Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:28 | Issue:8|Papers Count:8

Introduction: hypertension is one of the most important health problems in the world and in developing countries, including Iran. The prevalence of hypertension among Iranian women is higher than men. This study aimed to investigate the predictive causes of hypertension among Iranian women. This study was a narrative review that was conducted by searching related studies and resources in databases of Google Scholar, SID, Pubmed, Magiran, Web of Science, and Scopus. Finally, 49 qualified articles were analyzed and the texts were reviewed. Based on the obtained data, the predictors of hypertension among Iranian women included the underlying factors of obesity (diet and exercise), psychosocial factors (stress, occupation and addiction) and age-related factors. Conclusion: Obesity and increased waist size had a greater role in high blood pressure in Iranian women. After obesity, age and factors affecting them, lack of exercise, high stress, occupational factors, education, and addiction can also influence high blood pressure. As a result, it can be predicted that by identifying the risk factors, hypertension can be reduced among Iranian women; by teaching the causes and methods of preventing hypertension to the Iranian women as well as screening for timely diagnose and treatment, hypertension could be decreased among Iranian women.

Introduction: High bleeding due to hypolemia may cause early death. If injured persons hospitalized due to trauma, they may more likely to die. Methods for bleeding control include mechanical, heat treatment, drug therapy, or topical hemostats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hemorrhage and their usages in all emergency bleeding cases (in the years of 2008-2019). In this study, relevant articles were collected and reviewed using keywords, local bleeding, clotting, trauma, emergency, bleeding and systematic check. The relevant articles were collected and reviewed. Currently, hemostatic materials can be used to control and reduce bleeding using a variety of mechanisms, including integration coagulation factors at one point, adhesion to tissues, and activation of coagulation cascades and so on. Some of these dressings are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Conclusion: The use of hemorrhagic bandages is one of the most important recent developments. Mineralbased hemorrhages are better than other products in terms of mechanism of action. However, it is still not an ideal product. Research in this area should be given more attention.

Introduction: Measurement of foot pressure variables can be used to assess the loads to which the human body is subjected in normal activities, like walking, or in more demanding situations such as sports. The purpose of this study was to compare the foot pressure variables in blind and healthy individuals with open and closed eyes during walking. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental and laboratory study with pretest-posttest design. The statistic samples included 13 blind men with the mean age of 29. 05± 3. 28 years and 17 healthy men with the mean age of 24. 22± 1. 31 years participated in this study and were selected by available sampling method. . A foot scan (RS Scan International, Belgium) set was used for measuring planter pressure during walking. Variables data were recorded at a sampling frequency of 300 Hz. For data analysis, paired t-test was run to compare the means within the group; also, independent t-test run to compare the means between the groups using SPSS ver. 16 statistical software. Results: The results showed that the peak reaction time of the ground reaction force during the heel contact phase was 45. 89% higher than blind people compared to the normal participants (p<0. 023). The time to peak of vertical force during mid stance in the blind people was 38. 97% more than in normal people with closed eyes (p<0. 013). The peak vertical loading rate in the blind people was 41. 65% lower than normal participants with closed eyes while walking (p<0/003). Conclusion: Congenital blind people have less stance time in comparison with the healthy people with closed eyes. Decreased walking stance time seems to be related to improved their other senses that requires further research.

Introduction: Among various carrier materials capable of drug controlled-release, silica xerogels have been found to be noteworthy for loading and sustaining drug release. These silica xerogels were synthesized through sol-gel technology using Tetraethylortosilicate (TEOS) as a silica precursor. Methods: This study was an experimental basic research, which aimed to characterize the effect of adding chitosan to silica xerogels on Morphology, surface area and topography as well as mechanical behavior of the hybrid films. Furthermore, the lidocaine hydrochloride was incorporated on to the hybrid chitosan-silica xerogels and drug release behavior of the hybrid xerogels was evaluated and compared with pure silica xerogels. In addition, the covalent bond between chitosan chains and silica network was verified by FTIR; MTT assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity of the final system. Results: The release profile of hybrid xerogels showed biphasic mode of release and approximately 71 % accumulative release rate. Chitosan slightly decreased burst effect and release rate, but extended release period in comparison with silica xerogel. Moreover, blending of chitosan and TEOS enhanced tensile elongation and reduced the average pore size of TEOS-based xerogels. Conclusion: In conclusion, this in vitro study showed that the sol– gel method is useful for entrapping lidocaine hydrochloride in the pores of xerogels and its controlled release. Likewise, blending of chitosan and TEOS improves tensile mechanical properties of resulted biocompatible films. Hence, the final organic-inorganic films are capable to be applied as a coating or thin films in biomedical applications.

Introduction: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common congenital anomalies in children that can adversely influence children and families mental health, physical performance, and family economic. The aim of present study was to compare the quality of life (QOL) in mothers with children with CHD before and after cardiac surgery in South Khorasan Province (East of Iran). Methods: In this cross sectional study the QOL of 60 mothers with CHD children admitted in Vali-e Asr Hospital were evaluated before and after cardiac surgery in 2017. They were incorporated upon provision of informed consent. The Mac new Heart Disease Health-related quality of life Questionnaire scale was completed by the mothers 10 days before and three months after the surgery. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16) using relative tests. p<0. 05 was considered as significant difference. Results: The results of the present study showed that the mean of QOL score were significantly increased from 40. 8± 2. 7 in initial time to 66. 50± 2. 2 in 3 months after surgery (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Cardiac surgery in children with CHD could improve the overall QOL score and all of its subscales (physical health, emotional health and social health) of their parents.

Introduction: Numerous important factors such as physical and mental condition affect the quality of life Job stress is one of the key factors in decreasing productivity in organizations. Given the positive effects of physical activity on quality of life, this study aimed to compare the quality of life between active and inactive workers (case study). Methods: This study was a cross-sectional comparative study. 190 tile and cement-manufacturing workers who were eligible for the study were selected completely voluntarily, based on a convenience sampling. Of these, according to Beck questionnaire, 88 were selected in inactive and 64 in active groups; Weir and Sherborn questionnaire was used for assessing the quality of life (SF-36). For analysis the data, independent T-test and SPSS 16 software were used for analysis (P≤ 0. 05). Results: The results showed that physical, psychological and quality of life components in the active group of cement factory workers were (p = 0. 012) (p = 0. 001) (p = 0. 005) and tile workers (p = 0. 012) (P = 0. 005) (p = 0. 014) was a significant and more compare to the inactive group, but there was no significant difference between active and inactive workers of the two tile and cement factories. Conclusion: The results of this study showed the positive role of exercise and physical activity on the quality of life of people working in cement and tile factories. It seems easier physical activity and sports are related to the quality of life of workers and have nothing to do with the workplace.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise program on quality of life in multiple sclerosis men as a complementary therapeutic approach to multiple sclerosis. Methods: This was a semi-experimental study. The statistical sample consisted of 60 people was selected by the available sampling method from Kahrizak Nursing Home where was also a member of the Iranian MS society. They were randomly divided into control and test groups. After an introductory session of the patients with the aims and intervention method in the experimental group, 27 sessions of 60 minutes of aerobic exercise program were performed in 9 weeks. Data collection tools consisted of a demographic questionnaire, a short quality of life (SF-8) questionnaire, and self-report checklist with a significant level of p≤ 0. 05. Descriptive statistical tests, independent t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used for analysis using SPSS version 16 statistical software with a significance level of p≤ 0. 05. Results: The results showed that there was no significant different between the two groups in terms of the total score (df = 48 = T 21. 1, p = 0. 23) and dimensions of quality of life (Physical: df = 48, T = 1. 31, p = 0. 19; mental: df = 48, t = 0. 96, p = 0. 31) There was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of quality of life dimensions. Conclusion: In general, aerobic exercise, which was chosen as an exercise program in this study, improves the quality of life of multiple sclerosis patients. Therefore, this complementary therapeutic approach is recommended as an effective and cost-effective method in cost and time, as well as the ability to learn and easy to administer to multiple sclerosis patients.

Introduction: Improving balance in the daily lives of the elderly plays an important role, especially in reducing their risk of falling. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks water resistance training with dark chocolate supplementation on the balance of the elderly. Methods: In this study, 38 elderly people with an age range of 73-60 years were randomly divided into four groups. Participants in groups, included water resistance training and water resistance training + dark chocolate, performed water resistance training for eight weeks. In this period, groups of dark chocolate and water resistance training + dark chocolate, consumed 6 pieces of dark chocolate 83%, 5 gr per day, and the control group did not have any training or supplementation. The stork test (flamingo) was used to assess balance. The results of covariance analysis (ANOVA) showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the four groups. Data were evaluated using Excel and SPSS-16 (p≤ 0. 05). Results: The adjusted means after eliminating the effect of pre-test scores showed that the water resistancetraining group had a higher mean than the other three groups and the weakest scores belonged to the control group. The results of other groups were as followed: experimental group 18. 77, chocolate group 16. 88, combined group (water resistance training + dark chocolate) 17. 24 and control group 9. 77. The results of Benferoni test showed that there was a significant difference between the water resistance training group and the control group (p = 0. 006). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that eight weeks of water resistance training and dark chocolate supplementation can improve the balance and quality of life of the elderly.