Culture-Communication Studies
Year:2018 | Volume:18 | Issue:40 |Papers Count:7

This study with the title of "analysis of cultural barriers for political development of Iran: Second Pahlavi era" aims to respond to this important question that what are the most significant cultural barriers of Second Pahlavi era that impede Iran's society in pursuit of reaching political development? Hence in order to gather relevant data and analyze historical evidences, historical and Analytical study methods were undertaken, by referring to actual and virtual libraries accompanied with scrutinizing valid documents, books and other relevant references. The findings of this study indicate that the governing dictatorship culture across the society and kingdom structure, absence of scientific and logical mentality, lack of questioning and criticizing attitude in society, weakness of civil society, strong presence of superstitious and traditional believes in context of society, dearth of affability and tolerance culture, lack of an original national liberal intellectual movement and authoritarianism management of Mohammad Reza Shah over various organizations and repressing civil society, political parties and critic sociological constitutions dependent to middle age traditional and contemporary class, closing critical journals and imposing heavy censorship on journals and other mass media beside suppressing dynamic intellectual movements, inhibit Iran's society in reaching political development during Second Pahlavi era.

The objective of the paper is to study lived experience of Iranian Instagram users. The forming of specific kind of interactions has established by special features of the social media. The features embedded new experiences in the everyday routines of the active users; so the authors concentrated who are since long time active in this social media. Interpretive phenomenology approach and semi-structured interview has been used to understanding the deep meanings of their experiences. Concentrating on experienced users with at least two years of membership, totally, sixteen participants have been interviewed. Thematic analysis has been used foranalyzing participants’ answers. Analysis of the data identified different themes such as like as appreciation and creation of social relationship; comment as dialogue field; the importance of affluence of users; and lack of formation of real friendships. In sum, regarding increasing blurring of real and cyber life differences, one must not ignore consequences of cyber experiences such as inclusion and exclusion on real life. Furthermore, any interruption in the everyday practices of Instagram users could lead to negative social and psychological consequences.

Rumors are unofficial and invalid statements that create in several steps within communication systems, since information transmitted from a person to another, so there is huge chance for mutilate information. (Gloria 2015). Today rumors in social messengers, for example Telegram, are very rampant and on the other side, Telegram users and people believed this rumors easily and even retransmit that rumors. One of the main reasons that users interests in diffusing rumors on social messengers is that they are not adhere to Gothenburg - Written communication principles and so they go from first Oral communication to second one. On the other side when audience does not convinced by official media (like national TV) and feels the event whole or partly doesn't expose to him (by TV policy officers or reporter). So they lose trust in official news agencies and therefore try to get information from other ways like social messengers, resulting that audiences use news and rumors (planned or unplanned) that diffuse in social messengers as a source of information. In this thesis researcher wants to investigate if national (government or state) media inform audiences truly, can we still observe rumor transmission and retransmission on society? How much of the national media is effective in the growth of this phenomenon? In fact researcher wants to investigate the Relation between Trust to the National Media and the Reliable Predictability of the Rumors that spread in Telegram (social messenger) in Ahvaz (city).In this research observed that 37.8 percent of audiences admitted Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (national media) in the field of fast transfer of relevant news, 53.6 of audiences admitted Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting in using of reliable sources for news, 57.8 audiences admitted that The dependence of the national media on the political system in too strong, 50.3 of audiences admitted too strong and strong censorship in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (national media), and 37.5 percent of audiences describe the performance of national media in Comprehensiveness of news and programs as suitable, also observed that fast transfer of news, The dependence of the national media on the current political system (government) and censorship are effective factors in the tendency to believe in the rumor on social messenger.

this study aims to answer the question that how the image of the intellectual woman is constructed in the Iranian movies? In order to achieve the purpose, 13 movies, which have been selected by purposive sampling method, have been analyzed through the "narrative analysis" method and considering the "specific intellectual" theory of Michel Foucault. Results show that in the Iranian movies specific intellectual woman is an independent, employed, educated woman who stands against the family rules. Hence, "family" is the main functional zone of intellectual women; and the narrative of these women in the cinema is the construction of "the conflict between inside and outside intellectual" in the 1980's, construction of "the rebellious modern intellectual" in 1990's and construction of "defeated modern intellectual" in 2000's. Finally, construction of these concepts are related to dominant political discourses. political discourses.

The generational memory of the Iran-Iraq war is meant to be the memory shared by those whose collective experience of war has shaped their views in the same period of history. The fundamental fact of generational memory is that different generations interpret and remember past events in varied ways. Thus, the incident as effective as the Iran-Iraq war can act as a focal point in the reproduction of collective representations of the past, and in the present conditions of the society can configure the mentality of the generation around the understanding and commonsense of war. For a conceptualization of generational memory of war, after an overview of individualistic and collectivist models of collective memory and the expression of deficiency in their methodological strategies, a new model of cognitive sociology was used to examine the mechanisms of generational memory's production. In this model, collective memory as a knowledge structures and in the form of memory schemata which exists at a supra-individual level of social life, is cognitive by-product of the social interaction of culturally related individuals with each other among cultural objects. The dominant methodology of research has been qualitative method, the technique of deep and semi-structured interview has been used for data collection, and the method of thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The application of the analysis method allowed us to obtain a typology of common knowledge structures that individuals in each group generation can use to understand the meaning of events and phenomena associated with warfare. These common knowledge structures, as generational memory schemata of the war indicate that how two generations with autobiographical and historical memories of war represent the Iran-Iraq war.

The emergence of modernity has had consequences for the Iranian society and led to different values in the political, social, cultural and economic spheres. Development of these values while changing attitudes has led to changes in social, cultural and economic activities, including consumerism. The question is wether religiosity, values, traditions, identity, economic and social status can play a deterrent role in the process of consumerism or not? The present study was conducted with a sociological approach and a survey method using a questionnaire. Data was randomly collected from a sample of 506 people (residents of Kashan city) aged 18 years and above. Statistical tests have been used to investigate the relationship between variables. Statistical analysis shows that there is a signifisant correlation between religiosity, traditionalism, revolutionary identity, gender identity, religious values, and economic and social base with consumerism. The results of the multivariate regression equation show that religiosity has the most explanatory power in relation to consumerism. The results of the multivariate regression equation show that religiosity has the most explanatory power in relation to consumerism, Therefore by increasing religiosity the desire for consumption decreases.

Computer games cover a wide range of leisure of adolescents and have had a lot of behavioral effects on them. The aim of this study is to investigat the role of computer games as part of the subculture of adolescents in their antisocial behaviors in Isfahan. Particularl adolescent subcultures have a great influence on adolescent behavioral patterns and direct their social behaviors in a positive and negative way. To achieve this end, from among 127817 teenagers (12-18 years old), across six educational regions of Isfahan, a sample of 666 was selected using quota sampling metod. It is a descriptive survey in which the researcher developed a questionnaire with 38 close- ended questions for data collection. The respondants provided their answers basedon Likert five-point scale. The questions were about respondants, demographic characteristics such as age, sex, educational conditions and research variables such as antisocial behaviours (mischief, vandalism and disregarding the rights of others).The data were analayzed by both descriptive and inferential statistics and Some tests such as pearson, and chi-square, corelations, t test and regression were used for the testing the relationship between variables. The findings showed that there was significant relationship between antisocial behaviours (mischief, vandalism and disregarding the rights of others) and the type of computer games used by adolescents. The results also showed that gender was effective in most of computer games types used by adolescents. Age variable had not significant differences in three age groups of adolescent in using of computer games type.