Journal of Research and Health
Year:2014 | Volume:4 | Issue:2|Papers Count:12

Design structure matrix (DSM) and quality function deployment (QFD) are new methods for evaluation of the structural complexities that in the recent years have been considered by scientific and research centers worldwide. The Study was conducted to determine the structural complexity pattern of health and treatment, Iran, and its accommodation with the beneficiaries’ needs. This is a descriptive research with functional aspects. In this research, at first, by studying the existing network functions, its organizational structure was extracted. Then, direct and indirect dependencies between the organizational units were evaluated using the DSM technique. The results of these dependencies were used on the roof of house of quality in the QFD method and the final structure was obtained by combining the results of both methods.According to the findings, the whole network headquarter duties can be delegated to the Health Center and the headquarter can be removed from the main structure. Combining the two techniques will change the Health Center organizational structure from product-based to sectorial or branched, as well as the hospital structure from the machine to the professional bureaucracy. However, no significant changes will occur in the organizational structure of the emergency center. Finally, the overall structure of the health and treatment network would have a hybrid format. Combination of the mentioned techniques with organizational structure optimization and without changing the network functions will lead to the formation of a more flexible structure that can better fulfill the network beneficiaries’ needs.

Undoubtedly the most valuable asset of any society its manpower. Among the most critical factors for success in all areas, institutions and organizations, including industrial, office, service and training is that healthy relationships are based on cooperation and solidarity among community members. Mental health of students at each community is priority for education systems, so a student who has been psychologically healthy, he can more easily achieve their educational goals and cooperate with others with the understanding of the processes of management of society and its independence in future.

There are a few studies that at the same time assessed both nurses ‘sleep quality as well as sleepiness and their correlation in the Iranian context. The study applied a descriptive, correlation design.252 nurses randomly were selected. Using Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) prevalence of sleepiness and sleep quality of sample was examined. The participants were mainly female (86.9%) and married (73.4%) as well, most of them had Bachelor in nursing (74.2%) and less than 10 years experience (57.9%). The prevalence of sleepiness was 45.6%. Daytime sleepiness correlated with job experience and education. 84.5% of the participants reported that they have poor sleep quality. In PSQI, The highest mean scores belonged to sleep latency (1.8±0.9) and the lowest belonged to hypnotic medication use (0.54±0.97).There was no significant difference between gender, marriage status, education, job experience, and sleep quality. A significant association was found between sleep quality and sleepiness. According to Binary logistic regression study, the risk of sleepiness among participants with poor sleep quality was 2.58 times more than that among those who had good sleep quality. The study indicate almost high prevalence of poor sleep quality and moderate prevalence of sleepiness among South East Iranian nurses. It is imperative that more attention is paid to this subject since; it may affect the quality of care and the health of nurses negatively.

Security has always been one of the most fundamental human needs. Also pople’s participation is an important factor in providing sustainable security. This study was designed with the aim of determining the role of people’s participation in social security promotion. The local residents had already expressed their concerns about the lack of security in the area through completing a prior 5-year continuous needs assessment (2006 to 2010) and through a voluntary structure participated in promoting neighborhood security. Data were collected using a 40-item researcher-made questionnaire and were analyzed in SPSS-16. The mean age of the participants was 41.86, and 57% were women. The community participation in some instances such as; “reporting thugs and drug dealers to police” with 32.2%, “removing trespassers in the area” with 32.9%, “fixing the lighting of the streets” with 34% were highly effective in their opinion. However the participation in areas such as; “reducing crime and offenses” with 35.8%, and “reducing unemployment and poverty” with 44.1% met with little impact, and in regard to “promoting local security” with 45.4% of the total votes was listed as an average effect. The Study indicate that people view heir participatory activities in the area of security with 60% as influential. Therefore, it can be concluded that people’s power and capabilities in promoting local security can help the authorities, especially if the people’s needs in these matters are assessed and prioritized.

This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of attention games on the rate of executive functions and attention of preschool children with neuropsychological learning disabilities. The design was experimental with pretest and posttest and control group. 20 preschoolers with neuropsychological learning disabilities were selected by using multistage random sampling. Then, they were randomly assigned into two groups (10 in the experimental and 10 in control groups), and the attention games were employed for the experimental group. The instruments were Conners diagnosis test and Raven Progressive matrices. The data was analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The findings indicated that attention games can effect on the rate of executive functions and attention of preschool children with neuropsychological learning disabilities. The results also showed that attention games have some effects in executive function and attention in preschoolers.

Health-promoting behaviors in people admitted to selected health centers in Tehran. The significance of health-promoting behaviors in maintaining people’s performance and independence and promoting the quality of life increases with age. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted to determine health-promoting behaviors in people admitted to selected health centers in Tehran in 2010. In this study, 612 people (239 men and 373 women) admitted to Tehran’s selected health centers were selected purposefully. The data were collected using “Health- Promoting Lifestyle Profile II.” This standard instrument consists of 6 subscales namely, nutrition, physical activity, spiritual growth, health responsibility, interpersonal relations, and stress management. To maintain weight of the items, the total scores of the instrument and subscales were calculated using mean scores. To do so, each item was assigned a score of 1-4. The independent t test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The spiritual growth and physical activity subscales comprised the maximum and minimum mean scores, respectively. The health responsibility and physical activity showed the maximum significant correlation, and the physical activity and the interpersonal relations scores showed the minimum significant correlation. The physical activity and health responsibility subscales got minimum scores. This necessitates the health care staff and authorities to pay more attention to these two subscales and take action to obviate or reduce these problems.

Birth control pills are the most effective, common and reversible contraception method, and if taken consistently, reduce pregnancy rate down to 2-3%. This study was conducted with the aim to determine and compare dimensions of quality of life (physical, psychological, social, and sexual dimensions) in women using these pills and in their spouses. In this study, in which 60 couples referred to health centers for family planning services were randomly selected. The world health organization quality of life questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire had been previously confirmed. Questionnaires were completed and data were collected with the help of interviews conducted by trained interviewers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics and the t-test. Couples’ quality of life score in psychological, social, sexual and physical dimensions was 3.22, 3.31, 3.65 and 3.52, respectively. Total score of quality of life was not significantly different between men and women, and mean quality of life score was higher in men, but this difference was not statistically significant. Study results showed that there is a significant difference in terms of psychological and sexual dimensions of life between men and women, and in these dimensions, women had lower quality of life compared to their husbands. Counseling, before and while taking contraceptive pills, could play an important role in longterm and regular use of these pills to reduce psychological and sexual problems.

Visfatin is a newly discovered adipokine which is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue that may induces changes in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute endurance exercise on visfatin and insulin levels In obese women. The research is a Quasi-exprimental study that 10 obese women volunteers (age 37±9/89 y, weight 92.18±6.64, body mass index 35.95±4.9Kg/m2, fat percent 42.6±5.74% and waist-hip ratio 1.02±0.06) were chosen randomly and participated in a 30 minutes exercise program with 60-70%Vo2max on a treadmill. Serum glucose, insulin, and visfatin were measured before and immediately after exercise and 1 hour after the activity. Serum visfatin levels were measured by ELISA kit. insulin resistance index was calculated by using HOMA-IR model. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to determine base difference and the effect of activity type on blood parameters. The findings showed that Acute endurance exercise increased slightly serum visfatin (pre-test 12.64±3.85, post-test 18.61±15.55) and insulin (pre-test 14.21±4.24, post-test 22.43±14.49), immediately after exercise, but this increase did not show significant changes (visfatin, insulin). Also no significant change was seen in glucose and insulin resistance. plasma visfatin increases along with rising glucose concentration and plasma insulin after exercise, but this increase may be related to exercise intensity.

Most unintended pregnancies occur when unsafe contraceptive methods are exercised. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a training program based on the BASNEF model in promoting safe contraceptive methods among couples. This study was conducted on 120 women using unsafe contraceptive methods who visited Hamedan’s healthcare centers. Six centers with the highest rate of admission for unintended pregnancies were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. Sixty couples from three health centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group and sixty couples from the other three were assigned to the control group. First, the pretest was conducted via a questionnaire; second, members of the intervention group received training based on the BASNEF model, and 6 weeks later, both groups were evaluated through a self-report posttest. The results were analyzed in SPSS-16 using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, independent and paired t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of knowledge, behavioral beliefs, attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, behavioral intentions and enabling factors in the intervention group and in the control group. Additionally, the difference between constructs of the model was significant in the intervention group before and after the intervention. At the end of the study, 55.5% of women in the intervention group were using safe contraceptive methods. According to the results, we can claim that training couples based on the BASNEF model is effective in promoting safe contraceptive methods among them.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the most important problems in advanced and industrialized countries particularly in manufacturing companies. Determination of disorders and its relevant factors are one the most leading basis for musculoskeletal disorder prevention programs in the future.The aim of this study was to determine work-related musculoskeletal disorders and its related risk factors among hydropower plant workers. This cross sectional study was done in a hydropower plant located. All 215 workers in hydropower plant were examined. Workers wre divided into 11 working groups. To perform the study, ergonomic assessment tools such as QEC (Quick Exposure Check) and validated Nordic Questionnaire were used. The results of Nordic Questionnaire and ergonomic assessment tool showed that low back and wrists symptoms were the most general musculoskeletal signs in workers. Significant differences were found between the prevalence of the MSDs in the upper limbs and the age groups and work experience of workers. Job groups were viewed as a risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limbs. Marital status had no important effect on musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limbs such as shoulders, arms, back, neck, wrists and hands. Musculoskeletal disorders had a high prevalence among workers in this hydropower plant and control measures are required to minimize occupational exposure to work-related musculoskeletal disorders risk factors.

The behavioral patterns of the children and adolescents are the main concerns of educational systems and families in every society. Based on this belief, the purpose of the present study is to analyze the existing relationship of social acceptance and educational self-efficacy with bullying behavior among female students of middle school. This study was conducted on 2310 female students of middle school, in the city of Gonabad, from whom 320 individuals selected through cluster sampling method completed the following questionnaires: Olweus Bullying questionnaire, Morgan-Jinks educational self-efficacy scale and marlowe-crowne social desirability scale. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation Coefficient and enter regression statistical methods by SPSS-20. This study indicated the positive relationship of social acceptance and educational self-efficacy with bullying behavioral occurrences. Moreover, there were significant correlations between social acceptance and meducational self-efficacy. These correlations mean that bullying behavior increased with the growth of social desirability and educational self-efficacy.

The plan of family physician is considered as a solution for health delivery. Today, these services are offered in the form of electronic health records (EHR). Usually, the implementation of this project is encountered potential challenges. Because health care workers are EHR users, attention to their views is effective in the success of this project. This study was conducted to identify challenges and solutions of the implementation of electronic health records in family physician plan. This descriptive study was conducted physicians, administrators, faculties and nurses in affiliated hospitals of Semnan, Iran. In this study, census was used and sampling method was not used. Measurement tool was a researcher made, valid and reliable questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The findings showed 63.5% Lack of people’s culture, 72.7% lack of cooperation physician and patient, 73% worry about unauthorized access and 3/27% clinical staff’s resistance reported as the most important barriers of the implementation of electronic health records. Also 58.8% of the subjects chose role of government and 15.2% role of people as first priority in progress of the implementation of electronic health records.it is concluded that the subjects believed that there are cultural, social, infrastructure and clinical challenges in the implementation of electronic health records. It is necessary In addition to solving technical problems, activities such as social marketing, culture promoting in popular and pioneering of government are performed to reduce finally cultural resistance of society and increase users’ acceptance towards it.