which has adverse effects on umbilical blood gas, can lead up to fetal asphyxia. The aim of this study was to detect the relation between obstetric interventions during labor and umbilical blood gas values in newborns.Material & Methods: This cross sectional study was done on 55 pregnant women who were refer to maternity hospital in Bojnurd city in 2011 and had singleton pregnancies, cephalic presentation and low risk pregnancy. Information was completed via Interview and observation forms. The use of oxytocin and sedative drugs were considered as obstetrical interventions. Arterial blood sampling of umbilical cord was collected for blood gas analysis.Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using t-test and kruskal-wallis test Results: Oxytocin and sedative drugs were used in 68.5% and 38.2% of women respectively.Statistical analysis did not demonstrate significant differences in umbilical artery blood gases between women who oxytocin and who did not receive this drug. Receiving seductive drugs also did not change blood gases in women.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that using sedatives and augmentation of labor with oxytocin had not adverse effect on neonatal blood gas values.

Background & objectives: Stroke is one of the major causes hemiplegia and hemi paresis. While may lead to mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of physical therapy on exaggerated muscle tonicity, balance and quality of Life in patients with hemiplegic.Subjects & Methods: This study was conducted on hemiplegia patient's secondary to stroke in Neyshabur, Iran. Twenty-four patients were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: control (N=12), and experimental (N=12). The time passed since the onset of the stroke was at least 12 months. Muscle tone was graded on the modified Ashworth Scale before and after the 12 sessions of intervention. During 4 weeks Berg Balance Scaling (BBS), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Barthel scales and demographic data were assessed. Independent and paired t-tests were used to analyze data using SPSS Version 16, P value<0.05 were considered significant.Results: the results showed that the two groups were similar in terms of exaggerated muscle tonicity, balance and quality of Life before intervention. Post-test analysis showed that the average balance and quality of life were significantly improved (p=0.001) and the quadriceps muscle tonicity was significantly decreased by 50 percent in the experimental group (p=0.001). In the control group significant changes were not observed when compared to pretest measurements.Conclusion: Physical therapy improves balance and quality of life in hemiplegic patients and reduces their muscle tonicity.

Background & objective: Students' mental health is a priority of health systems. University environment and dormitory and some other factors may impose on mental health of systems. This research aimed to examine the status of students' mental health studying at North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences in 2010.Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in the first semester of the year 2010. A total of 212 students living at dormitory completed a questionnaire including demographic information and GHQ containing 28 items. The data were analyzed with SPSS. Statistical tests are Chi square and kruskal Wallis.Results: Findings showed that 43.1% of students were in some way suspicious of having mental disorder and mean score was 24.21±1.58.6.6% of students suffered from physical problems, 7.1% anxiety disorder, 10.8% social disorder and 9% depression. In this research no significant relationship was found between mental disorder and field of study, family income, and entrance year (P>0.05). A significant relationship was found between mental health and gender (P<0.019).Conclusion: Based on findings of this study, the prevalence of mental disorder (43.1%) is high between students and counseling different aspects to improve students' mental health status may be an urgent requirement.

Background & Objectives: Growing Antibiotic resistance is rapidly increasing in both developed and developing countries. Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children that treats with antibiotics. This study was conducted to evaluate correct prescription of antibiotics in children less than 5 years old in hospitalized for diarrhea with at Imam Reza hospital in Bojnord 1389.Methods & Materials: A total of 292 children, aged less than 5 years old with diarrhea were recruited in this one group cross-sectional study. Sampling design was non-random, purposeful sampling. The clinical history, socio-demographic characteristics, physical examination findings and laboratory finding were recorded in tree questionnaires. All data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVAs, chi-square and correlation using SPSS 11.Results: 53% children were male. 73% patients had vomiting and fever.42% had abdominal pain and 24% had dehydration. Antibiotics were prescript for 79% of patients; 70 % prescribed on antibiotics was incorrect. There was a significant relation between negative stool exam and misuse of antibiotics (P<0.05). Kapa agreement coefficient was 0.125 that means invert relation.Conclusion: prescription of antibiotics must be according stool culture and diagnostic tests. Most attention should be payed to common viral diarrhea in hospitalized children to prevent antibiotics resistance.

Background & Objectives: Relevant eating pattern has an important role in childhood. Recent studies have shown that the methods used by parents to feed children have an important role in the child’s diet and BMI. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between social factors and feeding practices with diet in 3- 6 years old children.Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted upon of 208 parents with children aged 3-6 years was carried out in 30 nurseries of Rasht in 2010. Parents reported their own and their children demographic data. Aspects of child’s feeding practices were assessed using Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ). Height and weight of mothers participated in the study were measured. Measures included social factors, aspects of parental control practices and the child’s diet. The role of parental and child social and demographic factors and child feeding practices in predicting children’s diet was assessed using multiple block entry linear regressionResults: Results showed that Children diet was related to mother’s age, marriage, education and child’s age and sex. Moreover, mother’s use of encourage balance and variety, Food as reward, involvement, modeling, monitoring, child control, restriction for health, and teaching about nutrition was related to child’s diet.Conclusion: The results showed a significant relationship between social factors and control practices with aspects of the child’s diet.

Background & Objectives: Anemia is one of the main problems in the world with a major effect on the working output of individuals. Taking into consideration that prison is a closed environment and the food intake of the prisoners is based on the routine diet they receive, the prevalence of anemia was investigated in the central prison of Mashhad.Material & Methods: This was a descriptive study upon 435 people (48 women and 387 men) who were randomly selected from the prisoners jailed in central prison of Mashhad. A questionnaire including questions regarding weekly receiving foods, sex, age, judiciary and crime type was completed. A blood sample was initially taken from the selected people and hemoglobin, ferritin and iron were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and student, chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: Generally, 6.5% of prisoners suffered from anemia diagnosed by low hemoglobin and hematocrit it. Anemia diagnosed by ferritin was more prevalent in women than men (p<0.001). Iron insufficiency was significantly more in women than men. The data also showed that anemia was increased with age.Conclusion: Based on the current study and the classification of the World Health Organization, iron deficiency anemia had a moderate prevalence among the prisoners of Mashhad central prison. Considering the physical and mental effects of iron deficiency anemia, special attention to sufficient micronutrient supplementation in prisoners’ diet is recommended.

The work ability has been defined as the degree to which a worker is physically and mentally able to cope with the demands at work. Finnish researchers have constructed a questionnaire based method, the Work ability Index (WAI), to operationalize the concept of work ability. Based on this questionnaire, the workers’ final index scores ranges from 7-49, and is divided into four work ability categories as: poor (7-28 points), moderate (28-36 points), good (37-43 points), and excellent (44-49 points). WAI has been promoted in recent years as a valuable tool in occupational health programs to measure objectively the work demand and ability to work among workers. This index could be used for evaluation of occupational intervention and identify workers who are at risk for work related disabilities.

Background & objective: Postoperative sore throat is a common complication of anesthesia that is prevalent in patients after laryngeal tubing. Glucocorticoids are inflammatory response and hydrocortisone may have potential advantages in the prevention of postoperative sore throat. The aim of this study was evaluate the efficacy of intravenously administered hydrocortisone in reducing the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat in patients receiving general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway insertion.Materials & Methods: Sixty patients aged 20-60 years who were candidate for urogenital surgeries under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 were received hydrocortisone 100 mg (2mL) and group 2 (placebo) were received normal saline 2mL intravenously 5 minutes before induction of anesthesia. At the end of the surgical operation, the patients were asked about sore throat symptoms at the recovery, the second, and the fourth and at twenty four hours after the end of the surgery. Sore throat was graded using a 4-point scale and was evaluated by an anesthesiologist who was unaware to the type of the treatment.Results: Postoperative sore throat was seen in three cases (10%) in the hydrocortisone group and in six cases (20%) in the placebo group. there was no statistically significant differences between two groups. Neither moderate nor sever pains were observed in any of the postoperative periods in patients of both groups. There were no statistically significant differences in regards of pain in all intervals after recovery between two groups.Conclusion: According to our findings, intravenous administration of hydrocortisone 5 minutes prior to the induction of anesthesia had no effects on the severity of postoperative sore throat in urogenital surgeries.

Myiasis is an infestation of living vertebrates causing by the larvae of (Maggots) dipterous flies: This infection occurs most frequently, in tropical climates. The presence of disease in domestic animals is a global agricultural problem.Case Report: This case is a nasopharyngeal Myiasis in a 52 years old woman who was admitted in ICU. We report the symptoms and outcome of the disease to help physicians and neursing staffs who may be involved in such ectoparasitic infestation.

Background: Iranian national portal for best practice of primary health care including: collection, recording and report of personnel and health worked in different areas of primary health care system at the national level, provides a deep understanding of the applied health concept. Approaches tools and method for all health activities that is equitable applied knowledge which interacts effectively with audience in the country is one of the major parts of the national scientific mission map. Therefore, illustration of the health status, designing and implementing appropriate interventions in order to improve the conditions assessment and evaluation of interventions is the mission of health system was the aim of this report.

Background & Objectives: Letrozole has fewer side effects than clomiphene citrate; this drug may be a replacement for clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of letrozole in ovarian stimulation in infertile women with ovulatory disorders infertility.Materials and Methods: Infertile women with ovulatory disorders hospitalized in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sary were randomly and double-blind assigned in a 1: 1 ratio to receive letrozole (2.5 mg) or clomiphene citrate (100 mg) during 3-7 days of their menstrual cycle. Patients were matched on the basis of age, body mass index and polycystic ovary syndrome. Numbers size and growth of ovarian follicles, hormonal factors and side effects of drugs were studied.Results: 48 patients with a mean age of 30.33±7.9 years old completed the trial. The mean time of follicle maturation in letrozole group (13.54±1.3 days) as compared with clomiphene citrate group (14.29±0.9 days) show significant difference with P<0.05. There was not statistically significant differences in numbers and size of mature follicles or endometrial thickness and drug side effects in two groups.Conclusion: Ovarian stimulation of letrozole was similar to clomiphene citrate, therefore, it may be suggested that this drug be used in treatment of women with infertility due to ovarian disorders.

Background & objective: This was a single-Centre clinical trial study of patients with refractory idiopathic Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) and it was defined as failed first line treatment, including fluid restriction, bladder retraining and a trial of at least two anticholinergic at therapeutic dosage, for 6 months. is characterized by a combination of urgency, urinary frequency and urge incontinence. We designed this study to investigate the effectiveness and safety of intravesical Botulinum toxin A (BTA) in neurologically normal patients with refractory idiopathic OAB of the Lower Urinary symptoms.Material & Methods: 13 subjects with refractory idiopathic OAB were injected intravesicaly by injection of 300U of BTA (dyisport 300 units /vial, ipsen biopharm ltd, uk). Each vial diluted in 30 ml normal saline solution (0.9% NaCl). Injections were performed in 30 different sites (four rows of five above the inter-ureteric ridge) with careful attention not to deepen it too close to the advantia avoiding inadvertently intraabdominal viscera injection and observing the development of an increased local consistency (bulking) Before and after intervention, we recorded urodynamic results and the number of lower urinary tract symptoms (daytime frequency, nocturia, incontinency and urgency) during a 24-h period. Data were compared by paired t test.Results: In our study, there were 11 women and 2 men (52.38 ± 12.84 years). All of urodynamics results and lower urinary tract symptoms significantly decreased after interventionConclusions: Intradetrusor injection of BTA in refractory idiopathic OAB was associated with significant improvements in both objective and subjective outcome measures and shows safe procedure with remarkable efficacy.