Modern Care Journal
Year:2012 | Volume:8 | Issue:4 (32)|Papers Count:14

Background and Aim: Anxiety is among the most common mental disorders. Nowadays, complementary medicines has become a part of every treatment and many of patients, in order to reduce the side effects and cost of treatment are inclined to use it. Hypericum perforatum is traditionally used for the treatment of many physical and psychological diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of hypericum perforatum (hypiran) on the anxiety of students living in Karaj universities dormitories.Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial that was conducted on the students living Karaj universities dormitories. The instruments used for data collection included: a self administered form and Spilburge's anxiety questionnaire. Spilburge's anxiety questionnaire was filled out by students, as a screening test for anxiety. After screening 180 students were randomly divided into two equal groups, control group and experimental group. Each of the subjects in the experimental group was administrated 60 daily drops of hypiran for 2 months. Anxiety was evaluated before and after 2 months in both of the groups. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software, statistical tests paired- t test, and t test for independent groups; and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significantResults: Mean score of anxiety decreased in the experimental group after 2 months (P<0.001), but not in the control group (P=0.574). Comparison of the two groups showed a significant statistical difference in the mean score of anxiety after intervention (P<0.001).Conclusion: It seems that hypericum perforatum can be effective in the treatment of anxiety.

Background and Aim: The spread of cardio-vascular diseases have an inflammatory background and systemic inflammation has the key role in the development of atherosclerosis and this factor may specially increase cardiovascular problems in overweight and obese people. The present study aimed at examining the effects of resistance and aerobic trainings on C reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile, and body composition in overweight women.Materials and Methods: 45 healthy premenopausal women participated in the study and they were randomly classified into three groups: control group (n=15), resistance training (n=15), and aerobic training (n=15). Aerobic training was carried out for 8 weeks, 4 sessions per week at 65-80 percent of maximal reserved heart rate. Duration of each session was 16 minutes in the first week and it increased up to 30 minutes in the 8th week of exercise. Resistant training also carried out for 8 weeks at 50-65 percent of 1RM. These trainings were performed 4 sessions per week and each session lasted 50 minutes. Serum level of CRP, lipid profiles including TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C and body mass index of the participants were assessed before and 48 hours after trainings. The obtained data was analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey test at the significant level P<0.05.Results: Percent body fat/ PBF, (P=0.01) and waist to hip ratio/ WHR, (P<0.001) decreased significantly and maximum volume of oxygen utilization /Vo2max increased significantly (P<0.001) in both aerobic and resistance groups compared to the control group, while, CRP (P=0.01) decreased significantly in the resistant group compared to the control. However, CRP in aerobic group (P=0.33) and TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C had no significant changes (P>0.05) in the training groups in comparison with the control group.Conclusion: Although 8 weeks of both aerobic and resistance trainings did not affect the lipid profile of premenopausal overweight women compared to the control group, it decreased CRP in resistance group significantly rather than control group and also decreased PBF, WHR and improved Vo2max significantly in both groups in comparison with the control group.

Background and Aim: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases and also the greatest health problem in all countries. The most important strategy to control chronic diseases is self-care behaviors. Thus, the present study was implemented to determine self-care capacity among diabetic patients.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 92 diabetic patients aged 20- 65 years, were selected from the Imam Khomeini hospitals of Ardebil and studied within a month in winter 2009. The necessary data was collected through interview by using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale (SDSCA).Results: Self-care rate among the subjects was weak. Factors such as type of diabetes (P=0.02), residence (P=0.01), age (P=0.01), education level (P=0.01), and instruction history (P=0.02) had a significant relationships with self-care capacity.Conclusion: Self-care capacity of diabetic individuals was weak, therefore given the crucial role of self care behaviores to control diabetes, nurses are required to identify help-seekers' need while performing nursing interventions and investigating self-care behaviors and design and implement planned training to promote self-care ability among patients.

Background and Aim: The elderly form a large sector ssof the human population worldwide. Aging is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality and infectious diseases are among the important causes of morbidity and mortality in this group. The present study aimed at determining the reasons for the hospitalization of the elderly in the infection wards and type and prevalence of the infections which necessitated their hospitalization.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytical Cross-sectional study 350 patients (³65 yrs) that were admitted to infectious diseases ward of Vali-e-Asr hospital were evaluated. By using questionnaire personal information, the first and ultimate diagnosis of the disease, and characteristics and remedial knowledge of the patients (including the history of previous and contemporary diseases, history of hospitalization, and recent medicines taken) was gathered. The obtained data was analysed by means of SPSS software (version 13) and the statistical Chi-square test at the significant level P<0.05.Results: 40% of these patients had a previous hospital admission history and 60% of them had been admitted to the hospital for the first time.56.5% of patients had a history of underlying disease (s), the most common reason of which was hypertension (38.4%). The most common complaints of patients were coughing and dyspnea with abdominal pain. The most common primary diagnosis was pneumonia (27.1%) and as a final diagnosis pneumonia was the most frequent one (52%). A significant difference in the frequency of the final diagnosis in different seasons was observed. The most frequent diagnosis in the spring, autumn and winter was pneumonia and gastroenteritis was the most common final diagnosis reported in summerConclusion: Infections in the elderly require a comprehensive review of the previous history of hospitalization and comorbidities. More attention to specific organs including the respiratory, gasterointestinal and urinary tract as the most common organs involved in the diseases in the elderly can help physicians to diagnose the causes of infections in this group more rapidly.

Background and Aim: One of the most important issues in general health, particularly psychological health, is the recognition and investigation of human sexual behavior and tendencies. Sexual dysfunction has negative impact on individuals' lives, interpersonal relationships, and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine sexual dysfunction in Hypertensive women who had referred to the health centers of Ramsar and Tonekabon in 2009.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 187 hypertensive women and the sampling method employed was Convenience sampling. Necessary data was collected by means of data personal identification form, and Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI). The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's coefficient correlation.Results: It was found that 36.9%of hypertensive women had undesirable sexual function and 63.1% had moderate sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction had a significant relationship with age (P=0.021), body mass index (P=0.036), menopause (P=0.018), history of hypertension (P=0.014), systolic blood pressure (P=0.040), drug regimens (P=0.004), and taking of diuretics (P=0.014).Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its negative effect on conjugal life satisfaction taking measures to diagnose and to cure the problem is suggested as a necessity of psychological health.

Background and Aim: Many stressors are experienced by Nursing and midwifery students. In order to identify stressors and reduce stress and prevent their consequences should be taking measures in the areas of student life. This study compared stressors among students in second year and final year of nursing school is Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Comparison of stressors in the context students can control a large extent these factors provide.Materials and Methods: Study was a descriptive- analytical that the census sampling was conducted on all of second year and final year (109) nursing students. Self designed to collect information including 1-demographic information and 2- stress factors in three areas of education at university (17 questions) and clinical environments (33 questions) Personal- Social (15 questions) is used. Data analysis was sealed SPSS software and to compare the stressors in different groups using the Mann-Whitney test and significance level of P<0.05 was considered.Results: A total of 109 people, from 120 of the second year and final year nursing students with a mean age of 21±2.1 and the average 16.2±1.1 were studied. In total stressors Personal- Social area was mean 3.22 in the students all the more important then other factors, within the clinical environments was mean 2.85 and within education at the University area was mean 2.77 Between students semester 3-4 and 7-8 and students in the area of education at university by two factors, 1- inappropriate teaching methods and exams, 2- teacher evaluation, In the area of clinical environments, see people dying and dressing wounds, Personal- Social areas of dissatisfaction with nursing course and inadequate facilities shows significant differences. And between single and married people in the area of education at university two titles, and in the area of Clinical environment a large number of factors show statistically significant differences. Between residential and non residential students studying in two areas of Personal- Social and education at university in any case no significant difference. Only in the areas of clinical environments, patient death, patient care of non-homosexual, the probability of harm to patients, clinical performance evaluation by the instructor, show statistically significant differences.Conclusion: Nursing and midwifery students in Birjand, tolerated multiple stressors, especially in the Personal- Social area. Finally, in this study between stressful factors in all domains of nursing viewpoint of students in the second and fourth year of study, there is no significant difference. There are significant differences between demographic factors and stress in some factors that need for stress management, intervention must be made by schools and universities deans.

Background and Aim: Sleep is a major and important part of human s life. There is a significant relationship between sleep quality and occupational and intellectual performance of students as key segment6s of the society. Sleep deprivation can affect the educational status of students. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the sleep quality of students in Nursing-Midwifery and health faculties of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences.Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted in the Nursing- Midwifery and Health Colleges of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2009. After receiving informed written consent, using simple randomized sampling 162 students were included in the study. The demographic and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires were used to assess the demographic and sleep quality of the samples. The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (version 11.5), descriptive statistics, frequency table, chi square, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results: Mean age of the students was 20.62. Eight percent of the participants 8% were females and 43.2% males. 13.6% of all had satisfactory sleep quality and the rest (86.4%) had poor sleep quality. 54.3% were sleepy during the day that was related to poor sleep quality (P=0.001). Poor sleep quality was 82.9% and 89.1% in males and females, respectively; and there was no significant relationship between sleep quality and gender (P=0.2).Conclusion: Most of the students had poor sleep quality. Regarding the relationship between sleep quality and educational-professional performance of students it is necessary to improve the awareness and knowledge of them about sleep hygiene and also to provide suitable conditions in order for them to have effective healthy sleep especially during finals are vitally suggested.

Background and Aim: Diabetes is the most prevalent medical complication in pregnancy and regarding that the disease is asymptomatic but associated with many complications controlling blood sugar and identifying of gestational diabetes and great care can prevent from harmful complications to affect on the mother and the fetus. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of both gestational and overt diabetes in women who had referred to the health centers of Birjand.Materials and Methods: This descriptive- analytical study was conducted on the file of 980 cases that had referred to the health centers of Birjand during their parturition period. Sampling was a randomized and classifi8ed one. The necessary information was collected by means of a self-made questionnaire Then the data was analysed by using SPSS software and independent Fisher test and Chi-square and a=0.05 was taken as the significant level.Results: Fifty out of the 980 cases studied (almost 5.1%) suffered from gestational diabetes mellitus and 11 cases of all (almost 1.1%) had overt diabetes. Mean age of the pregnant women and their mean gestation time (s) was 27.6±5.2 and 1.1±1.7, respectively. There was also a significant relationships between BMI index, mean gestational age, having a history of gestational diabetes and familial history of diabetes with gestational diabetes (P<0.001).Conclusion: Regarding the great importance of gestational diabetes and its complications on the fetus, diabetes preventive practices demand special attention to pregnant women. In order to facilitate and increase accuracy in determining gestational diabetes, it is recommended to use the same criteria and to provide a good general education using mass media and educational pamphlets to raise public awareness about the effects of diet and activity on this disease.