The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches
Year:2009 | Volume:1 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

The ownership in companies and attendance of legal entities and person as stock holders is one of the remarkable subjects which are considered by researchers in recent years. Gorkittisunthorn and Jumreornvong (2006), Attig, Fong, Gadhoumand Lang (2006) and Rubi (2007) had some researches about this subject. Studying the effect of stock holders' structure on transactions volume and stock liquidity is considered by the present research. Time period of research is 2003-2007.The Statistical population of this research is Tehran Stock Exchange.6 assumptions are considered in 2 groups. Statistical method is correlation.According to results there is no relationship between stock holders structure and transactions volume and stock liquidity.

This article investigates "the relation between accounting conservatism and cost of capital". Accounting conservatism is measured with two measures, asymmetric timeliness of earnings that is income measure and Market To_ Book ratio (MTB) that is balance sheet measure. So in this research the relation between accounting conservatism and cost of capital tested not for the all firm but also for the portfolio of the firm.The sample includes 86 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, a period from 1999 to 2007. The results show: There is a negative relation between accounting conservatism and cost of capital by using portfolio of the firm based of asymmetric timelines, in addition the results show that there is a positive relation between accounting Conservatism measured by MTB and cost of capital.

The aim of this research is to investigate necessity of existence a framework to prepare reasonable reports of increasing capital that are investigated and examined by Official Accountants according to the Article 161 of Amendment Part of Commercial Code and based on the Section 340 of Iranian Standards of Auditing. Meanwhile, a primitive framework is introduced to prepare such reports according to the common views of the members of Iranian Society of Official Accountants. In order to collect required information to examine assumptions, the procedures of opinion polling & indexing, has been utilized. For this purpose, 154 questionnaires has been collected and twenty reasonable reports of increasing capital related to years 2006 to 2008, has been examined and CHI-SQUARE test was used to evaluate assumptions of the information.A general conclusion of this research shows that the initial assumption, based upon this fact that lacking framework is the cause of lacking identical information contents in reasonable reports of increasing capital. This assumption has been acceptable for 99 percent of first and second statistical community.The second assumption is also based upon lacking framework conduct to present reasonable reports of capital increase without submitting usual techniques of projects evaluation, has been accepted according to the first statistical community sample in about 99 percent assurance and has been accepted in about 95 percent according to the second statistical community sample. After investigating and analysis of collected information and results of the research, the required information that shall be disclosed in reasonable reports of capital increase, has been specified and presented.

Having clear and comparable financial information is main factor in economic accountability and economic decision; it is also a unique necessity economic development and growth in both private and governmental sectors. Financial information users especially investors need these -information for affairs such as purchasing and selling the stocks, evaluation of manager's performance and other economic decisions. Investors invest in an economic entity when they have enough information about it. Financial information is the most important factor for making a decision in purchasing the stocks, profitability and the return of that company. The company can increase stockholders wealth acquiring appropriate return.In this research, relationship of disclosure level and stock return is studied. The statistical population of this research includes all the accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The number of these companies has been 439 by the end of 1381.Statistical sample contains 104 companies that have been chosen by stratified random sampling among statistical population. This research includes a hypothesis and a question. To account hypothesis variable of the research the available information in Tehran Stock Exchange has been used.To examine the hypothesis, Pierson correlation coefficient has been used. The research question has been replied according to acquired data, and has no accepted hypothesis in 95 percent confidence level. As a result there s no relationship between disclosure level and the stock return.

Changeable economic conditions and intense fluctuations in business environment are provided stakeholders to make decision under material uncertainty. In this case, using some models to predict economic and financial performance by identifying effective variables such as profitability, cash flows and growth is very important. From the late recent century, an ample of studies in Accounting and Finance have provided a descriptive approach based on financial ratio analysis. This approach is being reviewed from two fundamental aspects: profitability and financial status. The capability of financial ratios in predicting future financial crisis is being analyzed and compared through this approach and by using the 11 financial ratios. The aim of this paper is to predict firms' financial status using the ratios of profitability, cash flows and growth. So the purpose of this paper is to develop and test the financial performance and risk evaluation approach and to classify the firms into successful and unsuccessful. In this research the Logit Analysis is being used to review/test two groups of firms: bankrupt firms according to Commerce Law article 141, and omitted firms from Stock Exchange according to the decision of Bourse Admission Board. The results indicate that the financial ratios in both samples have the ability to classify them into successful and unsuccessful groups, but the codified model for bankrupt firms according to Commerce Law article 141 in comparison with the omitted firms from Stock Exchange is more accurate.

The prerequisite for Planning, and then Control as the two responsibilities in management in production companies, especially in producing edible mushroom, is having the cost, the cost in which the production of a proper cost accounting has been followed.Present research is about «examining the existence of cost accounting systems in the industry, followed by proposing a suitable costing system».Two hypothesis were suggested, “ as a lack of costing system on the industry “ and “ the possibility of development of an appropriate costing system for the industry “.In order to make sure that the developed system is practical, and in the absence of reliable input data, Delphi examination method is used and the system is judged by scholars and experts.

This study has investigated The relationship between environmental performance and financial performance in listed companies in Tehran securities exchange during 1380 to 1387.The purpose of this study is finding the relationship between environmental performance and financial performance and assembling the Model. In this study environmental performance index is having ISO14000 certification. Financial performance indexes are: Tobin Q Index, profitability ratio and cash flow operating-to-assets ratio.The result of this study is that no existence significant relationship between environmental performance and financial performance.But existence significant relationship between firm size, advertising cost-to-sale ratio, export sale-to- total sale ratio, financial leverage and sale-to-assets ratio by financial performance. Also type of industry is effective on The relationship between environmental performance and financial performance.

Liquidity Management means that Bank enable to pass financial assurance along time. Liquidity Management appears in different levels. Liquidity Management needs to finding the risks are around it variation of environmental variable. Liquidity risk is a scale for controlling and managing that role a tool for manager. In this thesis focus on liquidity risk of Saman bank as a case study.This applied research evaluating liquidity risk in Saman bank by method Value at risk between years 1381 to 1386. In this research financial reports of bank was been analyzed and the liquidity risk of Saman bank was calculated with value at risk method in research time duration. In research hypothesis claimed that the Liquidity risk of Saman bank had a decreasing trend in research time duration. Hypothesis of research was been tested by Cox regression. In parallel analysis, the simple regression model was been fitted. Result of tow methods indicate that the trend of liquidity risk was decreasing in research time duration.