Ebnesina
Year:2017 | Volume:19 | Issue:2 (59)|Papers Count:11

Background: There is a high risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases among women with breast cancer. Aerobic exercise training is effective in preventing and survival of these diseases as well as prevention and treatment of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise preconditioning on the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 10 (IL-10) in cardiac tissue in mice with breast cancer.Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 56 BALB/c mice (female and 3-5 weeks old) with an average weight of 15-20 g which randomly divided into two groups of active and inactive ones. The active group swam for three weeks, three days a week and 30 minutes daily, in a water tank. After three weeks, a million tumor cells were injected into them. Both groups were separately divided into four subgroups: A) continued training group, B) stop exercise group, C) chemotherapy with doxorubicin, and D) exercise- doxorubicin group. Finally, the levels of IL-6 and 10 of cardiac tissue were determined as inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers.Results: Findings showed a significant increase of IL-10 in the active group (in subgroups A and B (none-chemotherapy groups) compared to the passive group, while this difference did not exist between two main groups in subgroups C and D (chemotherapy groups). Despite the lack of a significant difference in training-chemotherapy subgroups (D), a greater increase of IL-10 among them than the group of chemotherapy alone was observed. Also, there was a significant reduction of IL-6 in the active group compared to the inactive which was observed in all subgroups.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that eight weeks of endurance swimming training before cancer may result in reducing inflammatory complications of cancer in mice with breast cancer with increase and decrease in the levels of IL-10 and IL-6 in cardiac tissue, respectively.

Background: In the recent years, interest to the assessment of medicinal plants on the protection of body has emerged. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) along with consumption caraway seeds on liver enzymes, lipid profile and blood glucose in obese and overweight women.Materials and methods: In this semi-experimental study, 24 women aged 25 to 35 years were selected and randomly divided into three obese, overweight, and control groups. All groups consumed caraway seeds (powder), 50 mg/kg twice a day for six weeks. The test group performed three HIIT sessions per week for six weeks. Each session consisted of four to six repeats of maximal sprint running (90-95% of maximum heartbeat) within a 20m area with 60s recovery gaps. Blood samples were obtained after 12 hours fasting before and after training. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measure for assessment of time interactive effect (consisting of two levels, i.e. before and after training) on the studied groups in the applied amounts of the desired variables.Results: The results of the current study showed that the three groups have significant differences in term of triglyceride (p=0.043) and AST (p=0.005) factors, but no significant difference was observed in the other variables (FBS, cholesterol, ALT, ALP, and ALT/AST) between the groups.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that HIIT with consumption of caraway seeds can be useful in prevention from the occurrence of some diseases associated with obesity; however, to achieve the desired results, the intervention should be longer.

Background: It is necessary to perform psychological interventions for cancer patients with regard to the effect of disease on their different dimensions of biological, psychological, and social conditions. The goal of this research was to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness based group cognitive therapy on the assertiveness of women with breast cancer.Materials and methods: In the frame of a pre- post- test experimental design among patients with breast cancer who referred to Mehraneh charity of Zanjan city, 24 patients were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly were assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group was learned by the fundamentals of the mindfulness-based group cognitive therapy for eight sessions of two hours (once per week). Members of both groups were assessed by Schering' assertiveness scale in pre-test and post-test parts of the study. The data were analyzed by ANCOVA method.Results: The results showed that in the post-test, the average score of the total assertiveness in the experimental group (90.80) was more than control group (62.00) and F-value was significant at the level of p<0.001.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be used in reduction of dysfunctional beliefs among cancer patients in addition to medical treatments in oncology ward.

Background: A valid and reliable tool for independent clinical evaluation of hoarding disorder (HD) seems to be necessary. The purpose of this paper was to assess the psychometric properties of a semi-structured diagnostic interview of HD in a clinical sample.Materials and methods: In this standardization study, 122 individuals including 34 patients with a principal diagnosis of HD and 38 patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (without HD) from seeking treatment services at military hospitaland clinics in Shiraz city and 50 normal army personnel were purposefully selected and administered to complete the research questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), discriminant analysis, Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability with SPSS and AMOS Graphics software.Results: The findings of the survey showed that internal consistency (Cronbach's α) of the Hoarding Rating Scale-Interview (HRS-I) was high, a= 0.803 and inter-item correlations ranged from 0.65-0.79. The correlation coefficients for assessment of the test-retest reliability (an interval of two weeks) were appropriate. The results of CFA to obtain the construct validity indicated that all five items showed high factor loading with the totalscore. Discriminant analysis revealed the Discriminant validity of the HRS-I for significant differentiation between the hoarding and non-hoarding participants. A total score of 17 was obtained as a potential cut-off point.Conclusion: HRS-I is a valid and reliable tool for using in Iranian clinical settings. This scale can be used in clinical screening, assessment and diagnosis, measurement of response to treatment, and estimation of the prevalence of HD in the normal population.

Background: Antibiotics are one of the most important pollutants of the aqueous environments. In this study, the efficiency of Fenton advanced oxidation process to remove the antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and ampicillin) was investigated.Materials and methods: This study was performed discontinuously in laboratory scale on the wastewater of one a military hospital. The values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of wastewater, mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) were measured in summer, winter and spring. Also, efficiency of activated sludge process and Fenton oxidation for removal of BOD, COD, ciprofloxacin, and ampicillin was investigated. Effects of changes of pH, hydrogen peroxide and Fe (II) in efficiency of antibiotics removal in Fenton process were evaluated.Results: The results showed that the input COD of the wastewater had similar values in the winter and summer. The maximum and minimum concentration of BOD was in late winter and early spring, respectively. The maximum efficiency for elimination of ampicillin antibiotic with 66% was achieved by activated sludge process in early spring. Removal efficacy for ciprofloxacin antibiotics was partially equal to ampicillin. The efficacy of Fenton process for ciprofloxacin and ampicillin removal was 82% and 80%, respectively. The optimum conditions for all parameters were determined. In the Fenton process, the optimum pH was 3.5, Fe (II) and hydrogen peroxide concentrations were 0.7 and 0.45 mmol/L respectively, and retention time was determined one hour. The optimum ratio of H2O2 / Fe (II) was obtained 0.64.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Fenton process is a suitable process for removal of ciprofloxacin and ampicillin antibiotics from wastewater.

Background: Survey on different biological dimensions of personality consisting of morningness and eveningness types and their influence on different aspects of psychological damages of adolescents seem to be a necessary scope of study. The aim of the present study was to investigate psychological damage levels in adolescents based on their biological personality types Including morningness and eveningness.Materials and methods: For this purpose, 362 High school students in Bushehr city were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Then, morningness-eveningness questionnaire was distributed among them. After analysing the initial results, 61 participants were selected for the second stage based on their scores in personality traits questionnaire, as individuals with morning, evening and intermediate type categories. Finally, in order to test the hypothesis of this study, psychological symptoms assessment questionnaire (SCL-90-R) was distributed among them. The collected data were analysed to investigate the research goals.Results: it was indicated significant differences between dimensions of psychological damage based on the morning, evening, and intermediate types of personality: evening types had higher scores in all components of the measurement of psychological damage.Conclusion: It seems that individual differences in biological cycles of adolescents' personality may be related with the levels of psychological damage.

At the moment, a variety of disasters including climate changes and meteorite fall threaten human society on the earth. So, scientists believe that it is important to explore viable alternative planets in the Solar System to ensure survival of the human civilization. To this end, lots of space exploration missions have been conducted for gaining information about the other parts of the Solar System in the recent years. Astronauts have to confront a lot of challenges in these missions. Long- and short- term spaceflight is associated with physiological and biochemical changes in human body such as changes in body mass, energy balance, water–electrolyte metabolism, calcium and bone metabolism and endocrine system function. These changes which are often in response to adaptation of astronauts’ tissues and systems to environmental changes are affected by microgravity of space, stress, nutrition, changes in sleep cycles, temperature, pressure and humidity. This review describes the physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in the human body responses to the microgravity and life in space for a long time and possible solutions countermeasures in order to avoid the risk of these changes on the health of the astronauts.

Background: The suicide rate in the military environment is more than the non-military one and military studies have shown that suicides have increased among military staff in recent years. This study was conducted among the soldiers of a military unit to determine psychometric properties of Suicide Cognitions Scale Revised (SCS-R).Materials and methods: In a descriptive-survey, a sample of 300 soldiers from a military unit were randomly selected and studied according to factors such as age, education level and military rank. The survey tools consisted of SCS, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ).Results: Results of the correlation analysis showed that the SCS has concurrent validity with BHS (r=0.654, p<0.001), convergent validity with the BSSI (r=0.574, p<0.001) and divergent validity with the OHQ (r=0.783, p<0.001). Also, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results showed that all 18 questions have the adequate factor loading and none of the questions were removed. The questionnaire reliability was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha 85%). Moreover, discriminant analysis of SCS questionnaires could diagnose 100% correctly the healthy people and 97.5% of patients having the history of attempted suicide.Conclusion: Psychological tests, especially in the field of military forces have a great importance. Given the validity of SCS-R about the soldiers, it can be used in the prevention of suicide of soldiers.

Background: Dyspepsia is related to Helicobacter pylori and is among the most common reasons of military patients’ referring to Gastroenterology clinics. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of anti-Helicobacter pylori (anti-HP) and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) treatment in patients with dyspepsia.Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 160 patients with dyspepsia who were randomly received two treatment regimens including only PPI medicines and both PPI and anti-HP agents.Results: After the treatment, almost all symptoms had significantly less severity in the patients receiving anti-HP treatment compared with those receiving only PPI treatment (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended that anti-HP treatment be used to improve the symptoms severity in patients with dyspepsia.