Tourism Management Studies
Year:2015 | Volume:10 | Issue:31|Papers Count:6

The primary purpose of the research is to find the discursive strategies by which Iranian managers and elite legitimize or delegitimize discourses on tourism in Iran and the secondary purpose is to find the differences between governmental and nongovernmental discursive legitimacy of managers and elite in Iran. Critical Discourse Analysis of Van Leeuwen (2008) has been selected as a method of analysis . The population is 70 articles consist of news, interviews and speeches on tourism and 23 of all were selected purposefully as the samples. Both groups of governmental and nongovernmental managers and elite have legitimized positive interaction with the world and the security of Iran but have delegitimized the situation of tourism infrastructure and negative propaganda against Iran. Governmental sector agrees presence of private sector but with monitoring services of travel agencies, while private sector demands reduction of the role of government in this field.

Along with increasing development of service economy and competition in hotel industry, emotions accompanied with labor have become important within this industry. Surface and deep acting are considered as the strategies for emotional labor, through which people try to control their own emotions in the workplace. Therefore, present research has been carried out with the aim of studying and examining the impact of emotional labor on customer's satisfaction through the mediating role of job satisfaction in hotel industry. Population of the study consists of employees and customers of 4 and 5 star hotels in Tehran. In order to obtain sample size, Simple Random sampling way was applied and 385 were selected. This research is regarded as an applied study in terms of purpose and is a descriptive survey in terms of data collecting. In order to analyze data, structural equations' modeling was used. Findings showed that employees' job satisfaction and deep acting have a significant impact on customer's satisfaction. Surface and deep acting have also a significant impact on customer's satisfaction through job satisfaction while surface acting has no significant impact on customer's satisfaction By considering this fact that deep acting has a different mechanism in adjusting emotions compared to surface acting, Hotels may consider required training plans for employees to strengthen deep acting strategies, through which they can offer effective deep acting. So, in this way, they can increase costumers’ satisfaction.

Different cities have different features. They have huge investments, looking for more tourists to raise the return on investment. Word of mouth communication is one of the cheapest and the most valuable ways to develop tourism that has attracted attention of many scholars. Military personnel can be viewed as a source of WOM, because most of them spend many days in different cities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of service quality on military personnel WOM with the mediating role of satisfaction, city image and their attitude toward the city. This research is descriptive applied in terms of purpose. Questionnaire was used to survey 390 military personnel in the north and north east of Tehran. Structural Equation Modeling and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the gathered data. Results show that services quality has a positive effect on tourists' satisfaction and city image. Also, Satisfaction and city image have positive effects on attitude toward the city. Finally, satisfaction, city image and attitude toward the city have positive effects on WOM. Service Quality, Urban Brand, Brand Image, Attitude toward Brand, WOM.

The urban green space is one of the most important elements in urban metabolism. Global efforts have been done with the aim of physical environment conservation related to ecosystems, fauna and flora. Green spaces are made in order to improve urban ecology and provide a pleasant place for leisure time. The most important effects of green spaces on cities are reduction of air and noise pollution, temperature adjustment and increase of air humidity. Other effects are relative. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of methodology. Data were gathered from both primary and secondary research. To analyze data, One Sample T-test was used. The results showed that in confidence level of 95%, significance level is smaller than alpha level of 5%. Thus, the Chengery Park can effectively contribute in development of tourism industry. Then, developing Chengery Park is necessary for responding people’s needs.

Planning of resources and attractions for tourists and providing appropriate services with environmental planning on this resources is so important in tourism planning. Therefore, Sirch complex, located in Kerman province, was selected with an area of ten hectares in response to tourists’ needs. Due to the Physical Carrying Capacity, the number of tourists allowed to enter the site is 1644 per day, Real Carrying Capacity is 1062 per day and effective carrying capacity is 850 per day. Taking into account required standard per capita usage for each tourist, the effective carrying capacity, including Commercial area (850 square meters), Residence area (340000 square meters), Restaurant and fast food area (850 square meters) Sports and cultural area (2125 square meters), Recreation area (24100 square meters) and Roads area (30000 square meters) is estimated.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate and explain the effects that Isfahan domestic tourists’ image would have on tourism development of the city. The study population is a group of tourists who have experience of travelling to Isfahan. As the population of the study is unlimited, the sample size has been determined based on the method of Cochran's sample size determination, and a sample of 384 (convenient) was selected. In order to collect data, a questionnaire was applied using Likert scale (five choices). For the validity, formal questionnaire was used and reliability was calculated for each variable by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Structural Equation Modeling was applied for collected data analysis and conceptual model evaluation. Then, Model fitting and required analysis were done by using AMOS software. Finally, designed theoretical pattern were fitted by modifying conceptual model. Therefore, it can be stated that individual characteristics have positive and significant effects on tourists’ behavior, tourism achievements and tourism development, due to tourist’s image.