JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOBIOLOGY IRAN
Year:2011 | Volume:8 (NEW) | Issue:3 (34)|Papers Count:7

An experimental was conducted to determine the effect of helium neon laser irradiation on the morphology of small intestine of hatched broiler chicks. A total of 225 day old (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized. Design with 3 treatments in 3 replicates (25 chickens per replicate). Experimental treat were: 1) without laser irradiation (control). 2) 6 mw laser irradiation, for 1.5 minute, 12 hours before incubation. 3) 10 mw laser irradiation, for 1.5 minute, 12 hours before incubation. At the ages of 21,28,36, and 42 days , 2 broiler was selected from each replication, and various sections of their small intestine were sampled in laboratory (1, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90% length of small intestine). And villi length, crypt depth, and their ratio were measured. The results of related to morphology of small intestine (villous length and crypts depth) showed distinguish between treatments were significant (P< 0/05). Helium neon laser irradiation on the morphology of small intestine of hatched broiler chicks had significant effect. Thus, helium-neon laser irradiation with an intensity of 10 mw on villous length and crypt depth had a positive effect on nutrient absorption has the effect of feed.

Survey of parasitic contaminated sheep livers in Urmia slaughterhouse Parasitic diseases have a critical importance in small ruminants. Liver parasites, because of their role in economic losses in sheep husbandry are in attention. The escape mechanisms of parasites, from immune system detection, cause difficulties in production of effective vaccines. Parasitic diseases are chronic disorders, so economic aspects of these diseases of more discussible. To determine the parasitic contamination of the liver of sheep slaughtered in Urmia city within a year (fall to winter, spring to summer of 2009 and 2010) livers of 18.000 slaughtered cases where evaluated. Recorded parasitic contaminations during fall to summer were: 896 (19.91%), 962 (21.37%), 1055 (23.43%) and 817 (18.15%) respectively.

study on period of persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in different organs in guinea pigs. After adaptation of foot-and-mouth disease viruses type O in 10 guinea pigs pad’s, 30 Animal divided to 5 groups containing 6 animals in each group so that 5 animals inoculated from each group and normal saline injected in a guinea pig as negative control.Euthanized animal in 5 periods including: 2 days post virus generalization, 4 days post virus generalization, 14 days post virus generalization, 30 days post virus generalization, 60 days post virus generalization. Then collecting samples from: heart, lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, retropharyngeal lymph node, palntar epithelium, inguinal lymph node and tongue Epithelium, sent to Pathology Department to pathological studies also other of those sent to FMD Department to viral detection. Pathological samples fixed in formalin then prepared paraffin ،s blocks and slides with 5 microns with H&E staining. Viral samples kept in glycerinated buffer and detected the amount of virus by Sandwich Elisa according to reference. At least base on our study the maximum of FMDV lesions we observed affected plantar Epithelium, Lung, Tongue Epithelium and spleen consequently and showed that pathologic lesion contained: Intracellular spongiosis, vacuolization and pyknosis of cells from the spinous layer, Intercellular edema in spinous layer of Epithelium (plantar and Tongue) also Hyperemia and increased size of inter alveolar septa in Lung and decreased in white pulp compared to uninfected control guinea pig in spleen. In addition results of Elisa determined extreme amount of virus were in 14 days post virus generalization and we have not any evidence of being virus in 30 and 60 days post virus generalization. It is concluded that the results of Pathological observations can be confirmed by Elisa detection.

Mycoplasmosis a common disease in the poultry industry. Among the most important illness-making in birds Mycoplasma, it can be called Mycoplasma gallisepticum. But so far, we did not have any research about finding Mycoplasma gallisepticum by using of PCR method in Ghaemshahr Town ship. The goal of this study (research) was isolation and identification Mycoplasma gallisepticum of Ghaemshahr Town ships commercial broiler flocks with using from microbiology and molecules (PCR) methods. In this research performed sampling from eighty one of Ghaemshahr Town ships commercial broiler flocks. at the beginning of this work, from commercial broiler flocks performed biopsy of windpipe, sirenx and air socks and after transmitting samples to Razi institute, it began to culture PPLO bruth place and agar into sampling of tissues. in this research, from the whole eighty one sampled farm broiler, twenty farm broiler in regard to culture, and forty farm broiler in PCR experiment in regard to genus be positive as well as ten farm broiler in PCR experiment in regard to Mycoplasma gallisepticum species. The results indicate that Ghaemshahr Town ships farm broiler be contaminated to Mycoplasma gallisepticum and basic programme is necessary for control and prophylaxis disease s factor, and be recommended to making use of molecule s experiment such as PCR for identification diseases factor and immediate diagnosis.

Ketamine is a suitable injectable anesthetic in human and animal that has a low intestinal absorption rate. It's bioavailability in human with oral administration is %20±7 and with rectal administration in cat is %43.5±6.1 .this drug has some side effects such as hypertension, histamine releasing effects, hallucination , hyper salivation (specially with oral administration) and etc. Midazolam is a short acting benzodiazepine that can pass trough blood-brain barrier and causes CNS suppression. Then it seems that co administration of Midazolam and ketamine cause more effective & deep CNS depression effects.The aim of this study was evaluation of ketamine and Midazolam CNS suppression effects in the manner of single and together in cat. Ten free roaming male & mature cats received drugs [ketamine (20, 40, 80mg/kg) & Midazolam (0.3, 0.6, 1.2mg/kg)] first in mixture of milk (40ml) or meat (30g) or sublingual spray rout. In 2nd stage they received concomitant doses of Midazolam & ketamine by the method mentioned above. Each animal was observed continually by educated observer for CNS depression as graded on the behavioral scales.Almost all of the animals rejected receiving drugs in mixture of milk and meat. So subligual spray rout used for oral administration of drugs. Ketamine & Midazolam showed a dose dependent effect in different administered doses. Concomitant use of Midazolam with ketamine improved ketamine's CNS depression effects. Also duration of CNS depression was longer with co administration of these two drugs. Results showed that administration of ketamine & Midazolam in mixture of milk & meat is not a suitable method in cats. But a strong and long-time CNS depression is achieved when ketamine sprayed in mouth (as sublingual form).

Iran is rich in medicinally important plants and has an ancient herbal treatment methods. Our work is based on the study of some indigenous plants which show inhibitory effect of glucose utilization, and are in use as hypoglycemic agent in traditional system of medicine. Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia and Eugenia jumbolana have been shown to possess hypoglycemic activity of varying degree. After preparation of glucose solutions and mentioned herbal aqueous extracts, quantative measurement of glucose was done by o-toluidine and glucose oxidase methods in various PH. The results in three different media revealed that, hypoglycemic activity is more prominent in neutral and basic media as compared to acidic medium.

Coccidiosis is one of the most important causess of enteritis in lambs and kids and can be responsible for diarrhea, weight loss and even death. In this study a total number of 7 kids native from a flock with range ages between 3 to 4 weeks old with history of depression, loss of appetite, dehydration, emaciation and bloody diarrhea were referred for diagnosis of the disease to clinic of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord. Haematological changes included decrease in RBCs (3.5 ×106 /mm3), Hb content (5.5 ± 0.3 g/dl) also reduction PCV% (21 ± 1.85 %) and leukocytosis (21.35±0.95 × 103 /mm3) with neutrophilia (69±4 %), lymphocytopenia (24±3 %). At necropsy, gross lesion were observed mostly in the ileum, cecum and proximal colon. This lesions containing cerebriform pattern on the serosal surface of the intestine, severe and diffuse a lot of small  whitish  non- pedunculated nodules on the mucosal surface of jejunum and middle ileum with hemorrhage and severe hemorrhage on the mucosa of the cecum and proximal colon. Microscopical study of ileum nodules revealed increased length of crypts, papillary hyperplasias of the mucosal epithelium, mild inflammatory reaction and presence of developmental stages of the Eimeria in the hyperplastic enterocytes. Microscopic examination of the intestine is required in order to determine how much damage has occurred, particularly in the areas between the white nodules. In conclusion Coccidiosis control Programme major importance in domestic animals.