Payesh
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:9

Objective (s): Nursing wards’ organizational culture is related to nurses’ performance, quality of nursing care and patients’ satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the organizational culture of nursing wards. Methods: This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted in 18 hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The organizational culture questionnaire with 32 questions covering 8 dimensions (i. e., attention to details, customer-oriented, team working, creativity, risk taking, coherence, power distance and short/long-oriented) was completed by 244 nurses. Data was analyzed using SPSSV20 software and by applying descriptive statistics, Pearson test, one-way ANOVA and multivariate regression. Results: The mean score of nursing wards’ culture was 3. 60 out of 6 (Moderate). The highest and lowest scores in organizational culture were observed in social security hospitals (3. 75) and public hospitals (3. 53), respectively. The highest and lowest scores were related to attention to details (4. 24) and risk taking (3. 07) dimensions of organizational culture, respectively. Seeking nurses’ new ideas, doing tasks in teams, a spirit of creativity among nurses and considering change as an opportunity for improvement had the most effect on nursing wards’ culture. The hospital ownership type was associated with team working, creativity and short/long-oriented dimensions of organizational culture (p<0. 05). Nurses’ attention to details was increased by increasing the hospital beds (p<0. 05). Senior nurses paid more attention to details and married nurses were more team oriented (p<0. 05). Conclusion: A moderate organizational culture was reported in nursing wards of Tehran hospitals. Nurse administrators should strengthen nursing wards’ organizational culture, especially the risk-taking, creativity, coherence and team working dimensions.

Objective (s): Public private partnership (PPP) is a good strategy to increase the capacity and efficiency of the public sector and to deliver high quality healthcare services to the community at a lower price for the government. However, there are several challenges related to PPP in Iranian health sector. Moheb-Yas hospital is one of the few hospitals built with the PPP method in Iran. The purpose of this study is to identify, explore, and explain the challenges of PPP in Moheb Yas hospital operations. Methods This case study was carried out in 2018 using semi-structured interviews, documentation, archival records, and direct observation. Twenty-four key stakeholders involved in the establishment and operations of the hospital were purposefully selected and interviewed. Content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Moheb-Yas hospital PPP faced legal, structural, human related, cultural and managerial challenges. These challenges include vague and unclear model of partnership, political changes, insufficient supportive regulations and rules, design and built problems, limited utilization of the hospital capacity, lack of long term funding, employees’ low job security, unequal employees’ compensation, cultural differences, insufficient conflict management and resolution, management turnover and lack of participative management. Conclusion: The PPP experience in Moheb-Yas hospital was unsuccessful. Political support, stable economic condition, establishing a PPP unit, strong leadership, proper planning, trust and mutual responsibility are necessary for the success of PPP in the health sector.

Objective (s): In this research, we examined the different mathematical models of cancerous tumor growth and compared several models to calculate and evaluate the response of the growth logistic model to the specific growth rate conditions. Methods: The growth rate was simulated by considering it as a function of time (linear, exponential growth, and linear growth-decay). Responses were obtained by using Range-Kutta's numerical solution method. Results: The general response is the logistic growth curve, but the external factors in the treatment can be controlled to optimally respond of model. The optimal conditions for controlling the growth of the tumor obtained by the linear growth ratedecay for the constants 0. 1 1 k  and 1 2 k  . Conclusion: Solid tumor structure is associated with a decrease in the stage of growth of the cells prior to angiogenesis. Increasing lagging agents such as accelerating immunological response during exponential growth functions can control tumor growth. The numerical results obtained in this study can provide an optimal therapeutic strategy by reducing the volume of primary cancer by calculating angiogenic inhibitors. Also, by analyzing pathology, mechanical properties of tumor growth, cellular adaptation and therapeutic resistance, we can overcome some of the previous constraints in the general growth model.

Objective (s): The continuous assessment of the parents' information needs and its factors affecting can increase the quality of childcare. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the information needs of families who had children with cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on the 244 families referring to Isfahan's Seyyed-Al-Shohada Hospital, who had children with cancer. The data was gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire with 48 items in four dimensions: access, presentation, and exchange of related health information; provision of cancer information by the health care provider; health and counseling facilities and services; and social, economic and spiritual supports. The construct validity of the questionnaire was assigned and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0. 96. Results: The findings showed that the sex of the parent and the child's age were related to the overall score of the health information needs and the second dimension of the four dimensions of these needs (P<0. 05). The sex of the parents, their level of education, the duration of diagnosis, the type of cancer, and the presence of a cancer patient in the second-degree family were related to the first dimension. Also the sex of the parents and their level of education, place of residence, income, and child’ s age were factors affecting on the third dimension. And sex of the parents and their education, income, and child’ s age were related to the fourth dimension of the health information needs of the children's family (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the impact of some individual, contextual, and socio-economic factors on the information needs of the families who had children with cancer, health care providers need to consider these factors to meet these information needs.

Objective (s): As sociologists believe, some part of family changes in Iran is due to changes in people's attitudes toward childbearing values. The present study aimed to study some social factors affecting the attitude towards childbearing among married women and men. Methods: This cross-sectional was conducted among a sample of married women and men aged 18 to 49 years using cluster sampling technique in Tabriz, Iran. The research instrument consisted of a self-designed questionnaire on attitude towards childbearing, religiosity, family and modern media and modern rethinking. Results: In all 415 citizens were selected. There was no significant difference in attitudes toward childbearing between women and men (p= 0. 919), but there was significant difference between participants with different educational levels (p= 0. 010) and socioeconomic statuses (p= 0. 027) regarding attitudes toward childbearing. There was a direct correlation between family orientation (p=0. 000, r=0. 54) and religiosity (p < 0. 0001, r=0. 42) with the attitudes toward childbearing, and between modern reflexivity (p < 0. 0001, r=-0. 38), degree of usage of internet (p < 0. 0001, r=-0. 30) and degree of usage of virtual social networks (p= <0. 0001, r=-0. 24) with the attitudes toward childbearing. Independent variables entering the regression model explained 40% of the variance in attitudes toward the participants’ childbearing. Conclusion: To create positive attitudes towards childbearing among Iranian families, special attentions should be paid to strengthen family life and religion believes.

Objective (s): Considering the importance of preventive behaviors of sexually transmitted infections in women as a vulnerable group, for the first time this study aimed to translate and evaluate the validity and reliability of four sexually transmitted infection prevention scales in females. Methods: A standard forward-backward translation method used to develop the Persian version of four sexually transmitted infection prevention scales. Content validity of the scales (knowledge, perceived vulnerability, self-efficacy, and Intention) was assessed through a panel expert. Face validity of scales was established via impact score and a sample of lay people. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by the test-retest method (intraclass correlation coefficient) and internal consistency (calculating the Cronbach’ s alpha coefficient). Results: The CVR and CVI for the four-scales ranged from 0. 56 to 1. 00 and from 0. 83 to 1. 00 respectively. The impact score of all items was more than 1. 5. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient was 0. 66 – 0. 85 and (0. 84-0. 97 respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that the Persian version of four sexually transmitted infection prevention scales has proper validity and reliability. It can be used as a useful tool to evaluate knowledge, perceived vulnerability, self-efficacy, and intent to prevent infections about STI in females.

Objective (s): The Heart Failure Knowledge Scale: (HFKS) is an instrument for measuring the knowledge of patients with heart failure disease. This study aimed to translate and validate the questionnaire in Iran. Methods: This was a methodological study. After translation from English into Persian and obtaining the views of experts, the content and face validity of the questionnaire were determined qualitatively. In order to determine the validity known groups comparison and criterion validity (correlation coefficient between Persian version of HFKS and European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire-MLHF) were performed. Reliability was examined using internal consistency analysis and test re test. . Results: In all 150 patients with coronary hear disease completed the questionnaire. The results of known groups comparison showed that the mean knowledge of patients with heart failure with moderate economic level was significantly higher than other patients (p = 0. 0001). Criterion validity showed a significant correlation between Persian version of the HFKS and the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior (r = 0. 83) and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire-MLHF (r = 0. 175). The internal consistency (Cronbach’ s alpha) was 0. 84. Test-retest reliability (ICC) of the questionnaire with interval time of two weeks was 0. 88 (p < 0. 001). Conclusion: The findings indicated that the Iranian version of the HFKS is a valid instrument and could be used to measure the knowledge of patients with heart failure in research and treatment departments. It is suggested that in the future studies the construct validity of the HFKS questionnaire should be investigated using a factor analysis in a more representative sample.