RESEARCH IN AGRICULTURAL
Year:2009 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Effect of water deficit stress was stadied on some important agronomic characteristics of winter wheat cultivar and linesin Research farm of agriculture collage in Zanjan university. Water deficit as irrigation and no irrigation and 25 cuiltivars and lines of winter wheat that arranged in a split block design as base of RCBD with three replications. Sequential path analysis results indicated that, days to flowering, days to heading, awn and stem height could be useful to improving grain yield at non stress condition. Under stress condition, days to heading, peduncle and awn length could be useful characteristics for yield stability.

Plant density effect was studied on yield variations of soybean cultivars in Tea Research Station of Gilan Province. Cultivars as Sari, zane, L17 and Williams and plant density as 20, 30, 40 and 50 plant.m-2 were arranged in A factorial experiment as base of RCBD. Result indicated that density and Cultivar effect were significant on number of pod per plant, number of pod Per m2, number of grain per plant, number of grain per m2, yield per plant, Grain yield per m2, 100- seed weight and harvest index. However interaction Of treatment effect were significant only, in number of pod per plant, Number of grain per plant and 100- seed weight. Productivity effort was only Affected by cultivar treatment Zane cv. Had more seed yield, harvest index, Productivity effort 100- seed weight, than other Cultivars. The most Cultivar the Number of pod and grain per plant was produced by Sari cv. Increasing of density caused to reduce 100- seed weight, harvest index, Number of pod and seed per plant. Zane and Sari cultivars produced 523 and 446 g.m-2 seed yield, Respectively. However increasing of density made reduce number of pod and seed per plant, but there were positive and significant correlation among yield and number of pod and seed.

Effect of water deficit stress was studied on abscisc acid and ion leakage content in apricot (prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars. An experiment was conducted on split plot design as base of randomized complete block design with four replications, in Karaj during 2004-2005 .Apricot cultivars were Shahrudi, Jahangiri, Nasiri, Nuri and No 35 as main Factor and water stress was considered as sub plot. The results indicated that of water stress had significant effect on abscisic acid content at P<1%  K+ and Ca2+ Ions leakage decreased in stress condition. The highest and lowest ions leakage were observed in No.35 and Nuri had higher respectively. Nuri final fruit set than other cultivars.

In this experiment comprised four Mentha species of different climate conditions collected and evaluated on flowering stage. Species consist of Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson var amphilema of Ghazvin and Ardabil provinces, Mentha spicata L. of Tehran and Yazd, Mentha piperita L of Tehran and Ardabil, Mentha aquatica L. of Gheilan and Ardabil. Results indicated that species were significant difference on plant height, lateral stem number, leaf width, flower yield, percent of flower essential oil, yield of flower essential oil, leaf yield, percent of leaf essential oil, yield of leaf essential oil, yield of total essential oil, and flowering shoot yield (a<0.01) and leaf length and stem diameter (a<0.05). Comparing of mean indicated that Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson var amphilema of Ghazvin had highest plant height (70.67 em), highest stem diameter (4.1 mm), highest dry flowering yield (292.1) and highest flowering shoot yield (2056 kg/ha). Also Mentha piperita L. species of Tehran had highest leaf yield (914.4 kg/ha) and highest leaf width (2.132 em). Mentha aquatica L. species of Ghilan had highest lateral stem numder (39n/p) and Mentha spicata L. of Yazd had highest percent of flowering essential oil (1.592%). Analysis of essential oils showed that Carvone ware highest essential oil compounds of many species, except of Mentha spicata L collected of yazed. Minimum Carvone with 53.2% related to Mentha aquatica L of Ardebil and highest Carvone with 77% and 76.4% related to Mentha aquatica L. and Mentha piperita L. respectively of Tehran province.

In order to evaluating of planting pattern effects on yield and yield components of spring rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted at the research farm in The Islamic Azad university, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch. The experimental design was a split split plot in acomplete randomized block design with three replications.Experimental factors were included: two row-spacing (50 and 60 centimeter) as main plots and planting pattern in two levels (one and two row on the every ridge) as sub plot and three spring rapeseed cultivars as sub-sub plot. The results indicated that, planting pattern had significant on number of pod per plant at %5, and was non significant on the other characters. Effect of cultivars were significant on the 1000-seedweight, seed oil yield, number of pod per plant, biological yield and grain yield at p<0.01. The interaction effects of all experimental factors on all were non significant an traits. According to findings, RGS003 cultivar at the row spacing of 50 centimeter and two row on the every ridge, showed maximum seed yield and oil yield.

In order to investigate the effects of tillage on yield and yield components of safflower, in dry land condition, an experiment was done in Modbeh flat-khorramabad with a loam-sandy-clay soil in RCBD with three replication in 2003. Six tillage treatments in cloud no tillage-without herbiside, no tillage- twice herbiside, Moldboed plow, Sweep Plow and chisel were studied. Galant was used as herbiside application in no til1age as 1.5-2.5 litters per hectar. The results showed that tillage with chisel increased moisture content in soil, plant height, No. of pod, No. of seed per pod, 1000-seed weight and seed yield but decreased soil bulk density of soil. No tillage without herbiside decreased yield and yield component, significantly. There was significant difference between three stages of studies in soil bluk density. Soil moisture content was influenced by tillage and chisel plow treatment had the highest moisture.

In order to investigate ion of planting pattern and nitrogen fertilizer application method effect on physiological and agronomical characteristics of sweet corn KSC403su hibrid afactorial experiment was condacted as base of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in 2004 in feyz-abad station, Qazvin agricultural and natural resources research center. Planting patterns treatment including of one- row and two- rows on a ridge with width 75and57 centimetre, density and fertilization method including of five method as common method (Surface distribution), banding, 15%, 30% and 45% lower than soil analysis recommendation rate. The results indicated that planting pattern had a significant effect on grain yield, number of kernel rowskernels number per row (p£0.01) It affected ear at p£0.01, too The highest grain yield (7470 kg/ha), economic yield (24113 kg/ha), and leaf area index (3/54) were obtained in one- row planting pattern. The highest forage yield was obtained in tow row planting pattern. Fertilization method had a significant effect on kernel number per ear, kernel number per row, forage yield, number of active leaf at p<0.01. and economic yield (p<0.05). banding method, productwd the highest forage yield with average 29160 kg/ha, economic yield with average 24810 kg/ha, crop growth rate a mount 2.18 g.g.gdd and total dry matter. When ferilize was used as recommendation rate banding fertilization method with rate of 15% lower than recommendation had the highest kernel number per row, number of kernel, area of leaves connected to ear it seem the use of one-row planting and banding fertilizing caused to the highest of yield.

Drought is one of the important factors which restricts agricultural production. In order to study the effects of drought stress on agronomical characters tics dry weight, Harvest index, number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, seed 1000 and the activity of antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and catalase on red bean varieties an experiment was carried out in the experimental field of Islamic Azad university karaj branch, in 1384 a split factorial as base of randomized complete block design with four replication was condacted, in which the irrigation treatments (normal, stress) were set main plots and three Red bean cultivars (gholi, akhtar, sayyad) and selenium treatments (0, 18gr/h) as factorial method were put in sub plots results indicated that there significant difference between irrigation treatments characteristics. Therefor drought stress increased superoxide dismutase activity and reduced seed yield, total dry weight, number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod and the seed 1000 weight, significantly.