JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PERSPECTIVE
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:5|Papers Count:14

The Creative thinking is the base of faith and eternal happiness in Islam, so that formation and continuity of this thinking has the personal, familial, social and governmental basics and contexts. This article adresses the personal and familial basics and contexts of creative thinking.

Dictionary definitions of wisdom include statements such as the quality or character of being wise, profundity, understanding, the capacity of judging rightly in matters relating to life and conduct, and soundness of judgment in the choice of means and ends. Wisdom is higher than knowledge, information, and data. Wisdom is a process that by which can realize right and wrong and judge between good and bad. Wisdom is an human characteristic. A survey of previous studies and different viewpoints about wisdom indicate that knowledge, ethical principles, social consideration, and action are principal components of wisdom. The main objective of present study is to define and clarify concept of wisdom and its main components in Nahj Al-Balagheh by means of content analysis, for managers. Research hypothesizes the relationship between components of ethical principles, awareness, social consideration and action with wisdom in Nahj Al-Balagheh and test whether wisdom, knowledge, ethical principles, social consideration and action has been emphasized in Nahj Al-Balagheh. 238 short sentences of Nahj Al-Balagheh which include these concepts have been identified for content analysis and quantified as statistical population of the study. Then all of them analyzed. Results of quantified content analysis show that wisdom have relationship with ethical principles, awareness, social consideration and action and ethical principles have the most relationship with wisdom. Wisdom and its components which include knowledge, ethical principles, social consideration and action have been emphasized in Nahj Al- Balagheh. Ethical principles has been found to be the most prevalent component of wisdom that has been emphasized in Nahj Al-Balagheh.

The purpose of this article is to determine the effective factors on the SL in PB. The applied research method used in this survey, based on the purpose, applied; based on the data collection method, is an analytical, descriptive correlational one. The management of the branches (bosses & assistants) of PB in Tehran which includes 276 persons constitute the population of the research. A sample of 161persons were selected from this population by classified random sampling method based on the six areas of the bank. Data were collected by a reliable & valid questionnaire. The required data were collected through145 compeleted questionnaires by applying correlation and one sample t-test. For testing the conceptual model the SEM technique was used & hypotheses were tested. The acquired' results show that the Organizational Values(OV) has a direct, positive & significant effect on the st. , and Organizational Structure(OS) has a direct, negative & significant effect on it. On the other hand, the results of the Correlation test show negative & significant correlation between OS & other variables. They also show a positive & significant correlation among all other variables by a two-by-two approach.

Since organizations usually utilize control mechanisms- like contracts- in order to managing risk in inter-organizational relationships, the main purpose of current paper is the investigating of other alternative strategies for managing risk in inter-organizational relationships. These strategies include power symmetric relationships establishment, interdependent relationships establishment, and trust building. In the line of this purpose, some hypotheses and a model were proposed. Related hypotheses were assessed by a sample of high rank managers of 112 firms and through a designed questionnaire. Data was analyzed through regression and sample splitting. Results of regression analysis showed that asymmetric power is a direct predictor for relational risk perception. On the other hand, splitting samples in two categories- high and low- for trust and interdependence confirmed the moderation role of these two variables in the relationship between asymmetric power and relational risk perception. Results showed that beside control mechanisms, in order to managing risk, trust building and interdependence establishment should be considered.

National Tax Administration was established in 1380 in order to increase efficiency and effectiveness of the tax system based on the Thirth Five-Year Development Plan of Islamic Republic of Iran. Increasing tax income, reducing the cost of tax collection, increasing the satisfaction of taxpayers and stakeholders of tax system, training and development of human resourse, improving of civil service, automating of tax system and promoting of productivity, are the other goals of the administration. This paper investigats the extent of achieving. these goals of National Tax Administration by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results show that Iranian National Tax Administration has not been efficient. Furthermore, during the period of 1381-1385 the trend of efficiency was unstable and trend of utility of tax system and education of human force, was positive.

Happiness, as one of the most important needs of human beings has significant effect on the mental power of individuals so that happiness as a factor that can prepare people to deal with today's complexity and problems, has attracted attention of many scholars, researchers and even lay people. On the other hand, Religion as a fondumental value in human nature has a special place for the expansion of happiness in the psyche. This paper with attention to religious dimension as an effective item in everybody life, is going to answer to this question that "is religious orientation affect happiness?" To answer this question, 120 employees as our sample are selected randomly from Tehran University as population. Research data are gathered by standard questionnaire of happiness and religious orientation. They had good reliability and validity (alpha respectively were 0.89 and 0.78). Correlation test show that personal-external religious orientation had not significant relationship with happiness but other dimension, social-external religious orientation and internal religious orientation had significant relationship with happiness.

This study addresses the extent of employing nine criteria of EFQM model at the Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-kord. In the study, survey method was used. To fulfill the aims of the study, 822 participants were selected through stratified random sampling technique from among 7799 population based on Morgan index. In addition, 200 staff members of organizations relating to this university were selected as sample. The instruments included 3 researcher-made questionnaires. The reliability of the instruments was insured through confirmation of professors and pre-testing. The Cronbach Alfa of the questionnaires related to the faculty and staff members, students and the society members calculated to be 0.98,0.74 and 0.70 respectively. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics-mean, standard deviation and frequency-and inferential statistics-ANOVA, Scheffe and Dunken-were used. The results revealed that the extent of applying EFQM model criteria at the Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-kord shows meaningful difference. Moreover, the EFQM use is as follows: leadership: 59%, policy and strategy: 63.75%, people: 58.8%, partnerships & resources: 60%, processes: 57.8%, people results: 62.2%, customer results: 56.5, society results: 60% and key performance results: 57.3. In general, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-kord obtained 589 out of 1000 on EFQM model.