Tibbi- i- kar
Year:2019 | Volume:10 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:10

Introduction: The condition of work in handloom weaving industries cause musculoskeletal (MSDS) disorders which are the most prevailing professional problem among weavers. The aim of this research was to determine ergonomic risk factors in the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. Method: The present study was done through descriptive cross-section method to assess the risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the weavers. Our data collection tools were: demographic questionnaire, job Nordic questionnaire and body map prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders to decide the rate of symptoms. Then, we took film from handloom weavers while wearing to know the condition of their bodies. After reviewing the films, the posture marks was assigned to each duty using the Ergo Intelligence software. At the end, data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and T-test using SPSS ver. 20. Results: The results showed that the most frequent incidence of pain in different organs of the body during last year belonged to neck and shoulder. The average OCRA was 3. 65. This indicated that most of the handloom weavers (64. 4%) are at high risk. Conclusion: According to the re According to the results of OCRA indices, weavers are at high risk for musculoskeletal injuries, indicating their poor working environment and working conditions, indicating the need for corrective actions.

Introduction: Exposure to noise is considered as one of the most important health problems in various industries, especially pharmaceutical industry, which can ultimately lead to significant negative effects on labor force and occupational performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between continuous noise exposure and occupational performance of the workers in the pharmaceutical industry and ampoule production line in Iran. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted through a descriptive-analytical method in 2015. The subjects were 100 workers exposed to noise in an ampoule and vial manufacturing factory in Iran. The sound measurement was carried out in accordance with ISO 9612: 2009. The Hersey and Goldsmith questionnaire (ACHIEVE model) was used to investigate the workers’ occupational performance, and the seven dimensions of the questionnaire as well as the final score of occupational performance was determined for each individual. Results: The results showed that there was a low inverse relationship between noise exposure and occupational performance of the total workers in all the halls which was statistically significant (Pvalue = 0/01, r2 = 0/256). It was also found that there was an inverse relationship between exposure to noise and the seven dimensions, but the relationship was statistically significant only for the dimensions of ability, clarity, and evaluation (P-value <0. 05). Conclusion: The present study showed that the workers in the pharmaceutical industry and ampoule production line were often exposed to higher-than-permitted sound level, and such exposures had negative effects on their occupational performance.

Introduction: Lack of awareness of the principles and rules of ergonomics, inappropriate postures and frequent displacement of patients and loads can cause musculoskeletal disorders in medical personnel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of in-person training and social network education on the ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal of patient carrier personnel in the Shahid Bahonar Hospital of Kerman. Method: This study is an applied and quasi-experimental study. That was performed on 60 participants in Shahid Bahonar Hospital kerman. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 30. The first group was trained via in-person training method combined with practical work and questionings and the second group was trained via social networks. The data were collected through a self-made questionnaire measuring awareness, Nordic questionnaire along with the scale of the investment rate and the numerical checklist patient transfer assessment index (PTAI) was collected before training for one week, one month and six months after training. For analyzing the data, SPSS software version 24 was used. Results: Low back pain is more prevalent among sick carriers than other musculoskeletal disorders. There was a significant difference between the knowledge and PTAI scores in both methods before and six months after training (P <0. 05). Also, comparing neck (P = 0. 014), shoulder (P = 0. 006), waist (P = 0. 00), knee (P = 0. 006), and foot (P = 0. 016) complaints in training method There was a significant difference before and six months after training. There was no significant difference in musculoskeletal complaints at the end of six months in education via social media. Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that both in-person and via social media training had an impact on reducing ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal complaints. And the effect of inperson training was significantly greater than that of via social media training. In addition, the reliability of the training effect was significant only In-person training

Background: Train driver is a job with a high level of occupational stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness mindfulness-based stress reduction on occupational stress and general health among train drivers. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group. Utilization of voluntary sampling method, 30 people were selected among the train drivers in Kashan City and were assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness based stress reduction. General health questionnaire and occupational stress questionnaires (Devis & et al) were also used to collect data. Results: In terms of occupational stress, the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the pretest stage were 32. 27 and 34. 63, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean scores of the experimental and control group in the posttest stage were 24. 86 and 34. 17, respectively. In terms of general health, the mean scores of the experimental and control groups at the pretest were 26. 14 and 28. 34, respectively. In the meantime, the mean scores of the mentioned groups in the posttest stage were 19. 23 and 27. 98. In other words, mindfulness based on stress reduction had effect on increasing the general health and reducing occupational stress. Conclusion: According to the research findings, mindfulness based stress reduction is an appropriate intervention to reduce occupational stress and it is effective in increasing mental health of train drivers.

Introduction: The importance of assessing and identifying ergonomic risk factors in the workplace among office workers has increased with the increase in occupational tasks of computer and increasing the risk of physical and mental disorders among its users. One of these factors is the usability of computer hardware and software. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of office automation software and to measure the fatigue and burnout of employees in an office and determine their correlation. Methods: In this study, in one of the health centers of Tehran City, staff fatigue, burnout and their use of office automation software using multidimensional job fatigue inventory (MFI-20), maslach burnout inventory (MBI), and the standard questionnaire was used to evaluate the usability of the software. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software. Results: The findings of this study showed that automation software was very useful for most users. According to the findings of this study, there was a significant negative correlation between software usability and emotional exhaustion dimensions, the reduction of personal inadequacy, general fatigue, and physical fatigue with correlation coefficients of-0. 228,-0. 511,-0. 372 and-0. 287, respectively. The greater the usability of the software, the lower the level of employee fatigue and fatigue. Conclusion: The applicability of job software is effective in burnout and fatigue of employees. Therefore, the usable design of such web-based software should be considered by office systems and software developers.

Introduction: Fatigue is the exhaustion of the body or spirit that can be caused by stress, excessive work, drug use, physical or mental illness. Fatigue is a factor in reducing productivity and incidents. Therefore, measuring fatigue is important. The aim of this study was to determine the fatigue measurement based on subjective and objective indices. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 120 male and female students. By simulating the real environment of each person in the 50 and 70dB pressure levels for 40 minutes, before and after exposure to noise, the amount of mental fatigue was measured using the subjective index Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the objective index continuous performance test (CPT). The results were analyzed using paired t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient in SPSS 20 software. Results: Measurement results with both self-declaration scale and continuous performance test showed that mental exhaustion was increased significantly after exposure to the mentioned pressure level, but the results of two methods were not consistent with each other. Conclusion: Considering that the VAS self-declaration scale is a subjective method, it seems that the mismatch of the two methods is more related to the ineffectiveness of this scale. Therefore, it is suggested that re-examination has to be done with more precise methods such as electroencephalogram.

Introduction: Faculty members are one of the main factors in the higher education system, that high level of occupational stress caused by educational, research, and executive duties makes them exposed to burnout. The purpose of this study was predicting burnout of faculty members of Yazd Payame Noor University using artificial neural network technique. Method: The present research was descriptive in terms of method, and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research was the faculty members of Yazd Payame Noor University. The analysis was performed on 315 data from 105 faculty members that were acquired during the last three academic years. Data were collected using two closed questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. For analysis of data, including 23 independent variables and one dependent variable, two types of neural network, including MLP and RBF were designed and implemented. Results: Correct percent of burnout prediction in the training, testing and validation data for the MLP neural network was 83. 3, 80. 9 and 74. 5, respectively, and for the RBF neural network was 73. 1, 93. 3 and 9. 76, respectively. The area under the rock for MLP and RBF networks was 0. 823 and 0. 833, respectively. Conclusion: Comparison of two MLP and RBF neural networks based on rock curve and prediction correct percent showed that the RBF neural network is more effective in forecasting job burnout of faculty members of Yazd Payame Noor University, and the variables scientific group, teaching master students, age and communication had the greatest impact on burnout.

Introduction: Sleep is an essential element for maintaining health, which is associated with several factors in improving its quality, including the use of a suitable pillow that, with effective support, can support the spine in the neck area and it prevents complications such as headache, neck pain and shoulder pain. The purpose of this study was to provide a suitable pillow design in accordance with the dimensions of Iranian people for proper support in both back and flank positions. Method: 84 volunteers (40 males and 44 females) with an average age of 29/47 years (SD=7/91) were enrolled. Anthropometric characteristics such as head width in the ear area, head length, head height, etc. were determined using a caliper, a Canon SX60HS camera, a digimizer software, Excel and SPSS version 20. Different percentiles of the body dimensions of men and women were calculated. The findings were used to calculate the dimensions of different parts of the ergonomic pillow. Results: Based on different dimensions of the head, neck and shoulder area in the sample, the pillow was designed with a width of 70 and a depth of 26/4 cm for men and a width of 65 and a depth of 26/4 cm for women. Conclusion: It is anticipated that the pillow designed according to anthropometric measurements of Iranian subjects can reduce head and neck pain and spinal problems. It is also recommended that other research has to be done to standardize the dimensions and type of pillow material in all parts of Iran.