Ebnesina
Year:2022 | Volume:24 | Issue:3 (80)|Papers Count:10

Background and aims: By manipulating some variables, including the leadership style, it is possible to change the atmosphere of the organization and provide happiness and ethics, and subsequently improve the quality of work life and administrative health. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of happiness and professional ethics in between quantum leadership, organizational health, and quality of work life. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation. Using Morgan’, s table, 132 university faculty members were selected by stratified random sampling. Data collection tools were standard Quantum Leadership Questionnaire (QLQ), Organizational Health Inventory (OHI), Quality of Work Life (QWL), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), and occupational ethics questionnaire. Structural equation model and SPSS and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between quantum leadership and organizational health (0. 24) as well as the quality of work life (0. 55) with the mediation of occupational ethics. As a result, the relationship between quantum leadership and organizational health (0. 49) as well as the relationship quality of work life (0. 32) with the mediation of happiness was positive and significant. Conclusion: Despite the positive and significant relationship among research variables, it is suggested that the principles of quantum leadership be taught to university administrators and supervisors in all managerial levels.

Background and aims: A great importance has been given to the role of adipose tissue due to their ability to secrete hormones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training (RT) on hormones secreted from adipose tissue (WISP-1 and WISP-2) in obese men. Methods: In the semi-experimental study, 44 obese men (32-33 years old) were selected and randomly divided into four groups of control, interval RT, traditional RT, and circuit RT. interval, traditional, and circuit RT were performed with intensity of 50% of maximum repetition and active rest, three sessions per week for 12 weeks. Serum WISP-1 and WISP-2 levels were measured using an ELISA kit. Data were analyzed by the correlated t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey‘, s post-hoc test at the p<0. 05. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference among the effect of three training methods on WISP-1 in obese men (p<0. 001), while there was no significant difference among the effect of three training methods on WISP-2. The level of WISP-1 in the interval RT group was significantly lower than that in the control and traditional RT groups. Also, WISP-1 in interval RT and circuit RT groups and WISP-2 in interval RT group decreased significantly compared to the pre-test (p<0. 001). Conclusion: It seems that interval RT has more effects on reducing of WISP-1 and WISP-2 in obese men.

Background and aims: Due to the prevalence and consequences of selfharming behaviors among teenagers, therapeutic interventions are necessary,therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation group training on feeling of shame and coping strategies of self-harming teenagers. Methods: In a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test study with a control group, among the 13-15 year-old female teenagers of Shiraz city (region 2) in years of 2020-2021, 30 people were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=15). They responded to the Simonds’, s Adolescent Shame-Proneness Scale and adolescent coping scale (by Frydenberg & Lewis). The experimental group received Gratz’, s emotion regulation group therapy, but the control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: Generally, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the level of shame and coping strategies (p<0. 0001). the emotion regulation group training reduced the components of shame (negative selfevaluation and emotional discomfort). It also increased productive coping strategies and decreased non-productive coping strategies (p<0. 0001). It should be noted that in terms of the externalization component and coping strategies of referring to others, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Based on our results, in order to improve the psychological condition of self-harming teenagers, therapists, counselors, and psychologists can use the emotion regulation group training along with other treatment methods.

Background and aims: AIDS is one of the largest deadly and chronic infectious diseases in the world. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of group training with a positive approach and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the psychological well-being and productivity of people with HIV. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study. For this purpose, 45 people with HIV were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15 people (Positive group training, ACT, and control). Reef's psychological well-being questionnaire and Connor-Davidson Resilience scale were administered for all three groups (pre-test). The participants of the experimental groups were trained in eight sessions of 90 minutes. Two weeks after the training, the post-test was performed. In order to analyze the data, covariance analysis was used. Results: The results showed that positive group training and ACT were effective in promoting psychological well-being and resilience. Based on the findings, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of positive group training and ACT on psychological well-being and resilience of patients with HIV. Conclusion: In summary, the results showed that both approaches (training of positive Approach and ACT) have beneficial effects on the lives of people living with HIV.

Background and aims: According to the available evidences regarding the consequences of sexual harassment, it is necessary to provide appropriate and effective treatment measures for the victims. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused and existential group therapy on the adjustment of victims of childhood sexual abuse in Isfahan. Methods: This was a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up experimental research with a control group. The samples were 45 individuals with a history of being victimized by any kind of sexual abuse in childhood, referring to psychology centers in Isfahan city. They were selected based on purposeful sampling, and they were randomly allocated into three groups of 15 people (two experimental groups and one control group). One experimental group was intervented by emotion-focused therapy and the other was intervened by existential group therapy. All of them were compared with the control group after completing the intervention therapy procedure. Also, after three months, the groups were followed up. Results: According to the obtained results, it can be said that existential and emotion-focused therapy effectively increased home adjustment (p=0. 037, p=0. 021, f=3. 480, eta=0. 142) and health adjustment (p=0. 023, p=0. 050, f=3. 230, eta=0. 133) in victims of child sexual abuse in Isfahan. The results also showed that out of the two treatment methods, only the existential therapy could have a significant effect on the overall adjustment score of victims of child sexual abuse in Isfahan (p=0. 048, f=3. 620, eta=0. 141). The emotion-focused therapy could not have such an effect. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is suggested that victims of sexual harassment undergo intervention to improve their adjustment with emotion-focused or existential therapy.

Background and aims: Remdesivir is an antiviral drug that is widely used in patients with Covid-19. The aim of this study was to review the systematic review and meta-analysis studies of Remdesivir in patients with Covid-19. Methods: An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to December 2021. In addition, other databases were searched. A manual search of studies and other sources was also conducted to find evidence. The tool (Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire) was used to evaluate the quality of articles. Results: Seventeen systematic review and meta-analysis studies were included in the study. The results showed that Remdesivir in seven studies reduced the mortality of patients with Covid-19 and in seven other studies had no effect on reducing patient mortality compared to the control group. Other findings of the study also showed that Remdesivir increased clinical improvement, increased clinical recovery, reduced clinical recovery time, and accelerated the discharge time of patients with Covid-19 from the hospital. Side effects were well tolerated in most studies in the Remdesivir group. Adverse events were mild and moderate in most studies in the Remdesivir group. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that the mortality rate in patients treated with remedsivir in studies is different, so it is better to use this drug with caution. Adverse events were well tolerated.

Background and aims: The dramatic emergence of a novel SARS-CoV-2 strain as the omicron strain has become a global concern, so the aim of the present study was to evaluate the risk and treatment approach of this strain of coronavirus. Methods: In this review article, printed and electronic articles and texts with the keywords Covid-19, Omicron, Coronavirus, strain, type, and vaccine in the years 2021 and 2022 have been studied. Results: The Omicron strain has so far spread globally in 77 countries. numerous mutations in the receptor-binding domain region of the spike protein, which has surpassed the advanced immunization technologies for anti-Covid vaccines, appear to become a public concern. Conclusion: Covid-19 is a global problem, so inequality in access to Covid-19 vaccines among developed and socio-economically disadvantaged countries may lead to the resurgence of new and deadly variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although many speculations have been formed in scientific forums about different dimensions of the new Omicron strain, but in this study, an attempt has been made to collect up-to-date and reliable information for the awarenessof the scientific community of the country.

Background and aims: Covid-19 have more risks among patinets with underlying diseases. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the incidence of Covid-19 and underlying diseases in hospitalized patients in Khaf city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to the end of August 2020 by examining the hospital records of 210 patients with Covid-19 from the corona ward and 105 non-Covid-19 patients from the orthopedic ward who were selected by available sampling method. Data related to demographic information and underlying disease was extracted from the patients' records. Data were analyzed by statistical tests of chi-square and logistic regression. Results: There was a significant difference in the frequency distribution of underlying diseases in in the two groups of patients with Covid-19 and without Covid-19 (p<0. 001). The relative frequency of diabetes, hypertension, and kidney as well as heart diseases in patients with Covid-19 was significantly higher than that in patients without Covid­, 19 (p<0. 01). Conclusion: In this study, people with underlying disease had a higher chance of developing Covid-19. Therefore, health policy makers should provide programs for appropriate education, support, and awareness of patients with underlying diseases.

Background and aims: Staphylococcus aureus is known as one of the most important foodborne pathogens worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence based on the biotype of S. aureus bacteria extracted from hospital foods. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital catering in the south of Tehran city, in the three months of summer 2021. On each sampling occasion, based on the weekly cooking menu, a sample of rice, a sample of kebab, and two samples of cutlet were taken under standard conditions from the food of patients and staff. Results: In total, out of 411 food samples, 24 Isolates out of 127 kebab samples (18. 89%) and 16 Isolates out of 157 cutlet samples (10. 19%) were contaminated. There was no contamination in the rice sample. Also, there was a significant relationship between food cooking temperature and prevalence of S. aureus. In the comparison of the two contaminated samples, the highest prevalence of S. aureus was related to kebab (with cooking temperature of 160°, C) and the lowest prevalence was related to cutlet (with 180°, C). The prevalence rate of S. aureus in the kitchen surfaces of the hospital was 20%. The identified biotypes, in order from the highest to the lowest, include 15 (37. 5%) bovine, 13 (32. 5%) ovine, six (15%) poultry, four human (10%), two (5%) human β, ٭,biotypes. Conclusion: Improper cooking, serving, and transfer of cooked or processed foods, and poor consideration of hygiene factors play an important role in the spread of S. aureus bacteria.