JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ORDER (ENTEZAM-E-EJTEMAEI)
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

The current research is study on societal security sense and the effect of law and Discipline authorities (e.g. police and courts) and also the effect of Social networks voluntary membership on it. The statistical group was all of city Mashhad inhabitants who were from 18 to 65 years old. They were selected by randomly sampling in 600 persons and analyzed and used a research made questionnaire. The findings showed that trust on courts, membership on art and literature associations, gender, married or single variations were analyzed by Regression. The finding shows that the first priority is improvement of governmental authorities especially the tows mentioned authorities. The second priority is developing social networks which can reinforce the citizens' societal security sense.

In recent years, police specialists and criminology are emphasized on preventive measures in hot spots. Studies showed that necessarily crimes don’t commit just in suburbs and open areas. But most of them occur in the city and hot spots. So, if police focus on these areas, its problem will decline. Meanwhile, it is logical that police applies its equipments and resources in these areas to decline the increasing rate of crimes. The research has done to analyze importance of crime place, identification of hot spots and current challenges in order to find the new strategies and substitutions. The method of the research is documentary and descriptive method. It is tried to understand the importance of hot spots identification and the role of police patrols with referring to related books, scientific articles and web sites. The findings showed that police can have effective performance in crime prevention by use of modern substitutive strategies, targeted patrols, and use of GIS and GPS technologies, Targeted stops and classifications of personnel.

Contrary to the past that the task of social worker was helping the need but now days the aim of social work is improvement of people's life quality. Social work services includes: welfare services and rehabilitation services to all ages (Childs, juvenile, youth, adults and aged persons) also capable and handicapped persons (physical, psychical, mental and social). On of the aim of social work is declining social problems including crime prevention with addressing to person's social – economic status.Declining social problems is doable by awareness and identification of problematic factors in neighborhood and interaction with related agencies. The method of the research is documentary and descriptive method and it is based on social work by legal and judicial policy. The findings of research show that there is a direct relation between low social – economic status and family' s awareness. It means that awarded families usually don’t commit crimes. But knowingly or unknowingly in families with social – economic status and having poor awareness of laws commit crime. Every distinct of city should has a social worker who can communicate with local families (under the control of police and municipality). He/ she can address educational, employment, entertainment, giving legal information. And give the some opportunity and interests of society. So the reasons of committing crime were declined. Giving legal information means informing the families with criminal, civil and citizenship laws and regulations. These will be achieved when cooperation between related agencies and organizations including police, parole societies, similar administrative agencies become more and these should adapted with the aims of social work in order to solve the problems of crime and prevention.

Traditionally Crime categories aren' t effective in crime prevention. Because these categories are based on the rate of penalties. And these are for convenience of judicial authorities and their proper aims. And these don’t give any information to police force about criminality and its prevention method. The method of the research is documentary and descriptive. And tries to give a systematic crime categories based on criminology practices and close factors of crime. So, first it is addressed the basic theoretic of police general challenges in crime categories.Then the recommended methods of police general challenges in crime categories were described. Last, the method of utilizing this information in promotion of situational crime prevention knowledge. For the recommended crime categories, there are two dimensions: 1- The dimension of criminal interaction of offender and victim that shows different criminal behaviors.2- The dimension of pre-criminal places that shows places which crimes are occurred in it. Any recommended crime categories show for the police some special problem of criminality. Police can categorize the criminal issues methods of situational prevention by utilizing this recommended crime categories. So police have situational preventive strategies for any crimes and abnormal behaviors. This system will take effect if prevention police department can make a cyber link in the country. In this communication network, the experience of police action units in prevention sends to the centre of network. These information were also analyzed in the chart of recommended crime categories and sent to all action units.

The current research is made for answering this question: what are the administrative limitations in police-based crime prevention? Study of theoretic base showed that the prevention definition of any action is done by qualified authorities especially police before crime commitment in order to prevention from crime. And administrative limitations are defined exited limitations in the time of doing preventive measures. So, the research was done by qualifying method for finding these limitations. The method of the research is practical and survey style. The statistical group was 51 police chiefs and their assistants and police station's personnel in prevention section. And research made semi- open questionnaire then collected opinions were analyzed by context analysis. These were preceded and coding.These interviews with some questions emphasized that law, organization structure, training manner, and personnel's motivations, without interaction of governmental with non- governmental organizations and other factors make some limits for police-based crime prevention. The findings of research were showed by context of interviews and preference of mentioned factors: 1- the current structure in police stations is the first preference for making limitations in action for police-based crime prevention. Some challenges are: Continuing change of structure and not assigning special personnel.2- The next preference is the effect of training method that is considered in tow sections: public and personnel's education.3- the third preference is the effect of motivation. Lack of support of judicial and managerial from personnel and poor personnel' s welfare are considerable.4- The next preference is the effect of law and the current laws are as a limitation issue.5- non- intervention with governmental and non- governmental agencies are fifth and sixth preference.

Crime prevention is not a new comer in the world but it is one of the most important concerns of human in all period of the history. The current research is done on order to Study how to decline the car theft in west of Tehran to find the some effective factors on police patrol. The method of the research is practical and survey style. The statistical group was 81 police chiefs and their assistants and police station's personnel in prevention section, police patrol personnel, theft unit personnel who were selected randomly. Collecting tools were interview, questionnaire and documental study. The findings of research were showed that there is a significant relation between police patrol, education, environmental features, personnel powers, action practices, car equipment and on time information. Practical training of patrol forces will affect on car theft. Environmental features and acquaintance with local affect on car theft. Car equipment and equipped sufficient police patrol affect on car theft well. Expanding police patrol powers affects on car theft well. Existence of patrol practice standards affect on car theft well. on time and online information to police patrol unit affects on car theft.

Ordering to the religiously good and forbidding from religiously unlawful acts are the most important element in Islamic issue.From variety and different view points, many verses and narratives emphasized on this social, religious and political task.So these tow divine treasures were neglected by nonchalant. The important reasons of this neglecting are unknowing of its position and successive practical methods. The aim of current research is New and practical analysis from ordering to the religiously good and forbidding from religiously unlawful acts in social discipline and the answer to this question that is the ordering to the religiously good and forbidding from religiously unlawful acts in social discipline effective? The method of the research is documental and descriptive style. The findings showed that ordering to the religiously good and forbidding from are important in supervision of security and social discipline. The more the ordering to the religiously good and forbidding from are expanded in society the more it helps effectively on social reforms and security provision for social discipline. Social discipline based on ordering to the religiously good and forbidding from will result in adducing obligatory and reformation of religious and word affairs in order to supply the social security and discipline.