Educational Measurement
Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:35 |Papers Count:9

The purpose of the present study was to identify the weight of each of the courses of academic record and scoring based on the psychometric approach of the IRT continuous model and approaches based on the viewpoint of the specialists of Topsis and AHP. The method of this study was a combination. In order to conduct research in the first part, 11 items (courses) of academic background were taken from the expert group and weighed and prioritized using Tapis and AHP techniques. The final third year grades of secondary school students were received from the assessment organization and accepted for psychology and counseling in the humanities group. Theta tests were used to estimate the grades. In order to compare different weighting and grading models, the sample group was first ranked based on scores derived from all three approaches, and compared in terms of dispersion indices and the degree of difference between rankings. The results of the comparison of the three approaches indicated that the most variance is related to the IRT continuous modeling method. The results of Wilcoxon's statistical analysis to compare the average rankings showed that in the small sample size, the weighting method in all three methods produced a significant difference in the rankings compared to the same weight method, and therefore the weighting model in the ranking of the volunteers In small sample size affects. But there are no significant differences between the three weighting models in the candidate ranking. Also, the results showed that in the high sample size (2000 persons), the weighting method in all three methods compared to the same weights makes a significant difference in the rankings. IRT method scores are more reliable than expert-based approaches. However, the weighting method does not seem to have a significant effect on the reliability of the scores.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of fines and difficulty of tests on the relationship between the ability and the score of individuals and determine the optimal penalties at different levels of ability according to their risk-taking attitude. In order to investigate the effect of different levels of penalties on the relationship between the ability and the score of individuals, the correlation between the ability and the score of individuals at different levels of penalties for different levels of ability was investigated and levels of penalties that lead to a maximum relationship between ability and the score of individuals in each level Ability was chosen as the optimal penalty levels for that ability level. In order to investigate the effect of the difficulty of the tests on the relationship between the ability and the score of individuals at the optimal penalties levels, the maximum correlation values at the optimal penalties levels at each level of ability in three tests (mathematics, education, and English) in mathematical discipline of 1395 according to the average difficulty of the tests compared. The results showed that both lack of penalties and high penalties reduced the correlation between the ability and the score. The optimal penalties levels in individuals with high abilities were higher than those with low ability and in general the optimal penalty for the whole individuals was higher than the normal value (0. 33) (for all individuals in the math, education, and English tests Respectively minimum 40/0, 40/0 and 60/0). Also, if the average difficulty of the test questions is close to zero and the penalties are based on the levels of ability and with respect to the risk-taking attitude, the relationship between the ability and the score of the individuals is maximized.

Emotions are intimately involved in virtually every aspect of the teaching and learning process and good teaching is charged with positive emotions. Therefore; an understanding of the nature of emotions within the educational context is essential. This study aimed to investigate the Psychometric Properties of the emotions in the teaching Inventory of Trigwell (2012). The research method was descriptive-correlative. Teachers of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were the research population. The required sample size was determined 280 based on the Cochran formula and participants were selected by the relative class sampling method. The Content Validity of inventory was evaluated by 5 experts based on the CVI Index. The validity was determined by confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability of ETI was confirmed by internal consistency (Cochran`s alpha) and test-retest method. The goodness of fit indexes was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Also, the alpha coefficient for total size was 0/89 and for subscales was from 0/73 to 0/84. Hence, Results showed that Emotions in the teaching Inventory had acceptable psychometric properties in the sample of university teachers and can be used as a valid scale in studies related to the teaching emotions.

Person fit assessment is useful in ensuring validity and fairness in the use and interpretation of test scores. In this research, applied the H^T person fit statistic to examine response pattern of TIMSS eight grade mathematics test of Australia, Iran, and Republic of Korea. In order to investigate the effect of contextual variables on students’ person fit statistic, hierarchical linear modeling was used, due to the hierarchical structure of data. Based on intraclass correlation coefficient, 83. 7% of variance of the H^T person fit statistic is at student level, and 16. 3% of variance of the H^T person fit statistic is at school and country levels. In addition, according to the hierarchy linear final model between the H^T person fit statistic and factors of students, schools, and countries; only the average of students mathematics achievement in countries, school emphasis on students academic success, students confident in mathematics, and estimate of students ability, are significant factors in the final model.

The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the psychometric indices of school climate and identity (SCASIM-St). The sample size of this research was 503 high school female students who were selected by random sampling method from high schools. The results of exploratory factor analysis by main components method, in addition to the overall school climate, have four factors (the relationship of students with each other, the relationship of students with employees, the emphasis of the school, the values and the collaborative approach of staff and students) and the identity of the school For Joe and School Identity Questionnaire. To verify the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the method of re-examination were used and a confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine its validity. The results showed that the questionnaire had an acceptable internal consistency and the Cronbach's alpha coefficients in its sub-scales ranged from 0. 78 to 0. 92. The validity of the questionnaire was statistically significant (P <0. 001) at the level of 0. 73. Confirmatory factor analysis was also used to determine the validity of the barley measurement and school identity. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the convergent validity (AVE) value was 0. 44 and the general fit method (GOF) was 0. 50. . This result confirms that the structure of the questionnaire has acceptable acceptance with the data and confirms all the good indicators of fitting the model. Factor analysis findings were almost similar to those of the original culture, and the reliability and validity coefficients were close to the results of previous research; therefore, considering the desirable psychometric properties of this questionnaire, this tool was a suitable tool for determining the atmosphere and identity of the school from the viewpoint of high school students is.

The purpose of this study was to develop markers of adulthood and achievements of them among students and determine its validity and reliability, based on qualitative research that has already been done in phenomenological method (soleimani & Hejazi, 1397). For this reason, 610 students aged 18-29 (317 males, 293 females) from Tehran University were selected by available sampling. After exploratory factor analysis, a questionnaire adapted to the Iranian context for measuring adulthood markers was constructed with 46 items and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. 905 in six dimensions: cognitive-emotional mastery, management and regulation of tasks for goal achievement, capacity to play a role in the family, adherence to values, independence, and role transition. The results indicated that there was a developmental stage of emerging adulthood among Tehran University students, their perception of adulthood is more relevant to individual and family skills, and an individual's perception of adulthood is proportional to the acquisition of these skills. Also, the factors of employment, financial independence and the capacity to manage family for men and the capacity of child care for women are more important criteria for adulthood achievement for students.

Aim This study aimed to construct and norm a questionnaire for Tendency to Lifelong Learning. Method In this study, multistage cluster random sampling method was used. The data was collected in two phases, that is, 538 undergraduate students in state Universities, such as Tehran University, Shahid Beheshti University, Shahid Chamran University, and Allameh Tabataba’ ee completed the TLL in the school year 1395-96. The Construct validity of the questionnaire was calculated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Result Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, three factors were extracted. According to the theoretical basis, factors were named as “ Planning for learning” , “ Understanding and guidance of learning” , and “ Gratification of authority learning experience” . The reliability was calculated using Cronbach’ s alpha coefficient. The questionnaire reliability was 0. 83 in the scale, and, it was 0. 73, 0. 74, 0. 69 in the subscales respectively. Conclusion TLL is psychometrically reliable to assess the different dimensions of Tendency to lifelong learning among university students. It can be also used in experimental studies to investigate the interventions on Tendency to lifelong learning.

The visuospatial development is one of the most important foundations of development, since it plays the role of the primary function of all learning and communication, and forms the mental representations of the outside world. On the other hand, this development simultaneously contains spatial information and directs all movements in space. Measurement of this development and its various dimensions is vital in the early years of life, since with this information we can estimate the visuospatial capacity of the child and examine the change of this basic capacity during life span. The aim of the present study was to provide psychometric properties for the visuospatial development questionnaire (Harry Wachs, 2014) for use in Iran. A questionnaire was filled out on 348 preschool children in Mashhad that were selected randomly by multistage stratified sampling method and psychometric indices were calculated using statistical software. The findings showed that the questionnaire had a satisfactory content and structure validity and also reliability. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the structure of the questionnaire has an acceptable fit with the data. These factors were named in accordance with the main research, body awareness and sense; location of body in space; relation of object to self, other objects and people; conservation of space; Visual-logical reasoning; Representational thought; their coefficients of internal consistency were 0. 83, 0. 79, 0. 67, 0. 80, 0. 72 and 0. 61, respectively. These results show that the Visuopatial development Questionnaire can be used as a tool for measuring the concept of the visuospatial development in Iran.

The aim of this study was to investigation of psychometric properties of Emotion Awareness Questionnaire in Junior High-school student of Tabriz. For this propose 585 students (male and female) from quintet areas of Tabriz were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Then Emotion Awareness Questionnaire (EAQ) administrated on them. Also Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Schutte Self-Report Inventory(SSRI) for measuring Concurrent criterion validity completed by sample. Datas analyzed by Using Correlation, Factor Analysis and Analysis of Variance methods. Results of Factor Analysis by Principal Component Analysis with Varimax rotation identified six factor that named Differentiating Emotions, Verbal Sharing of Emotions, Not Hiding Emotions, Bodily Awareness of Emotions, Attending to Others’ Emotions, and Analyses of Emotions and explained %52 of the variance. Test-retest reliability coefficient for total scores obtained 0/82 and for factors ranged 0/62 to 0/79. Higher correlation coefficient between Emotion Awareness Questionnaire (EAQ), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and Schutte Self-Report Inventory(SSRI)indicates to good concurrent criterion validity. Finally, comparison of male, and female students showed that there are significant difference between them in all factor except verbal sharing of emotions. Therefore, Emotion Awareness Questionnaire (EAQ) has adequate psychometric properties for student population.