JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT (QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES)
Year:2016 | Volume:9 | Issue:3 (34)|Papers Count:9

Inroduction & Objective: Gasoil is one of mostly-used oil products applied as diesel fuel, for instance, which, since it consists of aromatic compounds, is among the most important environmental pollutants. Considering its harmful effects on living organisms and human beings, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of gasoil ingestion on kidney factors of white Albino NMRI mice.Materials and Methods: 40 adult mice, with an average weight of 28 grams, were placed in four groups. Adult male mice were placed in two groups including a control group and a treatment group and adult female mice were divided into two groups of control and treatment. For 14 days, the treatment groups were fed once per day with 0.2cc of pure gasoil solution with a ratio of 6.6 mg/kg of the mice’s weight After weighing, anesthesia and macroscopic and microscopic studies of through the slides prepared, the desired parameters measured using the software motik. Then, the analyses were performed using SPSS V:19 software.Results: In the male and female extreatment groups compared to the control group in Variations in kidney tissue, indicated a significant relationship (P<0.05) Contains, reduced thickness of the outer cortex (except the inner cortex) kidney (30%, 40%), increased thickness of the internal and external medulla (20%, 21%). Reduced diameter of the proximal (43%) and distal tubule (30%), increased diameter of collecting tubule (60%, 30%).Conclusion: Due to the increased use of gasoil and generalization of the results of the present research to human kidney tissue damage, this substance imposes irrecoverable damages on human health. Hence, necessary measures should be taken by authorities for replacing, reducing its effects and raising public awareness of the methods of dealing with its effects.

Inroduction & Objective: Effects of CB1 cannabinoid agonists could activate Gabaergic neurotransmitter system and serotonergic in moulecular level, and their functional have knewn recognized in learning and memory. Mellisa officinalis has ability relaxation and GAB aergic properities were affected on stress and anxiety and through their terpenoid compounds and antioxidants were affected on learning and memory.Materials and Methods: Therefore, in this research effect of injection intraperitoneal extract hydroalcoholic of Mellissa officinalis (25mg/kg) on WIN, 55212-2(1, 0.5mg/kg) cannabinoid agonists state dependent learning on male mice were checked. Model step down was checked on memory.Results: Injection of WIN 55, 212-2(1, 0.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally in group without stress has decreased memory and pretesting injection of WIN 55, 212-2(1, 0.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally has increased memory. Pretraining injection of WIN 55, 212-2(1mg/kg) and pretest injection of extract hydro-alcholic of Mellisa officinalis (25mg/kg) has increased memory in male mice under restraint stress.Conclusion: WIN 55, 212-2(1, 0.5mg/kg) caused state dependent learning. It is probably that Mellisa officinalis according to Gabaergic properties and synaptic regulation cause to inhibitory effects of corticosterone on memory could increased learning.

Inroduction & Objective: Spirulina platensis is a blue-green algae that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds. In this study the effects of Spirulina platensis on spermatogenesis in male mice was investigated.Methods: 40 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10), Control: normal saline, Experimental 1: 75 mg/kg, experimental 2: 150 mg/kg and experimental 3: 300 mg/kg of Spirulina platensis received via gavage (During treatment= 30 days, every other day). After treatment the right testis of mice removed and fixed. The tissue stained with H&E. In tissues lineage cells of spermatids, epithelial thickness measured. Levels of testosterone, FSH and LH checked out. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan test. Level significant was p<0.01.Results: The number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, epithelial thickness and level of testosterone, FSH and LH in experimental 3 increased significant compared with control group.Conclusion: Spirulina platensis consumption in male mice increase the number of spermatids, FSH and testosterone.

Inroduction & Objective: One of the useful common methods in the study of breast cancer is cellular and molecular studies. Sox-2 play an important role in the differentiation of stem cells and started gene, but the expression of this gene in breast cancer tissue are observed. Therefore, the study of gene expression in cancer tissues of mice treated with phycocyanin from Anabaena sp. ISC55 cyanobacteria, which has anti- tumor and anti oxidant effect is there.Material and Methods: In this laboratory study 50 female Balb/C mice (In bread) prepared and planting methods in the area of breast tumors, was used to induce breast cancer. After from cultivation cyanobacteria in the culture medium BG11, extraction phycocyanin to face proprietary were done and some then with the results from spectrophotometry(UV-VIS), doses of 10 and 150ml order to treatments groups therapeutic were considered. After from completion periods of 21 days injection, RNA extraction would from tissue and subsequently making cDNA were done and then with the primer by proprietary and witness (Bactin), RT-PCR and electrophoresis was performed, and results were analyzed by softwares SPSS-16 and Image j.Results: Analysis of the results of RT-PCR technique showed that a dose of 150 ml phycocyanin inhibitory effect on Sox-2 expression in breast cancer cells.Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that phycocyanin from Anabaena sp.ISC55 cyanobacteria has some antitumor effects and can be used in the treatment of breast cancer.

Inroduction & Objective: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer related mortality among women and men worldwide, in such a way that the 5-year survival of patients is about 15%. According to the invasive role of CXCL12, challenges in various studies about expression and non-expression of CXCL12 and the presence of metastasis in early stages of lung adenocarcinoma, the A549 cell line is selected in order to investigate CXCL12 gene expression in it.Material and Methods: In this study A549 cell line was cultured in a DMEM medium contain 10% fetal serum bovine and 1% penicillin- streptomycin. RNA extraction was performed from the mentioned cell line and after qualitative and quantitative evaluation of extracted total RNA, cDNA was synthesized. Then CXCL12 expression was measured using Real time PCR.Results: CXCL12 low expression in lung adenocarcinoma A549 Cell line shows that it can be considered as a potential marker for predictive and therapeutic purposes.Conclusion: CXCLL12 has a low expression in A549 cell line.

Inroduction & Objective: Anxiety is a common mental disorders among human populations is considered. Due to the side effects of chemical drugs used to treat them, this study aimed to investigate plantago major leaf extract on the level of anxiety in rats was performed.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were used. Animals were divided in 6 groups: negative control group (normal saline), positive control group (diazepam 1 mg/kg) and 4 treatment groups with plantago major leaf extract (doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). Elevated plus-maze test was used to assess anxiety. Data using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test and a significance level of P<0.05 were analyzed.Results: The results of this study showed that plantago major leaf extract at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg causes anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze test and 100 mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) compared to the saline control group was reduced anxiety levels and showed similar results of anxiolytic effects of diazepam.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that plantago major leaf extract due to containing the flavonoid compounds have anxiolytic effects and this effect may be made through the of GABAergic system.

Inroduction & Objective: Colorectal is second common type of cancer in the universe. Genetic alteration scope in Colorectal is wide spread and inspections indicates infection to special kind of Kelebsiella pneumoniae bacteria which includes pks genes, can cause Colorectal cancer. A Kelebsiella bacterium is the reason for infectious diseases with challenging cures. Anti-biotic which are taken to cure (remedy) are of high side effects. This study is designed for the purpose of eliminating drug resistance and making use of low dose antibiotics in specific bacterial infections which makes change possible in intestine cell and incidence of cancer and may help cure or prevention.Material and Methods: In this method the investigation was carried out after supplying copper nanoparticles from Nano Pars Company with scale of 20 nanometer, purity degree of 99.9%, isolation and identification of Kelebsiella bacterium performed using common microbiologic and molecular methods. Kirby and Bauer method used in order to investigate bacterium resistance with different density of copper nanoparticles. The Synergistic effect or anti-biotic was investigated by impregnated anti-biotic discs with highest density of copper nanoparticles which not possess inhibitoring effect. In this study strains including pks gene, were identified and isolated through PCR, then through different tests antimicrobial effects of copper nanoparticles and antibiotics upon mentioned strains was investigated. Antibiotics resistant to strains were identified. Mentioned bacteria sensitive to copper nanoparticles highest concentrations of copper nanoparticles that was not inhibited, concluded that using the lowest concentration of nanoparticles that demonstrated synergistic effects with antibiotic resistant.Results: The overall result can be used for treatment and prevention using nano biotic. In comparison with copper nanoparticles aforesaid bacteria were sensitive, highest density of copper nanoparticles which had no controlling effect, were selected.Conclusion: General result was that through using lowest density of nanoparticles which the impact of Synergistic with resistant anti-biotic indicated, nano-biotic can be used for curing and prevention.

Inroduction & Objective: Diazinon (DZN) is organophosphate pesticides which as environmental pollutants cause oxidative stress. This study was done to determinate protective effects of exercise program and Salvia officinalis extract on liver tissue damages from diazinon.Material and Methods: in this study, 35 wistar rats randomly divided into equal groups including: control, DZN, DZN - extract, exercise- DZN, exercise- extract – DZN. Salvia officinalis extract with 100 mg/kg dosage for 4 weeks and DZN with 200 mg/kg dosage for once via intraperitoneally injection. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection and blood samples were collected from the heart, sera were used to measure the concentrations of ALT and AST via RIA method. Then liver removed of body and sections were prepared for histopathological studies. Data analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Duncan.Results: Number of hepatocytes and sinusoids capillary significantly reduced in DZN group compared to control (p<0.05). But the number kupffer cells increased. But exercise and extract significantly inhibited DZN-induced enhancement of kupffer cells, ALT, AST levels and decrease of hepatocytes and sinusoids capillary. Also histopathological alterations observed in DZN groups. There was no significant histological change between extract, exercise and combination of them and control groups.Conclusion: Salvia officinalis extract and exercise improves the body's antioxidant status and reduces of oxidative stress against diazinon.