Agricultural Sciences and Technology
Year:2007 | Volume:21 | Issue:2 (SPECIAL ISSUE IN ECONOMICS & AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT)|Papers Count:12

Given by economic growth and development theories, agriculture sector is the important and it can prove to increase of industrial production.Agriculture sector can cover the needed input of industry such as labor and capital stock. Also agriculture sector is a main market of industrial production.Thus to attention of difference between productivity and spillover of both section that made a supplement relationship between sections. Therefore to aim evaluating past policies and planning for future policies, it's necessary to recognize this relationship. So in this paper studied relation between Agriculture and Industry sectors in Iran's economy by using time series data 1978-2001 and Ordinary Least Square and Two Stage Least Square methods. Then relation of value-added growth of industry sector and Oil crops production considered as part of agriculture sector that it's related with industry. Finally effect of capital and labor on value-added of agriculture and industry sectors discussed. As shown results, the bilateral relation has a useful for agricultural sector whereas Oi1cropsproduction couldn't have influence on proving of industry sector.

In this paper has been studied factors influencing on investment in soil conservation practices by using Tobit model and a cross sectional data of 50 farmer in 1383 year. Results showed that age, family size, sloping land to total land ratio, awareness index of farmers to soil erosion problems and awareness index to soil conservation effects have positive effect and experience of farmers, education and share of cropping of total revenue has negative effect on investment in soil conservation. With respect to results of this study, payment of subsidy credit for soil conservation (green subsidy), attention to local knowledge of farmers and directing to extension training for creating of awareness about soil conservation effects as suggestion has introduced.

This study presented an analysis of the effects of Wheat price changes welfare in Khorasan Razavi province. For this purpose, a compensated variation method was used and net benefit ratio (NBR) was estimated. The results showed that 45.6 percent of the households are net buyer and 53.5 percent are net seller. While, 3 percent of income is obtained from Wheat production, the households spent only 0.4 percent of their income for Bread. Therefore, Khorasan Razavi households are net seller and so Wheat price increases have positive effect on their real income.

The main purposes of this study containing analysis of export trend of agricultural productions, survey of relationship between agricultural export, production and productivity and consequence, assessing impacts of export revenues instability on growth of agricultural sector in Iran during perrod 1981-2004. Instability of agricultural export was calculated with 3 indices. Then, using OLS and ARDL methods, the relationship between variables was estimated.The results show that impacts of agricultural production and productivity on agricultural export are positive. Effect of export instability on growth of this sector has been significant and negative.

The main objectives of this study were to investigate demand function of processing industries credits in Razavi province and surveying elasticity of credits demand with considering of wage rate, output and input price. Data set were obtained through 20 units of tomato sauce producers in 2005 (1384). Credit demand function was estimated by each unit output- price benefit function. Results indicated that credit demand related to wage rate compare to output and input price is less elastic.The elasticity of credit demand related to input cost and output price is high. But they are opposite.The benefit of previous year has negative effect on credit demand.

Wheat production is one of the important products for agricultural policymakers because it is necessary for society. For increasing wheat production, ministry of jihad keshavarzi use Mehvary project since 1368. But these will not gain until we have not a suitable defend of wheat price. In this research we use 1370-84 wheat price guarantee data and then forecast it for 1385-1395withWinQSB software and Brown's linear exponential smoothing model. Also by using price guarantee and wholesale price in Iran, we determine wheat terms of trade. Results showed that wheat price guarantee with 5.5 percent per year will increase until 1395 and will come to 3400 Rials and the wheat terms of trade improving.

Exploitation of groundwater resources is common for potable and agriculture consumption in arid and semi arid regions. However, negative externalities have resulted from over exploitation and made many problems. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors making externalities and alternative solutions in order to decrease it at Fars province. The results showed that, negative externalities decrease by decreasing discharge of irrigation wells through restriction on license of new wells, particularly wells with high discharge. Negative externalities and over water consumption will be decreased by drilling wells near the farms with minimum distance from the borders. Results also indicated that, water exploitation cannot decrease by increasing water price and amortized cost did not have effects on net returns and economic access to groundwater. But, it is possible to avoid decreasing farms' net returns by using more labors at the farms and decreasing water consumption.

In this study we tried to specify factors determining the tisk of financial resources supplied to the demanders by Bank Keshavarzi that operates under Islamic Banking operation. To this end, we developed a model based on logistic regression using financial and managerial information of 5690 corporate borrowers. Results indicate that previous defaults on Checks, number of banking accounts, the ratio of collateral values to loan values, the amount of money supolied, duration of loan, having guarntor, grace period, type of Islamic contract, the location of activity, and type of activity are important factors that affect the porfonnance of the loan repayment. In addition, results revealed that special event such as drought has considerable effect on probability of loan default. The calculated probability of default in this study revealed that the bank can reduce the probability of default to less than 10 percent by differentiating the risky demanders from less risky ones using the factors specified in this study.

This study is conducted with the aim of considering and evaluating of relation type between inputs in final production and also, possibility of substitution between farm and non-farm inputs in retail output production is considered. Beef, lamb and chicken are chosen. In this article, via econometric model, beef, lamb and chicken retail demand model and elasticity of substitution between farm and non-farm inputs and its significance for period of 1997-2004, are estimated. Results show that possibility of substitution between farm and non-farm inputs for beef is valid but complementary relation between farm and non-farm inputs for Iamb and chicken is not valid.