Journal of Woman Cultural Psychology
Year:2012 | Volume:3 | Issue:11|Papers Count:9

The women employment has been a controversy issue. Regarding the different aspects on such an agenda; numerous positions had been taken to either oppose or support it. What should be taken into concern in raising the women employment topic is diagnosing the existing problematic and drawing effective policies to resolve them; concerning femininity gender and Islamic ethic and law principles. While law philosophy with realistic view point and by referencing to advantages and disadvantages; appropriate to women potentialities and capacities and via adaptation of natural and approved laws, tried to support the women employment. On contrary the ethic philosophy tend to oppose women employment by discussing controversial issues; meanwhile by directing women employment toward affective and emotional management of the society; it authorized the women employment while lack of contradictory to women roles in the family and in-home and appropriate to innate women characteristics. It is necessary to accomplish policies to eliminate the obstacles of women employment based on Islamic Ethic and Law Philosophy. Such policies should be based on benefit of the feminine and the society, realization social and political insight, safeguarding the family, protecting women identity, virtue, and emotional management of the family and the society.

This research was devoted to women’s literature and its characteristics in the era of Islam. Since the writing of history of Arabic literature was male-dominated: in some cases locating literary works and poetry produced by women was difficult. But in the modern age due to various researches, the role of women in poetry and literature has been more evident and many sources deal with women’s poetry. We can be realized that women’s poetry has its own differentiating characteristics. Among these differences is that women did not sell their poetry for cheap and did not make it a source of earning a living. “Emotion” had been a strong feature of women’s poetry. Women’s poetic techniques were not much different from men’s; although women poets tended to use specific techniques such as elegy.

Language is a fundamental factor in story writing. One of the important topics in language study is the consideration of gender and its relationship with the implemented language in the literatures. Most of the researchers believe that there is a difference between women’s and men’s writing and language. The current researches reviewed the characteristics of females in Simin Daneshvar’s writings and then compare them with women’s language in Jalale Ale Ahamad’s writings. The study showed how femininity emerged in dialects, words, point of view on the life and dealing with different issues and made the women’s writing differ from the men’s writing and effected their characterizing. Words and expression like drat, God give me death! and so on…, interrogative, broken language, using slang and being shaky with maybe, should, mistrust, mentality, feeling expressing, thinking with fear, casting activities like sewing, knitting, cooking and being attentive in private affairs highlighted such differences.

One of the most important points of view about women which take durable and emphatic effect in public attitudes toward female is what religions and religious leaders argued. The pessimistic western world’s opinions about women’s rights in religions were due to cathedral church instructions and their social discrimination, so they designate the both Testaments’ view as a divine religion view. In this study by referring to Holy Quran and The Bible, it has been attempted to make a correct and universal picture from their view points about women’s rights and her role in family and society. We work on this issue by answering to the questions such as: what are Holy books (Quran & Bible) opinions about women? What is the comprehensive religion in this subject? It follows that, Bible attitudes are different from Quran’s. Christian’s Holy book accords a lower place to woman in society than that given to men and called her dependant creature that is contrary to Islam viewpoints. Furthermore, Christian beliefs about, Eve seduces Adam; cause a negative convictions toward women, that itself may be a factor for has been deprived from her human and social rights. It would be in contract with Muslims thoughts. Holy Quran that in women’s rights issue as well as the other issues has such great evolution and also perfection, which guide every reader to understands the accuracy and celestial of this book.

The aim of current research was to investigate the relationship of emotional intelligence and coping styles with mental health among female students of the Andimeshk Islamic Azad University. The study sample included 170 female students that were selected by simple random sampling. To gather data Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Bar-on), Endlr and Parker Coping Styles Questionnaire and Symptom Check List (SCL 90-R) were implemented. The research designed to be a correlation type. The results of data analyzing via using multi-variable regression and Pearson correlation coefficient in a significance level of (P<0.05) showed that there was a significant relation between emotional intelligence and coping styles with mental health. The results also indicated that the avoidance coping style and emotional intelligence was a significant predictor for mental health.

This study sought s to probe how Iranian women’s statuses in economic and social spheres affect their environmental protection state. The statistical population was 198 women who were studying at Abadan Islamic Azad University for academic year of 1388-89.The sample was selected randomly by multi stage cluster sampling. The research followed descriptive correlation method. The results revealed that socio-economical factors affected the women’s performance in protecting their environment while the study showed that social factors had more impact than economical factors concerning environment protecting by women.

Today, violence against women and their abuse are committed in a variety of ways, the most complicated and severe type of which is sexual crimes that are increasingly overgrown. Human societies are dipped into the whirlpool of corruption due to leaving their heavenly learned lessons; yet they barely think of religious solutions. Perhaps, the same phenomenon applies to Islamic countries, as well. Although – due to religious, cultural and social conditions - the issue of sexual crimes commitment including sexual abuse of women is more limited in these countries compared to other ones and in particular western countries, the essence of committing such crimes implies social and cultural damages which should be radically fought against, making use of religious approaches and social control model of the religion and especially Islam criminal policy. A glance at respective statistics indicates social harms and deviations; however, it has not still surrounded the whole society. Undoubtedly, the violence against and sexual abuse of women are considered as one of the different social deviations, major disturbing factors of cultural, social, regulatory and disciplinary security of the societies, and that is why different legal systems adopt particular solutions, strategies and measures to control, handle and eradicate it. In the meantime, Islamic legal system and the criminal policy adopted, takes severe action against sexual deviations in general and sexual violence and abuse in particular. The author of this paper intended to provide a quick overview and description of juridical rulings and the penalties prescribed in Iranian criminal law and Syrian criminal law by proposing a definition for sexual violence and abuse while specifying different types of them so as to offer suitable legal suggestions as well as to determine the related legal gaps.

Today, due to the economic development and mechanization of production, physical or bodily capacities would not contribute to the development of countries. On the contrary, in many societies women have played a major role in the magnificent growth of economies of their countries, so that from a modern point of view, and for many of the new economics, it is not the sexuality but participation of individuals-disregarding sexuality factor- that determines the merits of women and men. During recent decades the study of the effects of economic and non- economic variables on women activities, has been the agenda of researchers, from which we can point up the effect of economic growth on women’s activities. This was carried out for the first time in 1981 by War. The main point here is that fundamentally, in the early stages of economic growth, the relation between women activities and the economic growth has been negative, but the relation becomes positive for later stages of economic growth. This study tried to test the effect of economic growth on the index of women’s participation for selected Asian countries which have different income groups (including Iran). This would be done using the method of Panel data. It was shown that the improvement of two indices: life expectancy and literacy for women would increase the rate of women’s participation. The results showed that there was a U-form relation between women’s participation and economic growth.