Military Caring Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume:8 | Issue:4 ( 30)|Papers Count:10

Introduction: Military nurses’ preparedness is directly related to reduced casualties during the crises caused by natural disasters. Determining influential factors for proper planning is one of the main priorities of disasters management. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate nurses’ preparedness and its Related factors when facing natural disasters. Materials and Methods: A total of 305 nursing staff affiliated with medical centers and Aja hospitals in southwestern Iran (2021) were included in this descriptiveanalytical study. Demographic information form and disaster preparedness questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Software version 19, and a P-value of below 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of nurses was 31. 52± 5. 92 years, and their work experience was 10. 00± 5. 94 years. The majority of nurses was male (57. 4%) and had a Bachelor’ s degree (%78. 7) and had participated in disaster management maneuvers (61. 3%). The mean knowledge of nurses was 11. 93± 3. 69, the attitude was 67. 18± 11. 54, performance was 15. 45± 5. 59, and their total preparedness score was 94. 63± 16. 31, which is average. Marital status (P=0. 016), education (P<0. 001), employment status (P<0. 001), gender (P<0. 001), attending disaster management courses history (P= 0. 035) and having the experience of working in the area of operation (P<0. 001) were the most important variables increasing nurses’ preparedness. Discussion and Conclusion: The preparedness of nurses, as key crisis team, to reduce casualties and proper crisis management must be improved. Furthermore, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that measure preparedness in planning for more efficiency.

Introduction: Serving in military service is associated with opportunities and challenges. One of the most important concerns of families and their commanders is preventing any serious harm and maintaining the physical and mental health of soldiers. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the causes of escape from military service. Materials and Methods: The present study is a qualitative study of the Grand Theory whose research community includes all soldiers with a history of escaping from military service. Based on purposive sampling, 53 soldiers were interviewed until theoretical data saturation. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews. Other sources included printed and electronic library resources with data from valid and available scientific databases. Results: Based on the answers provided by the interviewees, 101 concepts were extracted from the interviews in the open coding stage. After analyzing and categorizing the concepts, 20 central codes and finally three selected codes including “ personality causes” , “ external organizational causes” and “ internal organizational causes, ” were obtained. Discussion and Conclusion: By identifying the compound causes of desertion, policymakers can put reforms in training, support, and administration on the agenda to reduce the trend of high-risk behaviors such as escaping.

Introduction: Viral hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola and Crimean-Congo are a kind of zoonotic infectious disease that are transferred by contact of body fluid of an infected. These diseases are dangerous with a high fatality rate. Health care providers especially nurses, are at the front fighting against them. Objective: The present study has designed for training and evaluating self-protection skills of military nursing students in facing Viral hemorrhagic fevers. Material and Methods: This study is considered pre and post educational trial that studied the effect of self-protection training against hemorrhagic fevers. Participants included 59 nursing BSc students from a military collage. Data were collected by a research-made questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 21. Results: The mean and standard deviations were 64. 76± 4. 34 and 58. 76 and ± 4. 14 before and after the intervention, respectively (P<0. 001). Results show an improvement in the performance of students after the intervention. Discussion and Conclusion: Results show the positive effect of self-protection training on performance on students. The drill evaluating method used in the present study is effective for other studies as participates deal with real situations.

Introduction: Considering the significant impact of disasters on public health, wellbeing and public welfare, disaster crisis management and “ educating staff in the face of biological attacks, their symptoms and complications” needs to be considered. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effect of lecture training and crisis management training on nurses’ knowledge and attitude in the face of biological attacks. Materials and Methods: The present study is quasi-experimental intervention study. A total of 60 nurses from two military hospitals in Tehran, who were randomly divided into two groups based on lectures and training packages, participated in the present study. Both groups underwent pre-test, post-test, and reminder tests, and data were analyzed Fisher’ s exact test, independent t-test and ANOVA (SPSS 20). Significance level was considered less than 0. 05. Results: There was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores (3 days after the intervention) (P> 0. 05) in both groups, but the mean knowledge scores of the reminder test (4 weeks after the intervention) in the lecture group (7. 2 ± 2. 27 )was higher than the that of educational package group (P<0. 001). The mean scores of post-test attitude (3 days after the intervention) in the lecture group (58. 2 ± 2. 12) were higher than those of the educational package group (P<0. 05), but the comparison of attitude scores in the reminder test (4 weeks later) the intervention did not show a statistically significant difference between the two educational groups. Discussion and Conclusion: In general, lecture training and presentation of the educational package improve the nurses’ level of knowledge and attitude.

Introduction: Nursing is one of the most stressful jobs in the world. Parental competence can be affected by this stress. Objective: This study investigates the effect of multimedia education and social networks on nurses’ sense of parental competence. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental with a multi-group pretestposttest design was conducted in 2022. The statistical population consists of all female nurses working in selected Aja hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Sixty female nurses were by convenience sampling method. Hospitals were randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups (n=20, each group). The experi mental groups underwent multimedia and social media training for one month. Data were collected using a valid and reliable parental competency questionnaire (PSOC) before and two weeks after the intervention. Then they were analyzed using SPSS 21. Results: Mean and standard deviation of the total score of parental sense of competence of the subjects before the study in multimedia, social network, and control groups were 63. 55± 5. 29, 63. 10± 5. 20, and 63. 35± 4. 88, that there was no significant difference (P <0. 05). The mean and standard deviation of the three groups changing to 64. 84± 5. 82, 69. 39± 6. 24 and 62. 15± 5. 44, respectively two weeks after the intervention that was significantly different (P=0. 001). The effect of the social networking method was more significant than the multimedia method. Discussion and Conclusion: Multimedia and social networking education significantly improved the sense of competence score in nurses with infants. Nursing managers can use distance learning programs such as social networks to promote a sense of parental competence in nurses.

Introduction: Due to the stressful nature of nursing, nurses working in emergency departments need to learn adaptive resiliency training to deal with specific occupational conditions. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effect of teaching adaptive resilience strategies by role-playing and problem-solving methods in emergency department of military hospitals in Kermanshah. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study is a comparative study in the form of pre-test and post-test performed on 62 volunteer nurses in 2019. In this study, researchers selected samples by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two problem-solving educational groups and assigned roles. The intervention was performed during eight one-hour sessions in the problem-solving training group and 2-4 hour sessions in the role-playing training group. At the end of the intervention, the Connor-Davidson resilience questionnaire was completed again. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23, and the significance level was considered less than 0. 05 (P<0. 05). Results: The results showed that both groups did not differ significantly in resilience before the intervention (P= 0. 091). Comparison of the mean resilience scores of the participants in the problem-solving group after training (77. 225± 8. 588) showed a significant increase compared to before training (73. 032± 9. 477). In the role-playing group, resilience scores (72. 419± 13. 001) increased significantly compared to before training (68. 838± 14. 539). The independent t-test showed that the difference in the mean post-test score between both groups was statistically significant (P= 0. 021) and higher in the problem-solving training group. Discussion and Conclusion: According to this study, teaching adaptive resilience strategies in problem-solving and role-playing can improve the ability of nurses to cope with stressful job situations.

Introduction: Physical activity is one of the factors that can improve dimensions of personality in society and play an essential role in community health. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of physical activity and exercise on the general health and life expectancy in soldiers. Material and Methods: The present study is a descriptive correlational study. Two hundred soldiers were selected by available sampling method from a military base. Based on the amount of physical activity per week, soldiers are divided into two groups: active and inactive. They completed general health and life expectancy questionnaires. SPSS 16 was used for data analysis (P<0. 05). Results: The results showed that active soldiers have a lower score in the subscales of physical symptoms (P=0. 001), anxiety and insomnia (P=0. 001), social dysfunction (P= 0. 001), depression (P= 0. 001), and the Total general health score (P= 0. 001) compared to inactive soldiers. However, there was no significant difference between life expectancy scores between the two groups (P= 0. 555). Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that active soldiers have better health. It is an important issue for garison’ s officials for planning to enhance physical activity programs and soldiers’ health.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death ac cross the world, including Iran. Psychological factors play a central role in the onset and persistence of diseasecomplacations. Attitude towards death is the main factor. The meaning of life is one of the attributes that play an essential role in the attitude towards death. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the meaning of life and attitude to death in patients with myocardial infarction in the intensive care unit. Material and Methods: This descriptive correlation study was performed on 160 patients with myocardial infarction at Gonbad and Gorgan Social Security Hospital in 2019 using convenient sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the meaning of life, and attitude to death (DAP-R). Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 and descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, variance), inferential statistics (Cronbach’ s alpha, Pearson correlation coefficient) at the significant level of less than 0. 05. Results: Mean and standard deviation of the meaning of life and attitude to death in patients with myocardial infarction were 4. 81± 1. 11 and 4. 65± 0. 89, respectively. Furthermore, the results of the present study showed a significant and direct relationship between the meaning of life and attitude towards death (P≤ 0. 001). Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results, it seems necessary to formulate, plan and present the appropriate policyto improve and the meaning of life of heart patients.

Introduction: Medical students are exposed to many different stressors that endanger their health. Objective: Since increasing self-esteem is one of the effective factors in coping with stress. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem and academic stress of students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences during 2020-2021. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 260 students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences by simple random sampling. Data were collected using three questionnaires: demographic, Cooper-Smith self-esteem and Godzella academic stress. Data were collected by SPSS18 using descriptive statistics and correlation test (P<0. 05). Results: This study showed that 260 students participating in the study were 167 (64. 2%) female and the rest were male. The mean age of participants was 21. 88± 3. 001 years and the majority (60. 4%) was 21-24 years old. The mean of self-esteem among students was 34. 61± 7. 91, and the mean of academic stress was 134. 04± 28. 29. Moreover, there was a significant relationship (P=0. 012) between self-esteem and academic stress, increasing self-esteem decreases students’ academic stress. Discussion and Conclusion: Given the inverse relationship between self-esteem and academic stress, the design of interventions and strategies to increase selfesteem in students should be one of the concerns of higher education policymakers.

Introduction: Healthy mouth and teeth are one of the main criteria for measuring people’ s health in the community. Health education is one of the best ways to ensure people’ s health in the community. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of peer education on improving oral health behaviors based on behavior theory that was planned in primary school students in rural areas of Torbat-e Jam. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 98 fourth and fifth-grade primary school students in rural areas of Torbat-e-Jam were selected by multi-stage sampling in 1398 and randomly assigned to two control groups and assigned tests. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire was completed by students in the previous three periods, immediately and three months after the educational intervention based on the theory of planning behavior. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis, and GEE (Generalized Estimating Equation) model was used for data modeling. All analyzes were performed at an error level of 0. 05 using SPSS 20. Results: In the experimental group, the mean and standard deviation of the attitude score ranged from 21. 59± 3. 59 to 28. 93± 1. 36, the abstract norm from 12. 55± 1. 60 to 13. 93± 1. 51 Perceived behavioral control from 13. 65± 2. 87 to 19. 44± 1. 65, intentional behavior from 14. 69± 3. 04 to 19. 69± 1. 38 and toothbrush and flossing behavior 8. 40± 1. 94 changed to 11. 48± 0. 84 after the intervention. The mean scores of all structures in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group after the intervention, while these changes in the group control not observed (P<0. 001) Discussion and Conclusion: Peer education based on the theory of planned behavior candevelop desirable behaviors and correct bad behavioral habits of oral health.