IRANIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS
Year:2014 | Volume:4 | Issue:14|Papers Count:6

The purpose of this paper is to compare the effect of neoclassical and institutional variables (good governance indices) on the employment rate in the developed countries in the Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) selected countries. The neoclassical and institutional variables are considered based on panel data econometric models for 24 of the OECD countries in the period of 1996 - 2011. The research model estimation includes seven equations (the first equation with neoclassical variables and the other equations with neoclassical variables and good governance indices separately) for developed countries of the OECD countries. The research model shows that neoclassical variables such as; the share of Gross Fixed Capital (GFC), the share of per capita real Final Consumption Expenditure (FCE) and the share of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flow as a percentage of real GDP are positive and significant in all seven estimated equations except in some sections for FCE and FDI. Also the effect severity of GFC is higher than FDI and FCE on employment rate. However, all six indicators of good governance (institutional variables) had a significant positive effect on the employment rate so that control of corruption index, voice of people and government accountability, government effectiveness, rule of law, regulatory quality and political stability, have had the first rank to sixth in terms of the impact severity on employment rate in these countries. Finally, practical suggestions are presented for improving the employment rate of the relevant countries according to the institutional approach (with an emphasis on good governance).

In this paper we attempt to identify the most important economic factors influencing the trade liberalization of Iran. The period of our study is from 1352 to 1386. The findings of our study indicate that based on ARDL and GARCH models there is a positive and meaningful relation between the size of GDP and the degree of economic openness in Iran. However, Consumer Price index and Foreign Exchange rate have negate impact on economic liberalization.

In this study we used an endogenous growth model including expenditures on R&D and imported intermediate goods as independent variables to investigate the effect of these activities on value added of selected industries indifferent Iranian provinces for the period of 1995-2010. Using panel data our study indicates that internal R&D and imported intermediate goods lead to adaptation of more advance technology and hence increasing the value added per unit of inputs and improving the competitive ability of the industry.

The goal of this paper is to investigate the role of government in promoting economic growth I Iran. We have used the ratio between government expenditure and gross national product (G/GDP) as a proxy of the size of government. To analyze the relationship, we have used ARDL method, for both short-term and long-term growth for the period of 1368-1391. Our results indicate that the size of government in both situations has positive and significant effect on economic growth of Iran. However, the extent of government influence over the long- term effects is short-lived.

In this research we are investigating the potentials of raisin production in Zanjan province of Iran. We applied PAM matrix, RCA and HHI indices to identify the domestic market structure and to see whether Zanjan has comparative advantage in production of raisin. We used both mailed questionnaires and information provided by FAO and our results confirmed that government subsidies are important elements in this market.

The goal of this study is to estimate the demand for daily trip to Tehran from the suburban areas. To determine the time value lost due to traffic congestion, following Gary Baker and considering the theory of time allocation, the value of daily trips has been estimated. To have a better understanding about the purpose and the consequences of these trips and based on the data provided by The Population and Housing Census 1385 (2006) demands for occupational and educational have been estimated.