JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND EDUCATION RESEARCH
Year:2012 | Volume:4 | Issue:4 (16)|Papers Count:11

The main purpose of this research is to consider the educational-extension strategies relating to management of Optimum consumption of water to cope with the drought among wheat growers in Ilam province. This is an applied type research and causal effect was used. The total population was 45000 wheat growers and by using Cochran formula, 150 respondents were selected through simple random sampling method. Main tools of this research was questionnaire and to assess the reliability of questionnaire, the pretest have been done by completing 30 questionnaire and Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to be %83. Statistical analysis was performed through Spss version/15 software. The results of correlation analysis between research variables showed the there was meaningful relationship between variables of educational methods, extension functions, farmers participation and water management barriers and management of optimum consumption of water. The results of step-by-step multi-variable regression showed that water management barriers and farmers' participation have explained %65 of the variance of the dependent variable.

The main goal of this study was to measure knowledge, attitudes and skills of participants about development of integrated pest management in the farmer field school approach in the Sistan Balouchestan Province. We used descriptive method and data collected by using survey approach. The total population was 140 participants in the farmer field school. The main instrument to collect the data was questionnaire which and its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and faculty member in the Sistan Balouchestan province. Its reliability was confirmed by a pilot study and Cronbach alpha coefficient was determined to be 0.89%. The findings of the study show that knowledge, attitude and skills level of more than half of respondents was good and excellent. In addition, to identify and explain the most important variables affecting knowledge, attitude and skills level of farmers participating in farmer field schools on integrated pest management practices, a multiple regression analysis was used. The results show that the predictive variables knowledge, attitudes and skills level explained to the 36.9%, 30.6% and 27.6% of dependent variable.

This research carried out with purpose of investigating the challenges facing of developing e-commerce trade in agriculture sector of Iran. The research design of the study was a survey utilizing descriptive-correlation technique. The statistical population consisted of expert staff in the ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture (N=100) which were studied by enumeration method and finally 80 questionnaire were collected and analyzed. A questionnaire was designed as a data gathering instrument. The instrument content validity was achieved by a panel of experts. A reliability analysis of questionnaire was conducted by a pilot test and a Cronbach’s alpha values were obtained ranging 0.88-0.95 for various parts of the questionnaire. The descriptive results showed that governmental, social, legal and technical challenges have relatively equal importance from the perception of the staff. Additionally, the governmental challenges (mean: 3.60) and social challenges (mean: 3.40) are respectively important and less-important challenges from the perception of respondents. The results of bivariate correlation test showed that there was a positive and significant correlation (p=0.05) between governmental challenge and the respondents’ view toward developing e-commerce trade in agriculture sector. The result of the multivariate linear regression indicated that 58% (R2=0.58) of the variance in respondents’ perception toward e-commerce could be explained by the governmental and social challenges.

The major purpose of this study was to examine the success farmer field school in increasing efficiency of wheat farmers in Hamidieyh. In order to assess the effectiveness of this scheme on the efficiency of farmers, this study is done in 1388-89 crop years in Hamidiyeh Township between group members and non-member farmers in the project. To calculate the efficiency, in this study two case fixed and variable returns to scale is used. The study results show that farmers who have participated in this scheme have higher efficiency than the other group and the main difference between these two groups is related to allocation efficiency. Also, the results show that variables such as experience, education and participation in training class have a significant and positive effect on wheat farmer's efficiency.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing the satisfaction of rural population with rural ICT centers. The statistical population for this study was the rural household heads of Kermanshah Township (N= 6218). A systematic random sample of population was selected (n=290). Based on findings, 45 percent of rural population was satisfied with ICT centers. In general, there is a moderate satisfaction level with ICT centers. The Path analysis by AMOS was used to analyze the relationship between satisfaction with the ICT centers and certain independent variables. The result showed that six important variables-age, average usage level of ICT services, level of education, income, number of children, and computer ownership significantly determine satisfaction. Age and usage level of ICT services had a positive influence on satisfaction. The influence of other variables was negative. Diffusion of information regarding the services of ICT centers and increasing the ability of rural population to use computer and internet can improve the satisfaction level toward ICT centers.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the entrepreneurial characteristics of students in Sistan and Baluchestan University, Agricultural and Natural Resource Saravan College. This was a descriptive and survey research. The statistical population consisted students of agricultural and natural resource college (N=510). They were selected by using random sampling technique (N=100). Instrument of data gathering was questionnaire. Method of Cronbach’s Alpha was employed to determine the questionnaire reliability. The Cronbach coefficient was found to be equal to 0.82, indicating a high level of reliability. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by expert’s panel. Data analysis was accomplished using SPSS. The results revealed that internal locus of control and need for achievement was high and medium level, respectively. However, risk-taking, creativity and the need for independence among the majority of students were low. A comparison of entrepreneurial mentality indicated there weren’t significant difference between associate and bachelor degrees students, except need for achievement trait. There were significant differences between the male and female students from risk-taking, the males had more risk-taking than females. There was no significant difference observed between male and female students.

The present descriptive/survey research was to analyze the relationship between ICT offices and social capital of rural population. The total population was 5000 rural population from Gowdin and Gharlogh villages, Kangavar township at the Kermanshah Province. Using Bartlett's table, 380 people were selected. Results of the study show that there were differences between social capital scale of a village having ICT offices and village which lacked these services.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate social and economical factors influencing the knowledge of wheat farmers by wheat farmers in Meshkinshahr Township about agricultural water management. The methodological approach was a descriptive-analytical of the survey type. Statistical population of this study consisted of all wheat farmers in Meshkinshahr township (N=2500). The sample size determined by using Cochran formula (n=185). The content and face validity of the instrument was confirmed by the faculty of members at university and experts. A pilot test was conducted to determine the reliability of the questionnaire and Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.82 was achieved. The results of study show that there was a statistically significant relationship between wheat farmer’s knowledge and agricultural water management.